西宁市五一路路段交通组织优化设计

论文基于五一路路段调头区交通组织较混乱的现状,提出了三种路段交通组织优化设计方案,并通过VISSIM交通仿真软件进行评价,最后给出了建议方案。     

多车道高速公路改扩建施工区客货分离交通组织方案研究

交通组织作为高速公路改扩建期间的重要环节,对于保障改扩建期间行驶安全、降低流量损失具有重要的作用,是平衡旅客与高速公路运营主体利益的重要方式。本研究以沈阳至海口国家高速公路龙山至火村段高速公路改扩建工程为依托,充分考虑大车型对通行能力的影响,针对改扩建期间施工作业区出现的两幅车流单向通行和一幅车流双向通行情况,以车道限制不同车型运行为条件,设计不同工况下的交通组织方案。利用VISSIM仿真软件对不同工况下的交通组织方案进行仿真研究,分析得到多车道高速公路改扩建施工作业区道路通行能力最优的交通组织方案。     

TransCAD软件在城市单向交通组织方案中的验证应用

单向交通组织可以改善城市交通拥堵和提高路网利用率,因此,在交通组织管理方案实施前就应对其进行评价与完善,综合分析道路单向运行后的各交通参数,优化单向交通方案,是单向交通组织成功的必要前提。采用美国Caliper公司开发的交通软件TransCAD,对单向交通组织方案进行仿真,通过对比评价组织方案实施后的综合交通效益,确定单向交通组织方案的优劣。     

济青高速改扩建施工保通方案仿真与评价

为了满足日益增长的交通流量和社会经济发展需求,提高济青高速通行能力,济青高速公路改扩建施工。工程采用"两侧拼宽"的方式,将道路扩建为双向八车道高速公路。本文依托此工程,通过VISSIM软件对道路改扩建交通组织下交通流特性进行分析,基于交通流特性、考虑安全设施等其他因素建立评价模型,进行改扩建高速公路安全评价。     

考虑环保的交叉口综合待行区设置及综合评价

设置综合待行区的信号交叉口评价指标多以体现交通运行状态为主,难以体现交通环保的影响.本文通过实地调查,根据交叉口综合待行区设置条件和设置原理,在东西主干道上设置了综合待行区,运用VISSIM仿真软件输出相关数据值,选取了排队长度、平均信号控制延误、平均停车次数、一氧化碳、氮氧化物、总悬浮颗粒物作为评价指标,基于专家评分和优序图法对实际交叉口综合待行区设置前后进行综合评价,结果显示,设置综合待行区使得交叉口运行效率有所改善,但考虑环保后的评价结果有所下降.交叉口综合待行区的设置能够为分析解决交叉口交通问题提供借鉴.     

基于VISSIM仿真的交通组织优化研究

近年来,随着人民生活水平的提高,道路上的人流车流越来越多,所以各交叉口以及交叉口之间路段的交通流密度也在逐步增加,所以,如何发现所研究区域内的主要交通问题,并拟定出具有针对性的交通道路组织优化方案与措施,具有十分重要的意义。文章详细分析了影响城市平面交叉口车辆通行的因素,对交叉口的通行能力、饱和度、延误、排队长度等基本评价指标作出分析,最后选择焦作市某交叉口作为案例进行验证优化,提出三种优化方案,并运用VISSIM仿真软件对优化方案进行仿真评价。     

基于排队论模型的高速公路收费站通行能力研究

收费站是高速公路的瓶颈，研究其通行能力是客观评价高速公路收费站运营状态的依据，确保高速公路顺畅运行、充分发挥服务功能，能够指导高速公路收费站及时新增和改扩建。本文通过对车辆经过收费站的交通状态进行分析，以车辆分布特性和排队论分析为理论基础，采用理论模型优化与仿真分析相结合的方法对收费站通行能力进行研究，运用排队论等方法得出MTC、ETC车道的通行能力，构建出收费站系统的通行能力模型，最后以郑州东三环南站为原型进行VISSIM仿真模型的构建，对通行能力计算模型进行验证。     

重庆四公里立交至江南立交拥堵改造分析

文章主要探讨重庆四公里立交至江南立交拥堵改造设计,分析立交范围内交通运行特征及交通拥堵分布,深入剖析立交拥堵成因,结合分析结论将两座立交及相关设施视为统一整体进行交通组织设计,针对性地提出多项立交改造措施,同时依靠VISSIM交通仿真软件对现状和改造方案进行模拟及评价,为四公里立交至江南立交改造提供技术支持,也为城市立交拥堵改造提供参考。     

不同公交专用道设置对车辆尾气排放的仿真分析

交通拥堵和环境污染是城市交通稳定发展的制约因素。为研究城市公交专用道的设置对机动车尾气排放和交通流的影响,采用交通仿真系统VISSIM以及尾气排放模型MOVES搭建了公交专用道设置对机动车尾气排放影响的量化分析模型,以西安市南门到电视塔路段为研究对象,选用了三种不同的公交专用道设置方案:不设置专用道、路中式专用道、路侧式专用道,仿真分析设置不同公交专用道对机动车尾气排放的影响。结果表明:设置公交专用道后整个路网所有机动车的尾气排放总量都得到了明显的改善,路中式公交专用道的尾气排放量最少,路侧式次之,不设置公交专用道的尾气排放最大;针对整个路网而言,设置公交专用道后对交叉口行驶工况的排放改善要比其他路段的改善效果更为明显。     

基于VISSIM的高速公路隧道交通事故影响仿真分析

为了研究高速公路长大隧道内交通事故影响程度,文章以江西省第一长隧道九岭山隧道为研究对象,通过VISSIM交通仿真软件建立交通仿真模型,在设置不同等级的交通流量以及大货车交通比例的条件下,仿真获得高速公路长大隧道交通事故发生后车辆排队长度以及延误时间,用以分析高速公路隧道内交通事故对隧道通行能力的影响,以更大程度上实现高速公路隧道安全行车。     

基于VISSIM的平面交叉口交通仿真与改善研究

平面交叉口是交通系统中极易发生拥堵的地方,运用先进的仿真软件VISSIM对交叉口进行改善设计具有较强的优势。文章在分析VIS-SIM仿真软件原理的基础上,提出了平面交叉口的改善方法,并以兰州市建宁路与宝石花路交叉口为例进行了交叉口改善与仿真分析。研究结论对城市平面交叉口改善设计具有一定的借鉴意义。     

A network wide simulation strategy of alternative fuel vehicles

This paper presents an integrated simulator “CUIntegration” to evaluate routing strategies based on energy and/or traffic measures of effectiveness for any Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFVs). The CUIntegration can integrate vehicle models of conventional vehicles as well as AFVs developed with MATLAB-Simulink, and a roadway network model developed with traffic microscopic simulation software VISSIM. The architecture of this simulator is discussed in this paper along with a case study in which the simulator was utilized for evaluating a routing strategy for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) and Electric Vehicles (EVs). The authors developed a route optimization algorithm to guide an AFV based on that AFV driver’s choice, which included; finding a route with minimum (1) travel time, (2) energy consumption or (3) a combination of both. The Application Programming Interface (API) was developed using Visual Basic to simulate the vehicle models/algorithms developed in MATLAB and direct vehicles in a roadway network model developed in VISSIM accordingly. The case study included a section of Interstate 83 in Baltimore, Maryland, which was modeled, calibrated and validated. The authors considered a worst-case scenario with an incident on the main route blocking all lanes for 30 min. The PHEVs and EVs were represented by integrating the MATLAB-Simulink vehicle models with the traffic simulator. The CUIntegration successfully combined vehicle models with a roadway traffic network model to support a routing strategy for PHEVs and EVs. Simulation experiments with CUIntegration revealed that routing of PHEVs resulted in cost savings of about 29% when optimized for the energy consumption, and for the same optimization objective, routing of EVs resulted in about 64% savings.     

基于VISSIM的城市非互通式立体交叉口交通拥堵改善研究

文章分析了城市非互通式立体交叉口存在的问题及其成因,并以甘肃省兰州市北滨河路和城关黄河大桥立交为实例,提出了四种改善方案,同时运用VIS-SIM仿真软件对所提出的改善方案进行模拟和对比,得出最优的改善方案,为非互通式立交交通改善提供理论依据。     

菜市口交叉口信号配时优化及仿真验证分析

文章针对菜市口(宣武门外大街口)交叉口现有的交通状况和存在的问题,利用经典的Webster法对交叉口进行重新配时,并且根据交叉口的交通流特点,对改善后的配时方案设计了相位间的迟起早断控制。同时运用VISSIM软件,以平均延误和平均排队长度为评价指标对各个方案进行仿真验证。输出的数据结果表明:优化的配时方案能有效地减少车辆延误和平均停车时间。     

Classification modeling approach for vehicle dynamics model‐integrated traffic simulation assessing surrogate safety

To assess safety impacts of untried traffic control strategies, an earlier study developed a vehicle dynamics model‐integrated (i.e., VISSIM‐CarSim‐SSAM) simulation approach and evaluated its performance using surrogate safety measures. Although the study found that the integrated simulation approach was a superior alternative to existing approaches in assessing surrogate safety, the computation time required for the implementation of the integrated simulation approach prevents it from using it in practice. Thus, this study developed and evaluated two types of models that could replace the integrated simulation approach with much faster computation time, feasible for real‐time implementation. The two models are as follows: (i) a statistical model (i.e., logit model) and (ii) a nonparametric approach (i.e., artificial neural network). The logit model and the neural network model were developed and trained on the basis of three simulation data sets obtained from the VISSIM‐CarSim‐SSAM integrated simulation approach, and their performances were compared in terms of the prediction accuracy. These two models were evaluated using six new simulation data sets. The results indicated that the neural network approach showing 97.7% prediction accuracy was superior to the logit model with 85.9% prediction accuracy. In addition, the correlation analysis results between the traffic conflicts obtained from the neural network approach and the actual traffic crash data collected in the field indicated a statistically significant relationship (i.e., 0.68 correlation coefficient) between them. This correlation strength is higher than that of the VISSIM only (i.e., the state of practice) simulation approach. The study results indicated that the neural network approach is not only a time‐efficient way to implementing the VISSIM‐CarSim‐SSAM integrated simulation but also a superior alternative in assessing surrogate safety. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Estimating link travel time functions for heterogeneous traffic flows on freeways

Oversized vehicles, such as trucks, significantly contribute to traffic delays on freeways. Heterogeneous traffic populations, that is, those consisting of multiple vehicles types, can exhibit more complicated travel behaviors in the operating speed and performance, depending on the traffic volume as well as the proportions of vehicle types. In order to estimate the component travel time functions for heterogeneous traffic flows on a freeway, this study develops a microscopic traffic‐simulation based four‐step method. A piecewise continuous function is proposed for each vehicle type and its parameters are estimated using the traffic data generated by a microscopic traffic simulation model. The illustrated experiments based on VISSIM model indicate that (i) in addition to traffic volume, traffic composition has significant influence on the travel time of vehicles and (ii) the respective estimations for travel time of heterogeneous flows could greatly improve their estimation accuracy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An optimal variable speed limits system to ameliorate traffic safety risk

Active Traffic Management (ATM) systems have been emerging in recent years in the US and Europe. They provide control strategies to improve traffic flow and reduce congestion on freeways. This study investigates the feasibility of utilizing a Variable Speed Limits (VSL) system, one key part of ATM, to improve traffic safety on freeways. A proactive traffic safety improvement VSL control algorithm is proposed. First, an extension of the METANET (METANET: A macroscopic simulation program for motorway networks) traffic flow model is employed to analyze VSL’s impact on traffic flow. Then, a real-time crash risk evaluation model is estimated for the purpose of quantifying crash risk. Finally, optimal VSL control strategies are achieved by employing an optimization technique to minimize the total crash risk along the VSL implementation corridor. Constraints are setup to limit the increase of average travel time and the differences of the posted speed limits temporarily and spatially. This novel VSL control algorithm can proactively reduce crash risk and therefore improve traffic safety. The proposed VSL control algorithm is implemented and tested for a mountainous freeway bottleneck area through the micro-simulation software VISSIM. Safety impacts of the VSL system are quantified as crash risk improvements and speed homogeneity improvements. Moreover, three different driver compliance levels are modeled in VISSIM to monitor the sensitivity of VSL effects on driver compliance. Conclusions demonstrated that the proposed VSL system could improve traffic safety by decreasing crash risk and enhancing speed homogeneity under both the high and moderate compliance levels; while the VSL system fails to significantly enhance traffic safety under the low compliance scenario. Finally, future implementation suggestions of the VSL control strategies and related research topics are also discussed.     

Evaluation of travel demand strategies: a microscopic traffic simulation approach

This research investigates the design and impact of a new travel demand management approach, namely the Downtown Space Reservation System (DSRS), using a microscopic traffic simulation approach executed in VISSIM. The DSRS is part of a Travel Demand Management strategy that is designed to mitigate traffic congestion in a downtown urban setting. The simulation is conducted according to an experimental design procedure for a revised road network representing downtown Boise, Idaho. The issues that are tested in the simulation include: (1) whether the DSRS improves traffic performance when compared with the case without the DSRS; (2) how the DSRS performs compared with a reservation system that uses a First Come First Serve principle; and (3) how the specific DSRS parameters (such as, the relative importance of throughput versus revenue generation) influence network system performance. Conclusions and future research recommendations are provided based on the insights from the simulation modeling work.     

Truck parking in urban areas: Application of choice modelling within traffic microsimulation

Urban truck parking policies include time restrictions, pricing policies, space management and enforcement. This paper develops a method for investigating the potential impact of truck parking policy in urban areas. An econometric parking choice model is developed that accounts for parking type and location. A traffic simulation module is developed that incorporates the parking choice model to select suitable parking facilities/locations. The models are demonstrated to evaluate the impact of dedicating on-street parking in a busy street system in the Toronto CBD. The results of the study show lower mean searching time for freight vehicles when some streets are reserved for freight parking, accompanied by higher search and walking times for passenger vehicles.