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速度差与安全性有着直接的关系。传统方法以集计的运行速度差 作为速度一致性指标,容易陷入生态学谬论的误区,并且会高估道路的安全性能。本文比较了几种常用速度一致性评价方法的优劣,采用85位单车速度差85 作为出口匝道速度一致性指标,解析了85 ≥ 的关系。通过雷达对沪宁高速和南京绕城高速出口减速车道、匝道上半部以及匝道下半部单车速度的调查,得出连续路段的运行速度差 、85位单车速度差85 以及85位速度变化率85 R,验证了85 约为 的1.42~2.02倍,表明使用85 或者85 R作为速度一致性评价指标是更加可靠合理的。最后通过速度差以及速度差变化率大小分级,用三种方法综合判定了37个出口匝道的安全等级。     

基于速度一致性的高速公路出口安全评价

速度差与安全性有着直接的关系。传统方法以集计的运行速度差 作为速度一致性指标,容易陷入生态学谬论的误区,并且会高估道路的安全性能。本文比较了几种常用速度一致性评价方法的优劣,采用85位单车速度差85 作为出口匝道速度一致性指标,解析了85 ≥ 的关系。通过雷达对沪宁高速和南京绕城高速出口减速车道、匝道上半部以及匝道下半部单车速度的调查,得出连续路段的运行速度差 、85位单车速度差85 以及85位速度变化率85 R,验证了85 约为 的1.42~2.02倍,表明使用85 或者85 R作为速度一致性评价指标是更加可靠合理的。最后通过速度差以及速度差变化率大小分级,用三种方法综合判定了37个出口匝道的安全等级。     

高速公路减速标线的设计与应用研究

由于在我国现有规范中没有统一的减速标线设计应用标准,导致在高速公路上设置减速标线难以达到管理控制及保障安全的目的。针对这种情况,必须使用实用性高、针对性强的设计方案,并使之人性化、科学化、规范化,才能更好地保证道路交通安全。     

高速公路减速标线的设计与应用研究

由于在我国现有规范中没有统一的减速标线设计应用标准,导致在高速公路上设置减速标线难以达到管理控制及保障安全的目的。针对这种情况,必须使用实用性高、针对性强的设计方案,并使之人性化、科学化、规范化,才能更好地保证道路交通安全。     

基于驾驶模拟实验的85％位车速预测模型

应用运行车速（85％位车速）对道路设计一致性进行评价已被世界各国广泛采用,但用来进行评价的参数——运行车速的获得大都是在道路上测得的,提出一种通过在专用汽车驾驶模拟系统上进行实验,获取运行车速,从而建立运行车速预测模型的方法。实验采用真实路段的虚拟场景,并可在实验中实时记录速度数据,利用速度数据对平均车速、85％位车速与单圆曲线的曲率变化率CCRs及坡度进行回归分析,最后应用CCRs及坡度建立平均车速、85％位车速的预测模型。     

能见度变化下道路车速特性与安全措施分析

为降低城市道路交通事故发生量以提高城市道路利用率,在大量调查数据的基础上,运用一般统计学方法对城市道路车速运行特性进行统计分析,并以速度一能见度为变量绘制P-P图,进而分析出符合不同能见度下的车速分布模型。通过不同车速分布模型的建立和P-P图的分析得出：能见度较高时（能见度大于10000Lux时）,整体车速波动范围较小;能见度较低时（能见度小于500Lux时）,整体车速波动范围较大,该结论印证低能见度下事故率升高的原因。最后,以低能见度下车速的85％位车速为依据,给出低能见度下城市道路车速的管控措施。     

不同能见度条件下高速公路车辆速度特性研究

本文以京港澳高速公路湖北省内金山-武汉南路段内的交通流检测器及其附近设置于路侧的公路气象站的历史数据为主要研究数据,针对雾天低能见度等天气因素,分析有无雾及不同能见度条件对车辆速度均值及速度离散型的影响;研究在雾天条件下,不同车道位置、不同车辆类型、不同时间时段的车辆行驶速度的差异性;基于交通流Greenshield 经典V-K关系,采用非线性回归方法,建立雾天车辆平均行驶速度综合预测模型,模型的拟合优度达到80%.研究成果对研究公路沿线能见度因素对行车安全影响,分析雾天等低能见度条件下的公路通行能力,制定雾天等低能见度条件下可变速度控制等交通控制措施具有重要参考与借鉴意义.     

Measurement of swarm parameters of c-C4F8/CO2 and its insulation characteristics analysis

In c-C₄F₈ and c-C₄F₈/CO₂ mixtures, the swarm parameters including ionization coefficient, attachment coefficient and effective ionization coefficient were obtained at the ratio of the electric field strength to the gas density between 150–550 Td by the steady-state Townsend (SST) method. Static breakdown voltages at each ratio were also measured at the SST condition. The limiting field strengths were obtained by two methods: computing the density-normalized effective ionization coefficient as a function of the overall density-reduced electric field strength; and measuring static breakdown voltages as a function of the product of gas density and electrode separation. Good agreement was obtained by these two methods, which ensures the correctness of the former method. The limiting field strengths of c-C₄F₈ and c-C₄F₈/CO₂ mixtures were compared with those of pure SF₆, SF₆/CO₂ mixtures and pure c-C₄F₈. It is found that buffer gas CO₂ does not reduce the limiting field strengths of c-C₄F₈ greatly, the limiting field strengths of c-C₄F₈/CO₂ mixtures are higher than those of SF₆/CO₂ mixtures or even pure SF₆, and so c-C₄F₈/CO₂ mixtures are suggested to be possible substitutes for SF₆. Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50777041)     

Monte Carlo simulation of electron swarms parameters in c-C4F8/CF4 gas mixtures

The swarm parametes for c-C₄F₈/CF₄ mixtures, including the density-normalized effective ionization coefficient, drift velocity and mean energy were calculated using Monte-Carlo method with the null collision technique. The overall density-reduced electric field strength could be varied between 150 and 500 Td, while the c-C₄F₈ content in gas mixtures is varied in the range of 0–100%. The value of the density-normalized effective ionization coefficient shows a strong dependence on the c-C₄F₈ content, becoming more electronegative as the content of c-C₄F₈ is increased. The drift velocity of c-C₄F₈/CF₄ mixtures is more affected by CF₄. The calculated limiting field strength for c-C₄F₈/CF₄ mixtures is higher than that of SF₆/CF₄. Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50777041)     

Codes From Strongly Regular （α,β）-reguli

Strongly regular (α, β)-reguli are a class of incidence structures with given conditions which were introduced by Hamilton and Mathon. We introduce two classes of codes constructed from strongly regular (α, β)-reguli within PG(k − 1, q). The codes are related with two-weight codes intimately. Foundation item: the Scientific Research Start-up Foundation of Qingdao University of Science and Technology in China (No. 0022327)     

A novel approach to design robust fault detection filter for networked control systems

In this paper, an approach for designing robust fault detection filter (RFDF) of networked control systems (NCSs) with unknown inputs is studied. The design aims at implementing the optimal trade-off between robustness of unknown inputs (including the item produced by networked-induced delay) and sensitivity of fault. The key design issue is to introduce an optimal fault detection filter based on NCSs with the control law compensation as the reference residual model of NCSs and to formulate the RFDF design as a model-matching problem. By applying H _∞ optimization technique, linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach is given to solve the model-matching problem. The validity of the proposed approach is shown by a numerical example.      

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为定量研究高速公路路面状态与交通安全的关系,分别选取路面状态指数（PCI）和路面抗滑性指标（SRI）作为路面状态的表征指标、速度标准差系数（Cv）作为交通流表征指标.在考虑交通量影响的情况下,仿真实际路段沿线车速标准差系数的变化情况,结合已有的路面检测数据,建立高速公路路面状态与交通安全的关系模型.高速公路路面状态的安全等级根据Cv累计频率曲线划分为三级,确定了各安全等级的Cv阈值,并以沪宁高速公路为例进行分析.结果表明,从交通流运行特征的角度分析路面状态与交通安全的关系是可行的,PCI和SRI与Cv的关系模型可准确判断高速公路路面状态的安全等级.     

南安普敦市高速公路入口控制方案案例研究

高速公路入口控制最早于1996年出现在芝加哥市，现在北美及欧洲等国家广泛采用它来缓解高速公路交通拥挤状况。此论文研究了南安普敦市高速公路入口控制方案的案例（采用ALINEA）控制策略。研究的详细数据表明：高速公路入口控制系统对辅路上的车流、高速公路主干线上的车流、尤其是对高速公路第一车道入口汇合前的区域存在潜在影响。基于此案例研制高速公路的主干道的车流量和速度的轻微减小。     

Dry milling of the ultra-high-strength steel 30CrMnSiNi2A with coated carbide inserts

The ultra-high-strength steel (UHSS) plays an important role in the mechanical industry because of their special performances. The machinability of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel was studied in dry milling with two different coated tools in the present work. This paper introduced that 30CrMnSiNi2A steel was a kind of difficult-to-machine materials. The results showed that the cutting force components of feed direction and cutting width direction, i.e. F x and F y , increased slightly with increasing the cutting speed and feed rate. The values of axial force component F z were much larger than F x and F y , and increased obviously with increasing the milling speed. The workpiece surface had the minimum roughness at the cutting speed of 150 m/min. The physical vapor deposition (PVD) coated ((Ti, Al)N-TiN) insert was more suitable for machining 30CrMnSiNi2A steel than the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) coated (Ti(C, N)-Al 2 O 3 ) insert. Moreover, the main failure modes of PVD-coated insert were micro-chipping and coating spalling. The wear modes of CVD-coated insert were ploughing, coating spalling, and cratering. The serious adhesive wear and the abrasion with some adhesion were the main wear mechanism of PVD- and CVD-coated inserts, respectively.     

On codes with <Emphasis Type="Italic">w</Emphasis>-identifiable parent property

A code is said to be a w-identifiable parent property code (or w-IPP code for short) if whenever d is a descendant of w (or fewer) codewords, and one can always identify at least one of the parents of d. Let C be an (N, w + 1, q)-code and C* an (w + 1)-color graph for C. If a graph G is a subgraph of C* and consists of w + 1 edges with different colors, then G is called a (w + 1)-pattern of C*. In this paper, we proved that C is a w-IPP code if and only if there exists at most one vertex with color degree more than 1 in any (w + 1)-pattern of C*. Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10471093)     

First-principle investigation of the structural stability and electronic property of precipitates on the Cu-rich side of Cu-Ni-Si alloys

The energetic and electronic structures of precipitates on the Cu-rich side of Cu-Ni-Si alloys were investigated by using the first-principle calculations based on plane-wave pseudopotential method. The negative formation heats and the cohesive energies of these precipitates were estimated with electronic structure calculations, and their structural stability was also analyzed. The results show that δ-Ni₂Si, γ-Ni₅Si₂ and β-Ni₃Si precipitates all have great alloying ability and structural stability, which, after comparing their density of states (DOS), is found attributed to the pseudogap effect near the Fermi level (E _F) and strong hybridization between the Ni-3d and Si-3p states. Compared with the other two precipitates, the δ-Ni₂Si precipitate has the greatest structural stability, which is resulted from its lower DOS at E _F and the main bonding peaks slightly moving to the low energy region.     

基于电子不停车收费数据的山区高速公路 车速分布与车型分类研究

为研究山区高速公路车型分类方法，以重庆市包茂高速某路段的电子不停车收费数据(即ETC数据)为基础，分析平缓路段和连续上坡路段不同车型的速度分布特征发现：在不同线形路段，部分车型的速度分布有明显的特点，三型货车在连续上坡路段速度分布呈驼峰状，四型客车因营运限速的存在，在平缓路段速度分布集中于最大速度92 km·h-1 ；相同线形路段各车型速度分 布显著不同，客车车型在平缓路段速度分布表现为分散，在连续上坡路段相对集中，而货车车型的速度分布变化趋势正好相反；连续上坡路段各车型的速度特征值明显下降，但同路段上的部分车型间的速度特征值仍较为接近；连续上坡路段速度离散性大于平缓路段，追尾风险水平更高。在ETC数据基础上，运用k-medoids算法对山区高速公路平缓路段和连续上坡路段的车型进行聚类分析，优化后车型分类结果为：平缓路段车型可分为4类，分别为一型客车、二型～四型客车、一 型货车、二型～六型货车；连续上坡路段车型分类结果为4类，分别为一型～四型客车、一型货车和三型(空载)货车、二型～四型货车(三型为满载)、五型～六型货车。本文有助于山区高速公路速度管理措施的制定和道路线形设计时代表性车型的选择。     

Hydrogen adsorption by woodceramics produced from biomass

Hydrogen adsorption characteristics of woodceramics, made from radiata pine wood fiber boards carbonized at 1 473K after impregnation with phenolic resin, with and without chemical treatment in an alkaline (KOH) or an acid (H₂SO₄) solution were investigated The hydrogen adsorption capacity is improved by chemical treatment. The chemical treatment by KOH improves the adsorption capacity more than by H₂SO₄. The improvement of the capacity level, in any solution, is dependent on the type of chemical in the solution and its concentration. The maximum hydrogen capacity measured at 93K is mass fraction about w(H) = 2% for the woodceramics after chemical treatment in a volume fraction ?? = 50% KOH solution, although that is about w(H) = 0.7% for one without chemical treatment. The microscopic condition of pores in the woodceramics is thought to vary after chemical treatment.     

H ∞ parameter identification and H 2 feedback control synthesizing for inflight aircraft icing

Aircraft icing accident happens frequently. Researchers try to find new ways to solve this problem. The study is facing the direction of intelligent inspection and control system. Previous studies focused on the principle of aircraft icing and its effects on flight performance. The onboard icing detection equipment can only give the qualitative icing information, but cannot effectively describe how serious the consequences would be. If the icing detection equipment fails, it will cause a serious threat to flight safety. This paper reviews the smart icing system and its fundamental principle. Then based on H∞ theory, an aircraft icing parameter identification method is introduced, and its feasibility is verified by simulation results. Moreover, this method can work normally under noise interference and measurement error. Icing parameter identification method can also test part of aircraft’s stability or control derivatives which would be changed obviously after aircraft icing. Classified by neural networks, the stability or control derivatives’ variation can be mapped to ice parameters’ variation that reflects the severity of aircraft icing. Then H2 state feedback control is designed originally to suppress the impact of noise interference, so aircraft can keep steady after it is iced. Seeing from simulation result of the whole system, it is clear that the system can effectively detect icing parameters and by using feedback control system, it can ensure the safety of aircraft in the flight envelope.     

Lattice-based group signature with verifier-local revocation

Among several post quantum primitives proposed in the past few decades, lattice-based cryptography is considered as the most promising one, due to its underlying rich combinatorial structure, and the worst-case to average-case reductions. The first lattice-based group signature scheme with verifier-local revocation(VLR) is treated as the first quantum-resistant scheme supported member revocation, and was put forward by Langlois et al. This VLR group signature(VLR-GS) has group public key size of O(nm log N log q), and a signature size of O(tm log N log q log β). Nguyen et al. constructed a simple efficient group signature from lattice, with significant advantages in bit-size of both the group public key and the signature. Based on their work, we present a VLR-GS scheme with group public key size of O(nm log q) and signature size of O(tm log q). Our group signature has notable advantages: support of membership revocation, and short in both the public key size and the signature size.