论船舶主动避让

很多船舶不会或不愿主动避让,延误了避让时机,从而迫使其他船舶被动避让,容易引发船舶事故。船舶在避让行动中应提高主动性,采取主动避让行动,才能有效地防止和减少船舶事故。     

探析船舶操纵要素在避让中的应用实践

船舶航行过程中可能会出现碰撞风险,为了确保航行的安全性,需要及时开展避让操纵,保证船舶的安全。通过应用船舶操纵要素,可以让船舶在遭遇风险时完成合理的避让动作,并且快速完成避让。本文分析了船舶航行的原则,分析船舶避让的主要措施,最后针对如何使用操纵要素进行避让展开研究和分析,探讨不同情况下对操纵要素的应用。帮助船舶操纵人员更有效地进行船舶操纵,实现船舶航行过程中的避让,保证航行安全。     

基于改进人工势场法的船舶自动避碰研究

为解决传统人工势场法在船舶自动避碰中无法判断避让责任和紧迫局面的问题,创新性地将船舶会遇态势及危险度评价指标引人人工势场中,通过船舶之间相对方位来判断船舶的避让责任并限定避让措施,通过实时计算船舶碰撞危险度,设定相应阈值来界定是否产生紧迫局面,指导船舶采取进一步避让措施.通过对船舶对遇、交叉相遇和追越3种典型局面的仿真实验表明,本文所设计的势场能够较为清晰地判断避让责任和紧迫局面,所规划的船舶避让措施更加符合国际海上避碰规则的要求.     

港口水域渔船避让分析

船舶安全保障是海上航行中的首要任务,港口水域大批量渔船作业会造成安全隐患,需要引航员在引领船舶进出港口时做出避让渔船行动,要能认清避让渔船的种类,熟练掌握渔船避让适用条件,做到充分考虑、果断决策、把握时机、正确避让,并在采取避让行动后仔细观察避让行动的有效性,以确保船舶航行安全。     

长江口及长江口航道的船舶操纵与避碰

长江口及长江口航道是船舶航行的危险及复杂区域,影响船舶操纵与避让的因素有航道自然环境和人为环境因素、人员对船舶操纵性能的掌握因素、航道管理因素等。船舶在此航行时的避碰措施包括真正做到正规瞭望、严格按照航道规则航行、良好船艺、做好应急准备等,船舶在避碰中要保持安全会遇距离,及早采取避让行动,正确掌握转向避让和变速避让方法,并查核避让效果。     

喀麦隆杜阿拉航道浅区航行和施工时船舶的操纵与避让

针对疏浚作业船舶在喀麦隆杜阿拉航道浅区航行和施工过程中避让进出港船舶、渔船、渔具等较为困难的现状,依据国际海上避碰规则相关条款,分析疏浚船与进出港船舶、捕鱼船在不同情况下的避让关系,总结疏浚船舶在该航道浅区航行和施工时所需采取的特殊避让和操纵措施,为在该航道进行疏浚作业的船舶以及进出杜阿拉港的船舶提供切实可行的避让和操纵参考。     

考虑惯性延迟的船舶避让时机决策

在避让过程中，船舶的运动惯性延迟对避让效果有着重要的、不可忽略的影响。此文对已有船舶操纵避让时机决策模型进行改进，实现了考虑惯性延迟的船舶避让时机决策模型，提出了计算惯性延迟的方法。     

限制水域的船舶避让责任与避碰分析

限制水域是船舶会遇率较高的水域,也是事故多发水域。在对限制水域船舶避让的法律条款适用问题和碰撞事故原因分析的基础上,提出限制水域船舶会遇构成追越、对遇和交叉等态势下的避让责任的划分,特别讨论了限制水域端部的会遇船舶的避让责任问题。最后,对限制水域船舶避让行动提出了戒备、航行与避让、声号信号与通信、航行值班、操纵与应急操作等方面的要求。     

船舶避让行动浅析

从建立船舶智能避碰系统所需要的角度出发,对船舶避碰过程中的会遇态势、避让责任、避让时机和避让行动等问题进行了分析和归类。     

水上飞机避让责任相关规则修订与完善

分析水上飞机在水上航行时在航空器飞行规则和船舶水上避碰规则中的避让责任,指出在部分会遇态势中,水上飞机与船舶在不同规则中的避让责任存在差异,提出统一按船舶避让责任的划分原则,修订与完善不同规则中水上飞机在水面时避让责任相关条款的建议。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。