基于FSA的航运公司安全风险评估

ISM规则2010年修正案对ISM规则进行了修正,其中一个重要的修正内容是要求公司在采取措施前对各类风险进行评估。结合在海运界已广泛运用的综合安全评估(简称FSA)方法来探讨航运公司安全风险评估的方法和途径。     

船舶操作风险评估浅析

2008年12月4日经85届海安会批准的ISM Code修正案于2010年7月1日生效.本次修正案的三个重要变化:明确安全管理目标要进行风险评估;预防措施的概念被明确地包括在规则中;每艘船舶和公司的内部审核周期不得大于12个月.修正案突出风险评估重要性,其中经修订的ISM规则1.2.2.2条要求"公司应评估对其船舶、人...     

对船舶风险评估的几点认识

国际海事组织(IMO)2008年12月召开的85届海安会,通过并批准的ISM规则修正案已于2010年7月1日生效,其中经修订的ISM规则1.2.2.2条要求"公司应评估对其船舶、人员和环境的所有已认定的风险,并规定相应的防范措施",从而明确要求将风险评估引入     

ISM规则的制定发展进程研究

为深入理解ISM规则的制订及发展进程,采用资料整理、归纳分析的方法梳理ISM规则产生的背景及形成过程,对ISM规则的历次修订进行归纳总结,并列出最新修订的ISM规则的主要内容。通过对ISM规则的制定过程研究,得出:ISM规则明晰了政府、企业和个人在航运过程中的责任和义务,强化了航运公司对船舶安全和防污染进行标准化管理。     

如何将风险理念引入安全管理体系

国际海事组织（IMO）在85届海安会批准的ISM规则修正案将于2010年7月1日生效．其中经修订的ISM规则1222条要求“公司应评估对其船舶、人员和环境的所有已认定的风险，并规定相应的防范措施”，从而明确要求将风险评估的理念引入安全管理体系。目前我国航运界大部分船舶管理公司对如何实施规则的该项要求没有充分的认识和准备．在7月1日前满足要求存在很大困难。     

ISM规则2010年修正案实施有效性量化分析

在分析海上安全基本要素结构的基础上,定性分析ISM规则对海上安全的影响,基于PSC数据的相关分析,确定ISM规则实施效果的评价指标,并通过决策树CHAID算法,构建ISM规则实施有效性评价模型,进而对ISM规则2010年修正案的实施效果进行评价。     

ISM规则实施中存在的问题及解决对策

本文对ISM规则进行了简单介绍,分析了ISM规则中存在的问题,最后提出了这些问题的解决对策,以促进ISM规则在我国更顺利的实施.     

警惕ISM规则变成“纸老虎”——USCG副司令官Brian Salerno

“歌诗达协和”号邮轮事故．暴露出ISM规则作为一个体系．并未在全球范围内平等运用．其效用“非常值得怀疑”。若要发挥ISM规则的效用，需要船东和船员同时认可和接受内部和外部文化。”歌诗达·协和”号邮轮事故得出最大教训是．     

ISM规则修正案的履约分析

文中分析了ISM规则的修订情况,从履约的角度分析了III CODE对ISM规则的审核范围和中国履行ISM规则所采取的措施,并就在履行ISM修正案过程中需要注意的问题提出了履约建议。     

ISM规则下有关船舶适航的法律适用问题

海事司法实务中,作为国际公约的ISM规则在国内适用,势必对船舶适航的认定产生重大影响。肯定了ISM规则对航行于国际航线的我国船舶适用所具备的条件,并阐明在船舶适航方面ISM规则适用的法律依据。     

Seafarers’ perceptions of competency in risk assessment and management: an empirical study

Past analysis of accident investigations suggest an absence of or inadequate practices of risk assessment and management on board vessels. Although the International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention (ISM Code) requires that the risk management process must not only be correctly formulated and implemented but also be periodically evaluated in order to verify that these objectives are attained, the correct and effective implementation and application of the process cannot be achieved without active involvement of competent seafarers on board. Due to the limited investigation of seafarers’ competencies in risk management, the reasons for the inadequacies in the process that are leading to accidents were not evident. Hence, using a survey, this paper conducted a pilot study investigating seafarers’ perceptions of competency in the various components of the risk management process conducted on board vessels. The findings of this paper suggest an overall satisfaction with the risk assessment process. However, there is certainly room for improvement as far as seafarers’ performance is concerned. The findings of this paper provided valuable insights into the current training regimes in the area of risk assessment and management paving the way towards enhanced safety procedures on board vessels.     

非体系航运企业标准化安全制度建设的几点思考

文中针对目前我国非体系航运企业和船舶的基本状况找出了在安全生产过程中存在的主要问题,认为建立健全非体系航运企业安全制度是提高管理水平的关键,运用安全管理体系理念建设非体系航运企业是解决安全生产问题的突破点。     

Residual stress measurement in an extra thick multi-pass weld using initial stress integrated inherent strain method

Residual stresses existing in a multi-pass butt joint with a thickness of 70 mm, using a flux-cored arc welding process, were measured by an inherent strain method (ISM). Since such a thick plate before welding contains a large amount of initial residual stresses (−300 to +100 MPa), the initial stresses were integrated with conventional ISM in order to determine the total residual stresses in a welded joint. Two methods named as initial stress integrated ISM and initial inherent strain integrated ISM were suggested for the consideration of the initial stress distributions through the thickness of base plates. The results show that there is a significant difference between the integrated ISM with initial stresses or initial inherent strain and the conventional ISM without initial stresses. The residual stresses measured by any of the initial stress integrated ISM and initial inherent strain integrated ISM agreed well with the neutron diffraction measurement. Thus, the proposed initial stress integrated ISM is a proper destructive measurement method in the case of thick weld joints.     

运行ISM规则对船长管理素质要求的思考

ISM规则的强制实施,促使船舶的安全管理从原来的注重船舶硬件向管理软件转变,这对船长的管理素质提出了更高的要求。通过实施ISM规则对船长应具备的管理基本素质和技能的要求进行探讨,并提出提高船长管理素质的途径和方法的思考。     

香港地区实施ISM工作现状及思考

文中介绍了香港地区实施ISM规则(国际安全管理规则)机构、立法及实施的相关情况,着重分析了《香港商船(安全)条例》涉及ISM规则的有关规定和执行,总结了香港地区航运公司管理和实施ISM规则的特点,提出了国内ISM/NSM规则的实施及相关工作的建议。     

ISM Code implementation: an investigation of safety issues in the shipping industry

Acknowledging that shipping safety continues to be a major topic of interest in the maritime community, the present study attempts to identify the critical factors of International Safety Management (ISM) Code implementation, to identify the dimensions that describe whether the ISM Code has fulfilled its intended purpose as well as to assess their interrelationships. Moreover, the present study aims to explore whether the fulfillment of the Code’s intended purpose is associated with accident reduction. Evidence was drawn from a sample of 63 masters and chief officers who have hands-on onboard experience on ISM Code implementation and data were analyzed through the use of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), correlation analysis, and binomial logistic regression. Findings indicate that the critical factors of ISM Code implementation can be categorized in the crew-related and the company-related dimensions. Also, the fulfillment of the intended purpose of the ISM Code consists of the factors of safety management system efficiency and increased safety, which were also found to be significantly associated with the crew-related dimension of ISM Code implementation. Finally, results showed that both safety management system efficiency and increased safety increase the probability of accident reduction at the highest level.     

ISM Code对船舶保险除外责任的影响

ISM规则的实施不仅对航运业而且对船舶保险业产生了深远的影响。文中通过总结和介绍ISM规则实施和船舶保险除外责任的变化来诠释这种影响之大,进而从法律的角度提醒广大船公司要更加有效地运行安全与防污染管理体系,避免在船舶保险中出现不应有的损失。     

张力腿平台系泊风险评估方法研究

文章结合模糊综合评判法、层次分析法以及概率论提出了一种风险分析的评估方法,识别了系泊中的风险因素,建立完善了相应的风险评估指标体系,并将其应用于设计中或已服役作业的张力腿平台系泊风险评估。将不同风险评估结果视为风险的总体的随机样本,用概率论和置信区间对风险评估结果进行置信度评价。克服了单一评价方案主观性太强的弱点,使评价更具有客观性和可信性。经过分析和计算实例表明,该系泊风险评估方法是适用和有效的。利用获取的评价结果,识别设计或已建成服役的张力腿平台系泊风险指数高的风险因素,并采取有效措施,加强培训及时检修设备,以防止意外的发生。结合一型设计中的张力腿平台,应用文中提出的数值风险评估模型对该平台的系泊系统进行了风险评估。结果表明该方法可以对张力腿平台的系泊风险评估中的主观因素进行客观有效的评估。并可以推广应用于其他海上结构物的风险评估问题中。     

基于国际安全管理规则的安全管理观念和方法

分析ISM规则所创导的船舶安全管理观念的基本出发点和安全管理方法中的主要依据和具体方法,认为提高对ISM规则的理解和认识,可促进船舶安全和防污染工作的有效开展。