基于语义细分法的某汽车传动系声品质评价

针对中国某汽车企业传动系声品质评价问题,开展了该传动系声品质的主观评价,建立了与主观评价相统一的声品质客观评价模型。传动系噪声在半消声室试验台架上测试获得,测试工况包括全工作转速范围的匀加速和部分定速工况,通过测试数据的一致性分析确定用于声品质分析的噪声样本;综合考虑该传动系噪声的物理特征和人耳的听觉特性,并依据声品质主观评价方法的内涵属性,选择语义细分法作为声品质主观评价方法。研究结果表明:从强度、音调、音色等多个维度出发,建立汉语背景下语义细分法的语义空间,运用专家咨询法、项目区分度、主成分分析和因子分析方法,可以确定语义空间中适用于汽车传动系声品质评价的评价指标,并验证了其有效性;选取评价主体完成该传动系声品质的主观听音试验,获得主观评价结果;选取响度、尖锐度、语言清晰度等指标作为该传动系噪声客观评价指标并计算出结果;以主观评价结果为应变量,客观指标计算结果为自变量,通过一元回归分析,发现响度、尖锐度、语言清晰度与主观评价结果相关性较好;以主观评价结果为响应,多个客观指标计算结果为输入,运用多元回归分析方法及支持向量机智能建模方法,建立了该传动系啸叫客观评价的回归模型和人工智能模型,并进行了验证,实现了该汽车传动系声品质的客观量化评价。     

乘用车关门声品质风格划分评价研究

以10款具有不同关门声品质感的乘用车为研究对象,基于语义细分法、成对比较法的主观评价试验结果和心理声学客观参量(尖锐度积分、响度能量比、响度能量变化率、响度变化时间)建立了主、客观预测模型,为了提高模型预测精度,将评价模型分为"豪华感"和"时尚感"两类。将该模型与传统多元回归映射模型进行对比,结果表明,该模型样本内预测精度最大提升18.5%,样本外预测精度最大提升40.3%,基于风格类型划分的关门声品质预测模型具有更高的预测精度。     

某SUV关门声品质分析与优化

文章介绍了汽车关门声品质的主客观评价指标及影响关门声品质的相关因素,并针对某款SUV开发阶段关门声品质较差问题,特别是门锁声、车门撞击声问题,进行了关门声品质主观评价和客观测试,对问题点进行了影响因素分析,提出了采用上限压缩载荷值车门密封条、后门前边沿增加辅助密封条、提升门锁内部缓冲刚度等优化方案,并对优化方案进行了试验验证。验证结果表明,以上三种优化方案对提升关门声品质均有效,有效解决了该车关门声品质差的问题。文章提出的关门声品质评价方法及问题解决思路可为后续类似问题解决提供借鉴,具有一定工程应用价值。     

汽车关门声声品质评价方法的研究

介绍了基于A计权声压级时频特性的汽车关门声品质评价方法,建立了Zwicker瞬时响度与时变响度、Moore瞬时响度与时变响度和尖锐度的计算模型,分析了各种模型对汽车关门声品质评价的适用性;最后建立了以A计权声压级时频特性、尖锐度和瞬时响度为指标的汽车关门声品质评价方法,并通过对两个关门声样本的评价,验证了该方法的可行性。     

主观评价声品质参数的计算

传统的基于客观指标的噪声评价方法已经不能满足新车型的开发要求。为了更好地体现客户的主观感受。在评价噪声的过程中引入基于主观评价的声品质方法。文章详细介绍了语言清晰度、响度及尖锐度3个声品质参数的计算方法,对4辆不同品牌排量为1.3L的两厢乘用车进行车内匀速噪声测试,并进行了客观评价和主观评价。通过对比可以看出,基于主观的噪声评价方法更真实地反映了车辆的噪声水平和品质。     

轿车关门声品质评价方法研究

文章选定了3种关门声品质差别较大的车型,在消音室内采集3种关门速度和3种车窗状态下共15组关门声音作为研究对象。在对比参考声音的基础上,采用等级评分法收集消费者对关门声音的主观评价结果,而后对声音数据进行频谱分析,并计算几种计算模型下的心理声学参数——响度、尖锐度和粗糙度,通过研究不同状态下的参数变化情况,最终确定最适合用于汽车关门声品质评价的评价模型。在得到主客观的评价结果之后,通过拟合回归建立轿车关门声品质定量评价模型,与试验结果对比发现,拟合结果和主观评分基本一致。     

基于人工神经网络模型的车门关闭声声品评价方法研究

基于BP人工神经网络研究了利用汽车关门声客观评价量进行声品质评价的方法.利用所采集声音样本的主、客观评价结果对BP人工神经网络进行训练,对训练好的网络进行主观评价预测;另外,对人工神经网络模型的输入量即关门声客观评价参数进行了研究.结果表明:基于人工神经网络模型的声品质评价方法是有效的;音调度是汽车关门声的一个重要特征量,将音调度一并作为输入参量,不仅可以提高网络的收敛速度,而且可以降低网络预测误差.     

乘用车雨水敲击声评价方法及优化研究

随着汽车的不断发展，声品质已成为汽车噪声开发中一个重要课题。在声品质研究中，顶盖雨水敲击声渐渐受到关注。从实际开发中的问题出发，分析客观测试和主观评价的特点，然后取长避短将两者结合起来，建立一种雨水敲击声品质评价方法。通过试验数据分析，得出雨水敲击工况下语音清晰度、响度和主观评价均值的拟合公式。分析问题并实施阻尼方案，客观数据的分析结果佐证了主观评价的可靠性，方案有改善效果。     

汽车车窗升降声品质分析与评价

以乘用车车窗升、降时的驾驶员处双耳声信号为对象,引入综合评价指标心理声学烦躁度,综合相关性分析和主成分分析方法,提取出影响声品质的关键客观参量。采用参考语义法进行主观评价试验,完成了数据有效性分析,结果表明:主观评价试验结果与客观评价结果一致,影响车窗玻璃升降声主观感受的主要因素为抖动度、双耳响度和尖锐度。研究结果验证了基于心理声学烦躁度进行声品质客观评价与分析方法的正确性。     

汽车关门声品质的评价及改进

介绍汽车关门声的产生机理、主观评价与客观评价的方法和指标,对某轻型客车的关门声品质进行对标测试,并进行改进设计及验证。     

Objective evaluation of door-closing sound quality based on physiological acoustics

This paper presents a new method to objectively quantify the sound quality of doors closing in premium passenger cars. In previous works, psychoacoustic parameters have been used for objective quantification. However, these parameters do not agree well with subsequent subjective assessments. Therefore, the correlation between the psychoacoustic parameters and the subjective rating of door closing sounds in sampled cars is low, and it is not sufficient to use psychoacoustic parameters as an objective metric to quantify the quality of door-closing sounds. In this paper, a new method is proposed to objectively quantify the sound quality based on physiological acoustics and statistical signal processing. A gammatone filter is used as a pre-processing method in models of the auditory system and kurtosis, which is the fourth-order moment of the temporal signal and is used to extract quantitative information about the quality of door-closing sounds. The new metric obtained from the proposed method is highly correlated to subjective ratings and has been successfully applied to the quantification of door-closing sound quality.     

Quality evaluation of car window motors using sound quality metrics

In this paper, a method to establish a decision criterion to evaluate the quality of small window motors using sound quality (SQ) metrics is suggested. Although the sound level radiated from the motor is relatively small compared to other sounds in a car, the sound from an abnormal motor gives an uncomfortable feeling and the impression of abnormal operation, which can lead to customer complaints. To construct an objective decision criterion, the correlation between the SQ metrics and the subjective decision on the passing or failure of the motor were investigated. Four representative SQ metrics, viz., loudness, sharpness, roughness, and fluctuation strength, were calculated for the collected samples. It was observed that the loudness and roughness of the motor sample group classified as abnormal was higher than those of the normal motors. For a single figure rating for motor quality, an evaluation index for the motor sound was generated by combining the correlated SQ metrics with proper weightings. Evaluation results on the specimens that were not employed in generating the quality evaluation index showed a reasonable agreement with the subjective test at 73%. The suggested quality check method can replace the current subjective decision procedure to identify the faulty motors.     

轿车车窗上升过程声品质预测模型研究

针对声品质主观评价试验成本高的问题,提出一种基于车窗上升过程稳态噪声和瞬态噪声的声品质预测模型。采集24款轿车左前门车窗上升过程的噪声信号,在时域上划分为具有瞬态噪声特征的启动阶段、停止阶段和具有稳态噪声特征的平稳运行阶段,分别计算出3个阶段的客观评价参数。通过主观评价试验得到每款样本车的主观评价结果。运用BP神经网络建立了车窗上升过程的声品质预测模型,预测结果表明,此方法提取的客观评价参数能反映左前门车窗上升过程的声品质特征,BP神经网络建立的声品质预测模型具有较高准确度和泛化能力,能在一定程度上代替评测员对车窗上升过程声品质进行评价。     

Objective evaluation of human perception of automotive sound based on physiological signal of human brain

This paper presents a novel approach to apply the physiological signal of the human brain to the sound quality evaluation of automotive sound. In the previous work, psychoacoustic metrics were applied to the sound quality evaluation of automotive sound. Loudness among psychoacoustic metrics is used for one of major sound metrics for the objective evaluation of the sound quality of the acceleration sound inside a car. Subjective evaluation of the sound quality of the acceleration sound shows different results depending on the two different groups of participants. One group liked powerful sound when a car is accelerated: the other group liked the refine sound. Loudness of the acceleration sound is not correlated with the subjective rating of the former group whilst it is correlated with that of the latter group. This evaluation suggests that for the people who like the powerful acceleration sound, it needs to find the sound metric for the objective evaluation of the sound quality of the acceleration sound. In this paper, a driver’s brain signal is measured using electroencephalography (EEG) when a driver hears the acceleration sound of passenger cars. The signal is analyzed to obtain the relationship between brain signals and human perception. According to these results, the alpha wave correlates to the human perception of powerful sound quality of passenger cars. This interesting relationship can be used for objective evaluation of passenger car sounds.     

全油门加速工况车内声品质研究

以23辆乘用车的3挡全油门加速工况的车内噪声为研究对象,对车内声品质采用等级评分法进行主观评价试验,分析计算各噪声样本的心理声学参数和非心理声学的客观参数,并应用多元线性回归理论建立声品质预测模型。研究表明,响度、线性度和粗糙度是影响听众对全油门加速噪声主观感受的最重要的因素,模型预测结果与主观评价试验结果相关系数R~2为0.853,预测值与主观评价实测值吻合度较高,所建立的声品质评价模型在统计学上是有意义的。     

一种永磁同步电机声品质主观评价方法研究

对永磁同步电机的稳态信号声品质进行了分析,并以声压级、响度、尖锐度、语音清晰度、波动度、粗糙度和音调度作为评价指标,建立了永磁同步电机声品质评价体系.采用分组成对比较法进行了主观评价,通过Bradley-Terry算法对评价结果进行了优化处理,分别搭建多元线性回归预测模型和MPGA-RBF预测模型,通过预留的检验样本对...     

Research on the sound metric of door-slamming sound based on leaky integration and wavelet decomposition

The evaluation of the sound quality of door-slamming has become one of the important issues in vehicle noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) analysis. For the sound quality evaluation of door-slamming, a new sound metric, named as sound metric based on critical band wavelet decomposition (SMCBWD), is developed. In the new sound metric, the sound signals of door-slamming are sampled and the signal component of the door-slamming sound which has the great influence on the quality of door-slamming is extracted by using the leaky integration method. The extracted signal component is then decomposed by wavelets based on the critical bands and the coefficients of wavelet decomposition are calculated. Based on the energy of the frequency weighted wavelet decomposition coefficients, the new sound metric, SMCBWD, is calculated. In order to verify the effectiveness of SMCBWD, the correlation coefficients between the new sound metric and the subjective sound quality performance value of door-slamming, as well as between the traditional sound metrics (loudness, sharpness) and the subjective sound quality performance value of door-slamming have been calculated, respectively. The results show that the new sound metric developed in this paper has the higher correlations with the subjective sound quality performance value when compared with the traditional sound metric of loudness and sharpness. Thus, SMCBWD can be used to evaluate the sound quality of door-slamming more accurately.     

汽车声品质主客观评价方法研究

阐述了汽车产品开发过程中声品质主观评价方法的不足,介绍了各心理声学参数的应用。以10种类型轿车在不同车速下不同位置座椅处的耳旁噪声为评价对象,对车内噪声品质用成对比较法进行了主观评价试验;分析计算了各噪声样本的主要心理声学客观参数;在精确计算评价结果误判率的基础上,通过相关分析和多元回归分析,建立了匀速车内噪声主观偏好性与心理声学参数间的数学模型。研究结果表明,与轿车匀速车内噪声品质相关的主要心理声学参量根据车速的不同而不尽相同。