共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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《中国造船》2015,(4)
随着科学技术的进步,人类开始把目光投向了被称为深渊区的6500米以下的海沟。上海海洋大学深渊科学与技术研究中心(HAST)提出建造一个由3个11000米着陆器、1个11000米复合型无人深潜器和1个11000米载人深潜器组成的全海深的深渊科学技术流动实验室。对于潜水器而言,随着下潜深度的进一步增加,水动力学科将发挥更加关键的作用,如何实现快速、稳定的潜浮运动是全海深无人和载人潜水器开发过程中所需解决的关键问题之一。论文对世界范围内现有的三艘全海深载人潜水器和一艘全海深复合型无人深潜器进行论述,总结全海深潜水器开发中水动力学最新发展趋势,重点探讨潜浮运动和水动力外形优化领域的最新进展。针对HAST正在开发的全海深载人潜水器,提出了水动力学研究和设计方面的初步设想。 相似文献
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潜水器大攻角范围内运动的仿真 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
对于只靠剩余浮力(含负浮力)作用的潜水器垂直面内下潜、上浮运动,将会出现攻角α在±120.内变化.此时进行运动性能研究,潜水器所受流体动力无法用传统的多项式表达方式表示.本文提出了直接利用流体动力试验结果,无需将其用多项式数学描述,借助于MATLAB/Simulink仿真技术,可方便地进行潜水器运动的仿真. 相似文献
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针对一型潜深1 500 m的载人潜水器,在选取了参考艇型的基础上,完成了主体艇型及框架结构的设计,在水平循环水槽、综合试验水池分别进行了模型的直航和潜浮阻力试验,得到了相应的试验结果。确定了框架结构强度分析的关键要素,完成了框架结构的强度校核,对于框架结构的应力分布情况进行分析。结果表明:目标载人潜水器的前进阻力大于后退阻力,上浮阻力大于下潜阻力,框架结构还有一定优化余地。 相似文献
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水滴型回转体带尾导管的水动力特性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
过去在鱼雷型回转体上加尾导管的操纵性模型试验研究表明,尾导管使回转体的静稳定性显著降低,而DARPA的SUBOFF模型试验结果却显示,潜艇类回转体(主体)加尾导管(尾附件)对回转体的静稳定性没有不利的影响,而且还提高了回转体的运动稳定性。本文通过模型试验对水滴型回转体加尾导管的静稳定性以及导管的水动力特性进行了精细的研究,同时,结合CFD工具对回转体绕流进行的机理分析,得出了尾导管对主体静稳定性影响的基本结论:在有攻角的情况下,主体近表面的绕流特性主要由势伴流控制,当导管尺寸相对比较小时,尾导管的实际有效来流攻角与名义来流攻角符号相反,而产生不稳定的力矩,导致主体静稳定性反而下降。 相似文献
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Surasak Phoemsapthawee Marc Le Boulluec Jean-Marc Laurens Fran ois Deniset 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2013,12(1):112-121
Underwater gliders are recent innovative types of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) used in ocean exploration and observation. They adjust their buoyancy to dive and to return to the ocean surface. During the change of altitude, they use the hydrodynamic forces developed by their wings to move forward. Their flights are controlled by changing the position of their centers of gravity and their buoyancy to adjust their trim and heel angles. For better flight control, the understanding of the hydrodynamic behavior and the flight mechanics of the underwater glider is necessary. A 6-DOF motion simulator is coupled with an unsteady potential flow model for this purpose. In some specific cases, the numerical study demonstrates that an inappropriate stabilizer dimension can cause counter-steering behavior. The simulator can be used to improve the automatic flight control. It can also be used for the hydrodynamic design optimization of the devices. 相似文献
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为提高无人水下航行器的操纵性和运动控制算法的高效性,对航行器水的动力特性进行分析尤为重要。基于黏性流体理论,采用高效的计算域分区法提高航行器变攻角网格的生成效率,开展不同攻角和航速下的航行器水动力数值预报与分析,定量给出航行器的升阻力、升阻比和俯仰力矩系数随攻角的变化规律,得到航行器上浮和下潜时对应的最优攻角和动压力中心点偏移量,为航行器的运动的姿态控制提供设计和指导依据。分析攻角对航行器压力场、速度场和涡量场的影响规律,为后续优化航行器构型、提高航行器的水动力性能奠定基础。 相似文献
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Takuya Ohmori 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》1998,3(2):82-93
A finite-volume method of computing the viscous flow field about a ship in maneuvering motion was developed. The time-dependent
Navier-Stokes equation discretized in the generalized boundary-fitted curvilinear coordinate system is solved numerically.
A third-order upwind differencing scheme, a marker and cell (MAC)-type explicit time marching solution algorithm and a simplified
subgrid scale (SGS) turbulence model are adopted. The simulation method is formulated, including the movement of a computational
grid fitted to the body boundary that allows computation of the flow field around a body under unsteady motion.
To estimate the maneuvering ability of a ship, the accurate prediction of the hydrodynamic forces and moments of the hull
is important. Therefore, experimental methods of finding the hydrodynamic forces of a ship in maneuvering motion, such as
the oblique towing test, the circular motion test (CMT) and planar motion mechanism (PMM) test, were established. Numerical
simulation methods for those captive model experiments were developed introducing computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
First, numerical methods for steady oblique tow and steady turn simulation were developed and then extended to unsteady forced
motion. Simulations were conducted about several realistic hulls, and the results were verified by comparisons with measured
results obtained in model experiments. Hydrodynamic forces and the moment, the longitudinal distribution of the hydrodynamic
lateral force, and the pressure distribution on the hull surface showed good agreement. 相似文献
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Based on polynomial interpolation and approximation theory, a novel feed-forward neural network, the feed-forward neural network with Chebyshev orthogonal basis function, is proposed for black-box modeling of ship manoeuvring motion. The neural model adopts a three-layer structure, in which the hidden layer neurons are activated by a group of Chebyshev orthogonal polynomial activation functions and the other two layers’ neurons use identity mapping as activation functions. Weight update formulas are derived by employing the standard back-propagation (BP) training method. With the simulated 15º/15º zigzag test data as input and calculated values of the hydrodynamic forces and moment as output, the feed-forward neural network with Chebyshev orthogonal basis function and the BP neural network are applied to identify the nonlinear functions in the nonlinear hydrodynamic model of ship manoeuvring motion. With the simulated 20º/20º zigzag test data and 35º turning test data as input, the hydrodynamic forces and moment are predicted by using the identified nonlinear functions. Comparison between the calculated and predicted hydrodynamic forces and moment shows that the feed-forward neural network with Chebyshev orthogonal basis function is superior to the BP neural network in identifying the nonlinear functions of the nonlinear hydrodynamic model of ship manoeuvring motion and is an effective method to conduct the black-box modeling of ship manoeuvring motion. 相似文献
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计算流体力学软件应用于潜水器外形优化设计时,精度虽高,但效率低下。因此研究了试验设计和响应面模型技术,提出了一个潜水器外形优化设计的策略。其基本思想是:首先应用Gambit软件的日志文件建立起水动力分析模型,然后根据设计要求选取设计变量,用试验设计的方法在设计变量空间里选取样本点并进行阻力性能计算,得到各样本点的响应,并建立阻力、包络体积的二阶多项式模型响应面模型。潜水器设计时需要考虑能源与设备布置要求,因此将阻力与体积作为艇型优化的两个目标,研究了多目标遗传算法,并给出了Pareto最优解集。结果表明,文中采用近似模型的艇型优化过程,不但效率得到提高,精度也能得到保证,而且由CFD结果建立的阻力估算公式可以为后续设计带来很高的参考价值。 相似文献
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[目的]研究潜器在海底沙波地形干扰下的水动力特性。[方法]基于计算流体力学(CFD)方法,使用STAR-CCM+软件并结合重叠网格方法对潜器经过海底沙波的过程进行模拟,计算潜器阻力系数和升力系数在此过程中的变化。[结果]结果表明,当潜器近海底航行时,沙波地形会对潜器产生一定的干扰,当艏部运动至波峰附近时,负升力出现最大值,当艉部运动至波峰附近时,阻力出现最大值;在不同航速下,潜器表面压力分布规律的不同会导致升力系数的变化规律不同;随着近海底距离的减小,海底沙波对潜器阻力和升力变化影响显著,当H/D>5时,海底沙波对潜器阻力和升力的影响可以忽略。[结论]所做研究可为潜器的安全及操纵性能提供一定的参考。 相似文献