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城市公共交通系统出行信息需求分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
<正>近年来,"公交优先"的理念在交通规划、交通管理与控制等领域已经得到充分体现,如何提高公共交通系统的服务水平也受到更多关注。在欧美,公共交通的出行信息服务日益得到了研究者和决策者的重视,通过大规模出行调查分析了公共交通系统的出行信息需求和支付意愿水平,并开发了相应的公众出行信息服务系统,已取得了明显的社会和经济效益。在我国还缺乏对城市公共 相似文献
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公共交通设施的供需匹配程度对整个交通系统的服务效率与服务水平产生极大影响。基于经济学中供需关系的理念,以上海市嘉定区公共交通服务设施为例,利用手机信令数据,提出区域公共交通服务设施分布的供需平衡的评价方法。使用洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数的方法对公共交通服务设施水平和手机信令数据表征的出行人口需求水平进行供需匹配程度评价。使用区位熵进行匹配程度的空间分析。研究表明:嘉定区公共交通供需匹配较差,资源分配基尼系数不到0.3;从区位上分析,呈现出人均资源由东北向西南方向递减的情况。最后针对轨道交通与常规公交分别给出具体建议,为各大城市内部及城市间的公交供需评价提供参考。 相似文献
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《综合运输》2015,(8)
本文梳理韩国首尔市在公共交通领域进行的改革实践,从促进交通可持续发展的视角总结首尔市城市交通发展经验,为我国缓解城市交通拥堵和公共交通发展提供借鉴。韩国首尔市公共交通系统的改革,将为公众提供便利交通作为出发点,通过提升公共交通服务水平和运行效率,提高公共交通出行的便捷性和吸引力,从而引导人们交通出行方式的改变。首尔市在完善公交管理体制的基础上,通过调整路网布局,引进先进IT技术,完善基础设施,政策扶持等手段,推动了交通系统的可持续发展,并已初步取得一定成效,实现了从"以车为本"向"以人为本"的转型。同时,首尔市交通改革过程中十分重视公众参与和公众监督,从而能够获取更多公众需求,并确保改革顺利推进。最后,本文探讨了首尔市城市公共交通系统管理模式对我国交通可持续发展的借鉴和启示。 相似文献
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针对老年人下肢行动功能衰退的问题,提出通用设计理念与SAEA模块化功能设计方法的研究思路,及辅助型轮椅的创新设计成果。利用STS生物力学实验法分析老年人使用轮椅过程中的问题,采用调研法分析下肢行动不便的老年人对辅助出行产品的需求重点,作为辅助型轮椅开发研究的切入点;通过SAEA模块化设计矩阵形式逐级解决辅助出行产品开发对用户需求及服务功能的方案,以通用设计思维模式对SAEA模块化设计矩阵分析成果进行方案优化;用计算机辅助设计看板模型整合最终方案,完成多功能辅助型轮椅设计成果。结论表明以通用设计理念对老年人辅助型轮椅开发进行STS实验和SAEA模块化研究所获得数据成果,可以为老年人辅助出行产品的研发提供技术参考及理论依据。 相似文献
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Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD). An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip. It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links. 相似文献
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《Transportation Research Part A: General》1991,25(6):407-418
The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda. 相似文献
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明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。 相似文献
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介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。 相似文献
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天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本. 相似文献
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This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress. 相似文献
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Joseph N. Prashker 《Transportation》1979,8(4):329-346
Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area. 相似文献