点焊参数对高强不锈钢焊点的影响

为了研究电阻点焊参数对高强不锈钢的焊点强度的影响,选用日本SUS301L系列材料,采用拉伸试验和断面试验方法研究了焊点强度、焊核直径。试验结果表明,焊点强度满足要求,熔核尺寸符合要求。对奥氏体高强不锈钢而言,在压力一定时,电阻点焊拉伸强度随电流和焊接周波增加而增加。采用大电流、短时间的焊接参数是较为合适的规范。     

车门开闭耐久仿真分析研究及优化

针对在车门开闭耐久试验过程中,某样车车门出现的焊点疲劳开裂问题,在考虑铰链连接、密封条连接及焊点细化建模的前提下,建立车门开闭耐久仿真有限元模型;根据Miner线性疲劳累计损伤理论,对车门开闭模型进行疲劳仿真分析,找出结构设计的风险点。在此基础上,提出优化方案,进行仿真疲劳寿命预测,最终通过试验验证了优化方案的有效性。提出了一种针对车门开闭耐久试验中焊点开裂的疲劳分析优化方法,可以在产品设计开发阶段,准确地发现问题并快速解决问题,可以缩短开发周期,节省开发费用,具有一定的工程实用价值。     

U肋-面板全熔透焊接接头疲劳性能试验

正交异性桥面板U肋-面板焊接接头为疲劳裂纹多发部位,为了提高U肋-面板焊接接头疲劳性能,分析目前规范中对该构造细节的疲劳设计要求以及疲劳问题依然存在的原因,在目前主要采用部分熔透焊形式的背景下,考虑引入全熔透焊接以期达到提高疲劳性能的目的。研究围绕一种全新的U肋-面板全熔透焊接接头的疲劳性能分别开展构造细节和节段足尺模型试验研究。试验结果表明：全熔透疲劳裂纹都是始于U肋内侧焊趾处,沿着U肋腹板厚度方向发展,部分熔透焊裂纹主要始于未熔透焊缝的焊根部位,沿焊喉方向发展,直至贯通整个焊喉,且在同样加载条件下,全熔透焊裂纹产生的加载次数明显高于部分熔透焊;全熔透焊的热点应力试验测试值与理论计算值基本一致,U肋焊趾部位应力集中明显,内侧受拉外侧受压,解释了疲劳裂纹起始点为U肋焊趾内侧;经回归计算得到热点应力疲劳强度为263.8 MPa;将足尺节段疲劳试验加载幅度对应的加载次数换算为公路桥梁规范单车轮轮载60 kN所对应的加载次数,2个试件加载次数都超过1.2亿次,且U肋-面板全熔透焊接接头依然没有疲劳裂纹产生,表明U肋-面板全熔透焊接接头具备优良的抗疲劳性能。     

热点应力法在汽车驱动桥焊接强度耐久性分析中的应用

针对汽车驱动桥焊接桥壳结构特点,采用热点应力法及CAE技术对其焊接结构强度耐久性进行了模拟分析。为验证热点应力法模拟焊接结构的有效性,对3种标准焊接件、2种驱动桥桥壳焊接部位的强度和耐久性进行了试验与模拟对比分析,结果表明,该方法对焊接部位关键点应力的模拟有效性达70%以上,焊接部位的耐久性模拟寿命均值与试验结果量级相当。     

Fatigue strength assessment including welding residual stress of spot welded joints subjected to cross-tension loads

This paper presents a method to assess of fatigue strength for resistance spot welded joints, which incorporates welding residual stress effects. To achieve this, first, a non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to simulate the spot-welding process. To validate the FEA results, the numerically calculated welding residual stresses of spot welds were then compared with experimental results measured by X-ray diffraction method. The residual stress distributions showed good agreement between calculations and experiments. To evaluate the effects of welding residual stress on the fatigue design criterion of resistance spot welded joints subjected to cross-tension load, the stress amplitude (σ_a-res) taking into account welding residual stress at a spot weld was proposed based on a modified Goodman equation incorporating the residual stress effect. Using the stress amplitude σ_a-res at the nugget edge of a spot weld, the ΔP ? N_f relations obtained as the fatigue test results for spot welded joints were systematically rearranged to the σ_a-res ? N_f relation. It was found that the proposed stress amplitude (σ_a-res) provides more reasonable and accurate fatigue design criterion of spot welded joints subjected to cross-tension load.     

电磁加压点焊微机控制系统研究

本研究了可实现电磁加压的点焊微机控制系统，不仅能对焊接电流予以调制，而且能对焊接压力进行调制，并给出了不同形式的变和曲线。同时，能方便灵活地使电流与压力适当配合组成最佳焊接循环，以满足不同材料的点焊工艺要点。     

Effects of residual stresses on the static and fatigue strength of laser-welded lap joints with different welding speeds

This study was conducted to determine whether the different residual stresses caused by different welding speeds affect the static and fatigue strength of laser-welded lap joints. Residual stresses in STS301L laser-welded lap joints of different thicknesses under two laser-welding speed conditions, 4.1 m/min and 5.1 m/min, were evaluated with the incremental hole-drilling strain gage method at the middle of the heat-affected zone (HAZ). Then, static and fatigue tests were performed. The results show that higher static and fatigue strengths were obtained from the specimens welded with a 4.1 m/min welding speed than from the specimens welded at 5.1 m/min. The main difference was due to the compressive principal residual stress magnitude and its orientation near the HAZ. Also, the micro-hardness profile along the failure interface was measured to verify the static and fatigue failure behavior.     

自冲铆接技术在汽车车身轻量化中的应用

阐述了自冲铆接技术的概念、类型、工艺原理以及自冲铆接技术在汽车车身制造中的应用。对自冲铆接技术与电阻点焊技术连接质量的比较表明，凡是难于进行焊接的连接件均可采用自冲铆接技术，且自冲铆接件的疲劳强度高于焊接件。介绍了半空心铆钉的自冲铆接工艺在车身制造中的应用情况及其铆接质量的评价方法。     

一种新的适合于铝合金点焊的电流控制法

在分析铝合金点焊过程中电极烧损与飞溅机理的基础上，提出了一种新的电流控制法，在这种控制法中电流分为焊接状态稳定化脉冲和焊接脉冲，前是几个不连续的小幅值电流脉冲，主要是使表面接触均匀化，接触电阻稳定在一个较小值，后的作用是加热工件，形成熔核，试验表明，该控制法可以有效地减少飞溅的发生，使电极的烧损变慢，变均匀，在连续点焊中还可以提高焊点质量的稳定性并降低对工件表面处理质量的要求。     

车身镀锌板点焊工艺

采用镀锌板可以有效地提高汽车车身的防腐性能,延长汽车使用寿命,文章针对镀锌板点焊过程中焊点粘铜、开焊、飞溅及电极磨损等问题进行了工艺分析。主要通过进行二次脉冲分析试验、电极帽材质的更换、循环水系统的改进以及中频焊设备的引进等方法提升焊接质量。试验证明,经过工艺改进可以减少焊点粘铜和飞溅、有效缓解主缆过热现象以及提高电极使用寿命等。随着镀锌板在汽车业的广泛采用,新的点焊工艺也需不断研究和开发。     

搅拌摩擦点焊技术及在汽车工业应用前景

搅拌摩擦点焊(FSSW)技术是在“线性”搅拌摩擦焊接(FSW)基础上开发的一种新的焊接技术。在焊接铝、镁等轻合金方面,FSSW与传统电阻点焊相比具有焊点强度高、质量好、工艺简单、焊接工具寿命长、节省能源及成本低等优势。对搅拌摩擦点焊的基本原理、工艺特点及在汽车工业中的应用现状及前景进行了阐述。     

液力变矩器焊接的数值模拟和质量控制

对液力变矩器的制造精和质量要求很高，焊后必须保证产品的尺寸精度，并要进行疲 试验以考虑焊缝的强度。通过分析计算，可以预测各种条件对焊接变形的影响；发现疲劳承载时的最危险断面在不在焊缝处，而是在上盖板的弯角处。     

大跨径斜拉桥钢结构疲劳监测与评估

以某大跨径斜拉桥为研究背景,基于钢箱梁的定期检测结果,研究了该斜拉桥的钢结构疲劳性能。在疲劳开裂较严重的顶板与U肋焊接细节、关键受力部位的底板与U肋焊接细节、索梁锚固区焊接细节布置传感器,测试各主要焊接细节的疲劳应力历程,基于雨流计数法获得疲劳应力谱。分析结果表明:苏通大桥目前的交通流量远大于2010年前的交通流量;钢箱梁底板与U肋焊接细节、索梁锚固区锚固板与外腹板焊接细节的疲劳寿命评估结果大于设计使用年限;若不计焊接初始缺陷与焊接残余应力,顶板与U肋焊接细节不会过早地发生疲劳破坏。     

Prediction of failure characteristics of spot welds of DP and trip steels with an equivalent strength failure model

This paper proposes a new equivalent failure strength model for spot welds under combined axial and shear loading. To evaluate the pure-shear strength of spot welds fabricated under the same welding conditions with a two-layered lap joint, a test fixture and a specimen were newly designed and proposed. The failure tests of spot welds of TRIP590 1.2t, DP780 1.0t, DP780 1.2t, and DP980 1.2t were carried out at seven different loading angles ranging from 0° to 90° at an internal angle of 15° to obtain the failure loads. The failure loads obtained from the experiments were utilized to construct the failure criterion and thus describe the failure behavior of spot welds in the crash analysis or strength analysis of an auto-body. It is noted that the value of β in the failure criterion for spot welds of AHSS is different from the values of conventional steels. The new equivalent failure strength model proposed in this paper was derived from the failure test results to provide a representative failure model that can be used to accurately compare the failure characteristics of different materials under the same conditions.     

两轮摩托车车架疲劳强度试验及试验设备

车架疲劳强度试验,是把车架这一特定的部件从整车系统中分离出来,在台架上进行疲劳强度试验,优点在于:试验方便,成本低;能精确、直观地反映车架的结构设计水平、材料和焊接工艺质量水平;可与项目的开发工作同时进行,大大缩短了产品的开发周期和新品上市时间, 降低了开发风险。     

Fatigue design approach for the spot-welded T-type member using a simulated single spot-welded joint

In order to develop a fatigue design method for actual railroad car and commercial vehicle body structures using the fatigue data of simulated single spot-welded lap joints, we first analyzed the stress distribution and evaluated fatigue strength of spot-welded T-type members that are the components of actual railroad car and commercial vehicle body structures. Next, fatigue design approach of these members using the fatigue data of single spot-welded lap joints was investigated. From our results, we found that, even though there was a quantitative difference of fatigue strength between the single spot-welded joint and the actual members over the same number of fatigue cycles, through the use of appropriate correction, the fatigue design criterion of actual spot-welded members, such as those used in railroad car and commercial vehicle body, can be predicted using the fatigue strength of single spot-welded joint.     

车身结构中焊点疲劳寿命预估

采用焊点疲劳寿命预估方法,通过有限元分析并结合应力计算,即可计算出实际载荷工况下的焊点疲劳损伤。采用该方法对某轿车B柱结构焊点的寿命进行了预估,得出了各焊点的损伤和寿命分布情况,并预测出发生失效的部位为B柱与上横梁相交处,预测结果与实际发生的损坏部位一致。     

铝合金点焊接头疲劳性能研究及寿命分析

为了支持多环形纹路表面电极帽式铝合金点焊接头在车辆正向开发中的设计应用,设计并开展了一系列的铝合金点焊接头疲劳试验研究和疲劳寿命预测方法研究。过程中获得了点焊接头的载荷-寿命对应关系,总结了铝合金点焊接头疲劳强度受载荷方向、母材强度及厚度等因素影响的普遍规律,分析了铝合金点焊接头的疲劳失效破坏模式,并提出了评价铝合金点焊接头疲劳寿命的S-N曲线,可以有效指导铝合金点焊接头的抗疲劳设计开发工作。     

13t单级减速驱动桥总成疲劳试验研究

通过模拟车桥的工况及参考IV ECO16-5220车桥总成疲劳试验的方法,对车桥总成进行疲劳试验。确定施加不同扭矩值时主减速器和差速器等部件的强度极限,由此确定车桥总成的疲劳寿命,从而得出汽车车桥总成的安全系数,为车桥的设计、生产提供可靠的依据。     

离子注入钨的镀锌钢板点焊电极寿命试验研究

通过分析镀锌钢板点焊电极寿命降低的原因，提出了提高镀锌钢板点焊电极寿命的离子注入钨的方法。采用离子注入钨方法在点焊电极工作端面注入钨以改善电极性能。进行了离子注入钨前、后的点焊电极寿命试验研究，测试了离子注入钨前、后的点焊电极显微硬盘。试验结果表明，离子注入钨的电极寿命由原来的600点左右提高到800点左右，点焊飞溅现象减少，改善了焊点表面质量。