布袋装混凝土桩基在G215线大察高速公路察尔汗盐湖路段中的成功应用

盐湖地区修建高速公路,因构造物处在对混凝土有很强腐蚀性的重盐渍土(氯盐硫酸盐)路段,所以对构造物施工质量有很高的要求,也对施工质量管理形成了很大的挑战.就大察高速公路察尔汗盐湖(万丈盐桥)路段的桥梁防腐施工质量控制进行阐述.     

格茫公路盐渍土试验路施工技术控制

格茫公路地处重盐溃土地区,由于盐渍土具有特殊的物理化学性质,使该地区的公路经常发生翻浆等病害,严重影响交通运输和公路养护的正常运行.通过工程实践对盐渍土地区路基、路面、土工布施工及路基特殊处理等工艺进行分析,从施工方面有效控制盐渍土地区公路的施工质量,防止和减少翻浆等病害的发生,提高盐渍土地区道路使用功能.     

河西地区盐渍土路基综合处治技术体系与施工质量控制研究

通过对河西地区七瓜项目沿线盐渍土类型、分布特点、损坏特征及盐胀机理的分析,按照"防盐、隔盐与消胀"为一体处治思路,首次大面积采用反渗透脱盐净水技术、闷料及非盐砂砾土填料、"两布一膜"与未筛分碎石阻断层、消胀槽、桥涵台背回填、防排水及边坡防护等技术措施,提出了不同技术措施的作用机理、技术特点与施工质量控制要点,建立了河西地区盐渍土路基综合处治技术体系,为后期类似工程提供重要理论依据与技术支撑,具有积极行业示范效益与推广价值。     

某铁路专用线盐渍土路基地基处理措施探讨

盐渍土地区路基地基处理和路基病害防治措施是铁路设计、施工、运营各行业共同关注的重点问题。论文依托新疆地区某铁路专用线工程,对工程所在地区的盐渍土特性:盐胀性、溶陷性、湿陷性和毛细水作用进行了分析,并结合现场勘察和室内试验,认为工程所在区域受盐胀性、溶陷性和毛细水作用影响较强。最后结合盐渍土地区常见工程处理措施,提出工程所在区域的地基处理原则和措施,并对处理措施进行对比分析,提出工程所在区不同段落的地基处理措施。     

新型先张法台座的制作及张拉工艺改进

先张法施工采用的槽式台座和墩式台座成本高，难破除，复耕费用高。介绍了新型先张法台座的设计方案、制作工艺以及张拉工艺的改进。     

国道323线红砂岩路基填筑技术的探讨

在红砂岩地区的公路施工中最常遇到的问题是大量的红砂岩土因其材料本身的特殊性难以作为路基填筑材料而被丢弃。文中通过分析红砂岩的特性,就施工中采用何种设备及工艺对红砂岩进行处理,以确保填筑路基的稳定性进行了探讨,有效地解决红砂岩土利用难的问题。     

岩溶地区钻孔灌注桩施工技术探析

岩溶地区桩基施工存在溶洞多、卵石覆盖层厚(河床表面砂层薄)、汛期水位高、工期紧等增加施工难度的因素。以肇花高速为工程依托,通过深入分析岩溶区的地质及分布情况,提出了岩溶区桥梁桩基施工的总体方案,并详细探讨了岩溶地区钻孔灌注桩的施工工艺及施工质量控制要点,可供同类工程参考借鉴。     

高温蒸汽管道直埋的设计与施工

针对南方地下水位较高的地区土壤潮湿、盐碱性大的情况,提出了采用钢套管、复合保温结构的直埋方式,即以钢套管作为外保护层,蒸汽管道在套管内可以自由伸缩,钢套管在受热后不会老化、裂开以至漏水,内部蒸汽管道及保温材料的工作条件是稳定可靠的;提出了直埋蒸汽管道疏水的地面布置的新工艺,避免了传统的疏水井设置,极大地减少了工程量,对直埋施工提出了具体的注意事项,并借助工程实例,对保温材料的选用、保温层厚度及管道热补偿进行了具体的计算,阐明了在高地下水位地区高温蒸汽管道直埋的可行性。     

新技术新工艺

近日，西部交通建设科技项目《高海拔地区复杂地质条件下公路隧道设计与施工技术研究》在高海拔严寒地区节理裂隙岩体隧道以及高烈度地震区隧道的设计理论和施工技术方面取得新成果。     

划破长空 振翅高飞——鄂尔多斯市乌兰木伦河3号桥通车纪实

正九曲黄河奔腾蜿蜒,河套平原锦绣繁华,鄂尔多斯如一颗明珠镶嵌在祖国北疆大地上,承载着使命与期盼。广西路桥集团跨越两千多公里山川河流奔赴北疆,为少数民族地区筑起钢铁长虹。攻坚克难抢开局草浪滚滚,马嘶羊咩,乌兰木伦河3号桥所处的鄂尔多斯市属于温带大陆性半干旱气候,紫外线强度高,一年四季天气变化莫测:春大风、夏沙尘,秋暴雪、冬严寒。鄂尔多斯市为沉积盆地,地质较为复杂,桥梁下构施工难度大,加之开工便遭受突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情,项目建设遭遇"开局难"。     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

输油管道中原油乳状液的流变性研究

原油乳状液的流变性是原油开采后在管道中输送的重要研究方面,为了更好地研究这一性质,采用电动搅拌机、偏光显微镜以及流变仪等仪器来测定不同含水率的原油乳状液在不同条件下的黏度,观测不同含水率的原油乳状液在偏光显微镜下的形态。并且分别对原油乳状液的黏度与含水率之间的关系以及与剪切速率之间的关系进行研究,初步确定了所测区块原油乳状液的转相点以及该区块原油乳状液的流变特性,为生产中的油气集输提供了理论依据。     

Preliminary results of an analysis of areas of influence in Shanghai

The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda.     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。     

城市轨道交通杂散电流监测系统概述

介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.     

盾构隧道管片接头抗剪力学性能研究

通过对南京长江盾构隧道环向管片接头进行的三组原型抗剪(无螺栓剪切、有螺栓逆剪和有螺栓顺剪)加载试验,分析研究了管片接头在剪力作用下的受力、变形和破坏特征,给出了管片接头混凝土接触面的静摩擦系数,得到了接头剪力主要由混凝土接触面承担、破坏形式为连接斜螺栓剪切延性破坏的结论。通过对管片结构的有限元数值模拟计算得出:接头处的剪力与轴力比小于接缝面的摩擦系数,管片不会发生相互错动,结构是稳定的。     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.