船用柴油机与SCR适配性试验研究

本文针对某型船用柴油机与SCR的适配性进行试验研究,该型柴油机与SCR的匹配试验显示SCR转化率不足,无法满足要求。分析SCR转化率不足的原因是柴油机排温不足,通过增加排温调节装置,提升柴油机排温,使SCR转化率满足要求,且没有对经济性造成明显的影响,柴油机与SCR匹配良好。     

柴油机单缸排温异常故障分析与排除

本文通过对某柴油机单缸排温异常的分析和检查,找出导致排温异常的原因,并进行了故障排除,提出了管理要点。     

某船主机单缸排温偏差故障实例

正0引言某船主机型号为BW 6S50MC-C,额定转速127 r/min,营运转速105 r/min。在某航次至董家口途中,主机No.4缸排温突降,发生排温偏差报警导致主机自动降速。1故障现象主机在105 r/min转速运行时,No.4缸排温偏差报警,排温由原来的330℃左右下降到280℃,且仍在继续下降,不久后主机自动降速。在"Slow"运行过程中,初步检查该缸燃油泵及喷油器运行状况,     

MC轮发电柴油机排气温度高的 原因分析及改进措施

船舶发电柴油机为全船用电设备提供正常营运生产所需要的电能,其工作时容易发生排气温度升高现象,易引起一系列故障,从而影响发电柴油机的使用寿命和船舶安全。本文从影响排温的几大因素出发,排查出MC轮发电柴油机排温升高的原因,进一步分析喷嘴环冲蚀的原因,并提出改进措施。     

主柴油机气缸排温偏低故障分析

本文分析了MITSUI－MANB＆WD．ESL42MC型柴油机气缸排温偏低的故障机理，同时提供了主机安全保护系统的各项重要物理参数。     

某船主机排温显示异常故障排除解析

某船修后航行试验时发现主机各缸排温显示混乱,部分缸排温呈现负增长,与实际不符,无法判断主机各缸工作状态。为排除故障,文章重新拆除校准热电偶,排除了热电偶至排温显示仪的线路短路、断路、接地故障,并结合热电偶和补偿导线的工作原理进行分析,最终查明故障原因,经航行试验验证,成功解决主机排温显示异常的故障。     

船用发电柴油机排气阀三维稳态温度场分析

分析某船用发电柴油机排气阀的工作环境及失效机理,建立柴油机排气阀的传热边界条件,结合ANSYS有限元分析软件,得出了排气门工作时的稳态温度场分布,为相关故障诊断提供参考依据。     

船舶柴油机注汽涡轮增压系统

为了改善涡轮增压柴油机在低工况运行时,会出现增压压力不足、燃烧过量空气系数小和废气排温较高等固有特性,提出了一种利用增压器废气余热产生水蒸汽,并注入涡轮来提高增压器的压比和空气量的新方法。这种新方法可以改善涡轮增压器与柴油机的匹配,从而可提高柴油机的性能。试验结果证实了该方法的有效性。     

MWM TBD234柴油机舰用化性能改进研究

针对TBD234V8柴油机舰用化过程中,燃油消耗率和排温超标的问题,开展了理论和实验研究.利用计算机仿真技术,研究了涡轮增压器截面积、喷油提前角对柴油机性能的影响,通过试验研究确定优化后的喷油提前角为24.5°+0.5°,喷咀环截面积为27 cm2.     

电脑仿真技术引入船舶主机性能测试的研究

针对船舶主柴油机转速传感器性能指标测试必要性和传统测试仪的局限性,引入实用而高效分布式智能监控系统,发挥集中管理、分散控制优势。智能型船舶主柴油机电脑监控系统,可以对主柴油机的性能测试中的转速、油耗、油压、水温、油温、扭矩、排温等多种物理参数进行自动采集显示,一次可同时测试多个工况。为船舶轮机管理人员提供了检测精度高、速度快且劳动强度低的智能化设备。     

Experimental uncertainty of a physical model of a tanker moored to a terminal in a port

This paper presents the uncertainty modelling of experimental results for a physical model of a tanker moored to a terminal inside a port. The physical model was built for an oil terminal at the port of Leixões in Portugal. The model incorporates the new modified port layout, as well as a future 300 m extension of the port outer north breakwater to enhance operational conditions. The physical model tests were performed on a scale of 1:80 in the Portuguese Civil Engineering Laboratory (LNEC). A generic mooring system of four mooring lines and two fenders is simulated using a nonlinear spring system. Decay tests are carried out to evaluate the natural periods of the moored model. Then, tests are carried out for the moored model in waves. The major aim of the experimental study is to obtain novel results for the wave elevation and direction at various locations inside the port, the ship motions at six degrees of freedom, and loads on mooring lines and fenders including the modified port layout. As the physical model measurements are subjected to different types of uncertainties, a systematic uncertainty analysis is carried out here, following ITTC guidelines and recommendations, to quantify all possible sources of uncertainties. The results are discussed, and several conclusions are reached. Based on the experimental results, the presented physical model study may replicate the results for waves and motions with uncertainties less than 9% of the significant amplitudes. The assessment of the applied nonlinear spring model reveals load predictions on the moorings, with uncertainties less than 4% of the maximum mooring loads.     

电缆燃烧性能的实验与仿真研究

在剖析电缆火灾原因的基础上,利用实验方法对阻燃电缆的阻燃性能进行了研究,得出了其在火焰中具有良好的抗火能力;之后利用破坏性实验进一步证明了阻燃电缆的良好抗火性能;然后利用FDS火灾模拟软件对无电缆参与的火灾和有电缆参与的火灾进行了仿真研究,得出了电缆在火灾中是否被引燃主要取决于是否与火焰直接接触的结论;最后,建议人们在电缆防火设计时,重点关注那些容易接触火焰的电缆。     

船用柴油发电机模拟机的设计

柴油发电机是舰船上重要的电源装置,它的性能直接影响到船上的电力系统性能。本文以某船用12相、8极柴油发电机为原型,详细阐述了其模拟机的设计方法。其模拟机的研制,对船上电力系统动态模拟和研究、船用柴油发电机的设计和研制提供了新的手段。     

一种异步电动机故障诊断系统设计

文章分析了传统故障诊断系统的特点,介绍了一种高分辨率谱估计算法-MUSIC算法,并针对该算法特点,提出了一种基于ARM微处理器的异步电动机嵌入式故障诊断系统,重点阐述了系统硬件电路和软件系统的设计,并进行了实验验证。结果表明系统具有硬件电路简单、可操作性较强、实时性可靠等优点。     

Characteristics of a bubble jet near a vertical wall

A numerical model of a coupled bubble jet and wall was built on the assumption of potential flow and calculated by the boundary integral method. A three-dimensional computing program was then developed. Starting with the basic phenomenon of the interaction between a bubble and a wall, the dynamics of bubbles near rigid walls were studied systematically with the program. Calculated results agreed well with experimental results. The relationship between the Bjerknes effect of a wall and characteristic parameters was then studied and the calculated results of various cases were compared and discussed with the Blake criterion based on the Kelvin-impulse theory. Our analyses show that the angle of the jet＇s direction and the pressure on the rigid wall have a close relationship with collapse force and the bubble＇s characteristic parameters. From this, the application range of Blake criterion can be determined. This paper aims to provide a basis for future research on the dynamics of bubbles near a wall.     

Study of a simple sensor for stress history measurements of a structural member using a piezoelectric element

This paper describes a stress sensor using a piezoelectric element which was developed to monitor features of the stress history of a structural member. The sensor is 90 mm long, 60 mm wide, and 25 mm thick. A stress-level meter can turn on and off different colored light-emitting diodes (LED) according to the changes in a stress level. A stress-level cross counter can display the number of cycles which exceeds a specified stress level during a monitoring period. The sensor is bonded onto a structural member using an adhesive agent. In order to see the performance of the prototype sensor, experiments were carried out using a fatigue-testing machine. The sensor was bonded onto a smooth specimen and multiple repeated stresses were applied to that specimen. There were three main findings. (1) The sensor can operate under a stress range from −150 MPa to 150 MPa, and a frequency from 0.05 Hz to 5 Hz. (2) The stress-level meter can turn the lights of the LED on and off accurately under any stress amplitude and frequency. (3) When the stress frequency is 1 Hz or less, the stress-level cross counter can count accurately the number of cycles which exceed the predetermined stress levels. Received: February 25, 2000 / Accepted: April 11, 2000     

一类运输优化问题求解过程分析

通过对运输决策问题中某种基本情况的研究，建立运力有限情况下单个需求点单一物资运输的研究模型，给出求解模型的算法，通过一个算例进行了验证。与目前文献资料中类似研究模型相比较，在决策中考虑运达概率对运输决策的影响是本文模型的一大突出特点。     

高低型双涡流室双缩口燃烧室的排放特性

为优化某船用柴油机的燃烧室的"油-气-室"匹配,降低有害物排放,运用AVL Fire对原型燃烧室改用不同燃烧室进行额定工况模拟.结果表明,高低型双涡流室双缩口燃烧室能在上涡流室形成"飞轮效应",相对于原型燃烧室,不仅能增加功率,而且能降低Nox和SOOT的排放.对高低型双涡流室双缩口燃烧室设置不同的高低涡流室的半径比r/R和喷油夹角进行计算.结果表明:随着r/R从0.3增加到1.3,Nox和SOOT的排放量均先减少后增多;当r/R为0.7时,Nox和SOOT的排放量均最少.当喷油夹角为140°～165°时,随着喷油夹角的增大,Nox的排放量先减少后增加,随后再减少,最后又升高;SOOT排放量先减小后增大,随后再减小.     

某船用大型可拆卸式滚动轴承设计

文章以船用滚动轴承为研究对象,针对该滚动轴承工作中存在的缺点和不足,设计了一种船用可拆卸式滚动轴承,说明了该滚动轴承的工作原理和主要零部件,并利用三维建模软件UG进行了该滚动轴承的零部件及装配体建模,最后进行了滚动轴承装配体的干涉检查,结果表明,所设计的船用大型可拆卸式滚动轴承运行良好。