共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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现代柴油车排放及其控制技术综述 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
简要分析了目前柴油车排气净化的焦点;重点介绍了国际上主要应用的机内净化技术,如提高喷油压力、采用排气再循环(EGR)。等,以及机外净化技术,如NOx后处理技术、微粒(PM)后处理技术等;最后对当前为满足欧Ⅰ至欧Ⅳ标准国外所采用或即将采用的净化技术进行了对比。 相似文献
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车用重型高压共轨柴油机EGR性能及优化 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
在1台CA6DL2—35E3重型高压共轨柴油机上建立原理性低压EGR系统,并进行了EGR性能试验。试验结果表明:在欧Ⅲ高压共轨柴油机平台下,小EGR率即可大幅度降低NOx排放;从性能及排放折中考虑,在中小负荷可适当增大废气回流量以实现低温燃烧;根据优化策略优化EGR率后,仅在13%EGR率范围内气体排放即可达到欧Ⅳ法规水平,而通过对大负荷最佳EGR率的修正,在满足排放要求的同时,可降低EGR散热损失;NOx比排放量随燃烧放热率峰值变化存在拐点(EGR率最优点),可作为改善尾气排放的有效判据。 相似文献
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中重型车辆各国排放法规
由图1可看到,从欧V到欧VI排放法规,NOx排放降低大约80%,美国从US07排放到US10排放法规,NOx排放约降低83%;日本从中长期发展项目(NLT05)发展到新长期发展项目,NOx排放降低约87%.这是未来降低排放的一个重要的工作方向.要达到欧Ⅴ或国Ⅴ排放,有不同的技术路线,有的采取SCR技术路线;有的采用废气再循环(EGR)的技术路线.图2为满足欧Ⅳ(国Ⅳ)、欧Ⅴ(国Ⅴ)排放的SCR技术路线,可采用燃油喷射压力为1600bar高压共轨系统,NOx排放限值在8~10g/kWh之间,那么可采用开环的废气后处理DeNOx系统,NOx转化效率约在70%左右.不带氧化催化转化器(DOC),采用废气阀控制的增压器,能降低NOx 70%左右,可达到欧Ⅳ(国Ⅳ)排放水平.如果要达到欧V(国V)排放限值,只要采用闭环废气后处理DeNOx系统,NOx转化效率约80%左右,可选用氧化催化转化器,废气阀控制的增压器. 相似文献
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中重型车辆各国排放法规由图1可看到,从欧Ⅴ到欧Ⅵ排放法规,NOx排放降低大约80%,美国从US07排放到US10排放法规,NOx排放约降低83%;日本从中长期发展项目(NLT05)发展到新长期发展项目,NOx排放降低约87%。这是未来降低排放的一个重要的工作方向。要达到欧Ⅴ或国Ⅴ排放,有不同的技术路线,有的采取SCR技术路线;有的采用废气再循环(EGR)的技术路线。图2为满足欧Ⅳ(国Ⅳ)、欧Ⅴ(国Ⅴ) 相似文献
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低温等离子体对柴油机尾气净化效果的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文中对利用低温等离子体(NTP)技术净化柴油机尾气中的颗粒物(PM)、总碳氢(THC)和氮氧化物(NOx)进行研究,结果表明,介质阻挡放电反应器的输入能量和对柴油机尾气的处理量是影响NTP净化性能的主要因素.在低能量窗口(输入电压约为7.5kV)内,NTP对NOx净化效果较好,对PM和THC的净化效果较差;而在高能量窗口(输入电压为10kV)内,NTP能有效地净化PM和THC,却可能使NOx的浓度增大.在相同输入能量条件下,处理量越大NTP的净化效果越差. 相似文献
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大量的研究表明,柴油机仅靠机内净化不能完全满足欧Ⅲ以上的排放法规要求,必须同时采取废气后处理技术。而减少NOx和微粒的排放装置则是实现欧Ⅳ和欧Ⅴ标准废气后处理的有力武器。 相似文献
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Recently, to reduce environmental pollution and the waste of limited energy resources, there is an increasing requirement
for higher engine efficiency and lower levels of harmful emissions. A premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) engine,
which uses a 2-stage type injection, has drawn attention because this combustion system can simultaneously reduce the amount
of NOx and PM exhausted from diesel engines. It is well known that the fuel injection timing and the spray angle in a PCCI
engine affect the mixture formation and the combustion. To acquire two optimal injection timings, the combustion and emission
characteristics of the PCCI engine were analyzed with various injection conditions. The flame visualization was performed
to validate the result obtained from the engine test. This study reveals that the optimum injection timings are BTDC 60° for
the first injection and ATDC 5° for the second injection. In addition, the injection ratio of 3 to 7 showed the best NOx and
PM emission results. 相似文献
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J. Lucas M. A. Houghton I. G. Masheter 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2012,13(6):853-860
A system has been researched over the past 3 years for reducing the exhaust pollutants from diesel engines for light commercial vehicles. The system researched achieves Euro 6 standards for reduction of polluting gases (CO, HC, PM, NO). It consists of 4 main sections: 1. A heater and heat exchanger (HE); 2. A CO/HC oxidising catalyst (D°C); 3. Pt catalyst on a diesel particulate filter (DPF); 4. A NO reducing reaction (SCR) within the DPF. The system operates as follows. The exhaust gas contains oxidising gases, namely both O2 and NO2. The levels of CO and HC are oxidised by O2 to CO2 for temperatures above 200°C. Carbon (PM) is oxidised to CO2 by NO2 but requires a temperature above 250°C. The operating exhaust temperature of 300°C is ideal for the removal of NO by using the Pt catalyst and the CO generated within the DPF. The heater is required to be able to raise the exhaust temperature at any time to 300°C in order to optimise the performance of the system, since diesel engine exhaust temperatures vary between 160°C (slow speeds) to 350°C (high speeds). Considerable heat is required (??3 kW) to maintain the exhaust gas for a 2l engine at 300°C for engine idle conditions. Therefore a heat exchanger is required to re-circulate the input heat and thereby reduce the maximum power consumption to a maximum of 500W over the engine full operating test cycle. This energy is supplied by the engine battery and alternator. Experimental results have been obtained for the exhaust from a Kubota diesel engine and the reductions in exhaust emissions of 83% (CO/ HC), 58% (NOx) and 99% (PM) were obtained. The PM was continuously cleaned so that there was no build up of back pressure. 相似文献
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EGR对车用柴油机性能影响的试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
结合某废气涡轮增压和高压共轨小型4缸柴油机国Ⅳ排放达标工作,进行了计算机在线实时控制EGR对柴油机性能影响的试验研究,通过试验分析了EGR对NOx、烟度、排气温度、燃油消耗率的影响规律,并对EGR率与喷油提前角的匹配作了进一步的研究。结果表明,为降低柴油机NOx排放,不同工况应采取不同的EGR率;烟度、排气温度、燃油消耗率均随着EGR率的增加而增大;EGR率和喷油提前角应实现良好的匹配,才能保证NOx排放和燃油消耗率都能达到要求,其中小EGR率匹配小喷油提前角,大EGR率匹配大喷油提前角。 相似文献
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商用车柴油机多采用DOC+SCR的后处理系统来满足国Ⅳ、国Ⅴ排放标准的要求,而不同类型SCR的催化特性对最终污染物排放影响也不同。试验获取了一支铜基分子筛型SCR,基于1台2.8L柴油机和一支钒基SCR,运行了车用柴油机稳态循环(ESC)和瞬态排放循环(ETC),研究并分析了其对柴油机污染物的减排特性。结果表明,相较于钒基SCR,运行ETC循环时分子筛型SCR对发动机NOx和PM排放的减排效率分别提升19%和33%;分子筛型SCR对NOx的低温转化效率更高,且由于对排气流量不敏感,在高空速工况下其转化效率显著高于钒基SCR;分子筛型SCR对颗粒物个数的减排效率弱于钒基SCR,达7%以上,容易将大质量颗粒物分解为小质量颗粒物;两种SCR均对CO和HC具有一定的减排效果,减排率可达20%左右。 相似文献