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文章采用无网格方法(MLPG)中最简单的MLPG5技术,对船舶表面微裂缝在腐蚀工作环境中向内扩展情形进行了数值计算模拟,计算中假设了船体材料为各向同性,并引入了线弹性假设。对比以往的有限元计算方法,发现处理裂缝扩展的数值计算问题时,无网格计算方法显示了其独特的优越性。同时,根据材料特性、外荷载以及温度等参数的变化,文中分别描述了三种可能的裂缝扩展方式:裂缝钝化、稳态以及非稳态的快速破环等。 相似文献
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用数值方法研究了船体表面微裂缝在海水腐蚀以及外荷载耦合作用下扩展的机理.实验表明,在给定材料和腐蚀环境的条件下,外荷载越小,微裂缝扩展并最终导致材料断裂破坏过程越长;但当荷载小于某个值(门槛值或称疲劳极限)时,这种延迟的腐蚀断裂破坏现象可以避免.为研究方便,文中假设了在腐蚀环境中工作的材料为各向同性材料.根据数值计算结果,共发现了三种可能的裂缝扩展形式,并证实了导致腐蚀疲劳断裂临界条件的存在性.最后通过计算,针对不同材料以及不同环境条件,勾勒出导致腐蚀疲劳断裂相应的临界条件曲线. 相似文献
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文章基于温度梯度法对焊接残余应力分布进行了模拟。通过对有限元网格划分规则的讨论,确定了数值模拟过程中应力强度因子计算的最佳方案,同时,采用Green函数法以及Faulkner模型给出了残余应力作用下应力强度因子的理论值。通过有限元模拟与理论计算的结果比较,验证了常规载荷以及残余应力作用下,含中心裂纹平板以及含初始裂纹加筋板结构应力强度因子计算结果的准确性,建立了考虑残余应力影响的结构裂纹扩展模拟流程。最后,通过拉伸载荷下加筋板裂纹扩展模型试验对数值计算方法进行了验证,为加筋板结构裂纹扩展规律研究以及裂纹扩展寿命预报奠定了基础。 相似文献
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《水道港口》2015,(1):26-33
基于FEM/DEM方法建立原型尺度数值模型,模拟波浪荷载作用下斜坡上护面块体内部的应力分布和断裂破坏过程。其中结构物所受的波浪力采用微幅波的理论解计算,块体之间的运动、接触以及块体变形采用FEM/DEM方法模拟。采用基于势函数的罚函数法计算块体之间的接触力,采用Single/Smeared破坏模型模拟混凝土块体开裂,采用中心差分法的显式积分算法进行数值求解计算。分别采用文中数值模型与ANSYS模型对自重作用下块体的应力进行比较分析,给出了块体碰撞破坏的两种形式,验证了数值模型应力和变形计算的精度。通过数值模拟给出了不同波浪荷载下斜坡上护面块体的运动、内部应力分布、裂缝形成和断裂过程,给出了不同点的应力历时曲线,探讨了块体的应力变化和断裂破坏的特性。 相似文献
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基于SPH方法对液体在三维矩形容器中的非线性晃荡问题进行了数值模拟研究。采用镜像粒子边界建立三维模型,成功解决传统SPH方法在容器壁产生缝隙的问题。对横荡和横摇两种容器运动形式进行数值模拟,在液面时间历程、不同时刻液体形态、点压强以及液体晃荡作用力等方面与其他学者的实验研究结果和数值计算结果进行对比验证,表明此三维模型的正确性。 相似文献
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深海超高压环境模拟容器用于模拟水下压力环境,其容器壁上承受反复载荷,容易产生疲劳裂纹.疲劳裂纹扩展是影响其断裂的主要因素.本文旨在分析半椭圆裂纹在老化的深海超高压环境模拟容器中的扩展行为,评估容器的安全性,因此对材料20MnMoNb钢的裂纹扩展特性进行了试验研究,首先考虑三角形和梯形加载情况,通过比较两组实验结果,考察了其材料对保载时间的敏感性.采用基于统一的裂纹扩展率模型的三维有限元方法进行了疲劳裂纹扩展计算,并通过CT试样的一组数值和实验结果进行了验证,最后建立了不同初始尺寸、展弦比和倾角的裂纹有限元模型,并根据裂纹在容器内壁的容许深度准则,计算了容器的剩余寿命.其分析结果可为深海超高压环境模拟容器可靠性评估提供参考. 相似文献
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Fatigue crack propagation behavior under superimposed stress histories containing different frequency components with several mean stress conditions was investigated. Numerical simulation of fatigue crack propagation based on an advanced fracture mechanics approach using the RPG (Re-tensile Plastic zone Generating) stress criterion for fatigue crack propagation was improved to extract the effective part from the applied stress history for fatigue crack propagation. The parameter, which is based on the plastic hysteresis energy consumed in the vicinity of a crack tip, was applied and implemented into the numerical simulation code of fatigue crack propagation. Fatigue crack propagation tests under various superimposed stress conditions with several mean stress conditions were performed and compared with the fatigue crack propagation histories obtained from the improved numerical simulations. These comparisons show the validity of the proposed procedure for extracting the effective stress history from the superimposed stress histories with different frequency components and mean stresses. Additionally, practical fatigue strength evaluations based on the linear cumulative fatigue damage parameter were conducted to investigate the tendency of the fatigue damage value under these stress conditions. 相似文献
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It is of continuing importance for ship structural design to establish a system to compute the growth behavior of fatigue cracks propagating in structural details. In the present paper, a simulation program is developed for multiple fatigue cracks propagating in a three-dimensional stiffened panel structure, where it can predict fatigue crack lives and paths by taking into account the interaction of multiple cracks, load shedding during crack propagation and welding residual stress. Various fatigue crack propagations in longitudinal stiffeners of ship structures are investigated by both the present simulation method and experiments. From these results, it is found that the crack propagation may considerably change, depending on the loading conditions, structural details and residual stress distributions. This means that one could possibly manage to avoid fatal damage of the skin-plate by properly designing the structural details. Furthermore, these results may imply a possibility to realize a rational fatigue crack management if one can estimate the fatigue crack-propagation behavior during the ship lifecycle. The present simulation program may offer a useful numerical tool for this purpose. 相似文献
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An efficient numerical analysis procedure based on FEM was implemented for evaluating the effect of welding residual stress (WRS) on mixed-mode stress intensity factors (MM-SIFs) for a non-planar surface-cracked tubular T-joint with a rounded weld toe. A multi-pass welding simulation was carried out using real welding conditions by means of an effective in-house welding simulation code. A fully compatible 3D finite element mesh generation system was implemented to model non-planar perpendicular surface-cracked tubular T-joints with rounded weld toes. The adequacy of the mesh generation system was verified with the reference solutions. A fully automated mapping code was developed to assign the six components of the simulated WRS to each element face over the crack surface. A developed fracture approach was employed to accurately compute MM-SIFs resulting from WRS in which normal and shear components of WRS were considered. MM-SIFs were calculated carefully for several surface cracks with different shapes under different loading conditions. The behavior of MM-SIF solutions resulting from the combination of external load and WRS was influenced significantly by the behavior of those produced due to WRS only. In addition, the value of the computed SIFs resulting from the combination of external load and WRS was almost doubled for mode-I SIF compared to those obtained by external load only and WRS only especially near the crack end locations. The behavior of the calculated fracture parameters was also discussed. 相似文献
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The authors have developed a simulation program, CP-System, for multiple cracks propagating in a three-dimensional stiffened
panel structure, where through-the-thickness crack propagation is formulated as a two-dimensional in-plane problem, and the
crack propagation behavior is simulated by step-by-step finite element analyses. In order to evaluate the fatigue lives of
marine structures accurately, it is necessary to take into account the load histories induced by sea waves, which may be composed
of a random sequence of certain clustered loads with variable stress range. In the proposed crack growth model, the crack
opening and closure behavior is simulated by using the modified strip yielding model, and the effective tensile plastic stress
intensity range, ΔK
RP, is calculated by considering the contact of plastic wake along the crack surfaces. The adequacy of the proposed crack growth
model is examined by comparison with fatigue tests under non-constant-amplitude loading. The usefulness of the developed method
is demonstrated for a ship structural detail under certain simulated load sequences. It is shown that the fatigue crack growth
of a ship structure is significantly retarded due to the load interaction effects, so that the conventional method for fatigue
life assessment may predict a relatively conservative fatigue life of a structure. 相似文献
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Yukinobu Nagata Koji Gotoh Masahiro Toyosada 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2009,14(1):104-114
Many accidents are caused by fatigue in welded built-up steel structures, and so it is important to estimate the fatigue lives
of such structures quantitatively for safety reasons. By assuming that fatigue cracks cannot grow without an accumulation
of alternating tensile/compressional plastic strain, one of the authors identified an improved effective stress intensity
factor range ΔK
RPG based on the re-tensile plastic zone generating (RPG) load, which represents the driving force for fatigue cracks, and suggested
that ΔK
RPG should be used as the parameter to describe fatigue crack growth behavior. The “FLARP” numerical simulation code in which
ΔK
RPG is implemented as the fatigue crack growth parameter, was developed in order to predict fatigue crack initiation and propagation
behavior. In this paper, it is demonstrated that FLARP gives accurate estimates for fatigue life by comparing the estimated
fatigue crack growth curves and S–N curves with the experimental results for in-plane gusset welded joints, which are used in many welded steel structures. Moreover,
the effect of induced bending moment due to the linear misalignment in the out of plane direction on the fatigue strength
of in-plane gusset welded joints is investigated through numerical simulations. 相似文献
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Fatigue is a common failure mode in ship structures. For structures with an initial crack, the fatigue crack propagation behavior needs to be considered. The purpose of this study is to establish a procedure for analysis of fatigue crack propagation of ship structures in combination with reliability methods. The stress intensity factor (SIF) and geometry correction factor are calculated by means of finite element analysis. Validation for the SIF calculation is achieved by comparing the computed results with those based on related solutions. Since fatigue damage usually occurs in weld areas, the effect of such components on the fatigue crack propagation behavior was also considered in this work. The Paris law in combination with the Monte Carlo technique are employed for the fatigue crack propagation analysis in this study. Reliability updating based on inspection for cracks is also carried out. A computer program was developed for the purpose of fatigue crack propagation analysis within the framework of reliability methods. An application example of fatigue crack propagation in relation to the hull of the icebreaker Xuelong 2 is presented. The sensitivity of the procedure to key analysis parameters (sample size, initial crack size) is also considered. Finally, the effect of low temperatures on the computed results is also analyzed. 相似文献
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Detailed understandings on the fatigue behavior of the concrete-filled double skin steel tubes (CFDSTs) under multiaxial stress states are essential to promote their applications in marine structures. A systematical investigation consisting both the experimental study and the according numerical modeling has been conducted. Physical tests were carried out to investigate the flexural fatigue behavior of the butt-welded hollow steel tubes (HSTs), concrete-filled steel tubes (CFSTs) and CFDSTs, in which the development of fatigue cracks and the fatigue life were captured. The feasibility of applying the existing S–N curves originally obtained from the HSTs to the constitutive steel tubes within the CFDSTs has been consequently verified. A two-stages simulation method was developed to analyze the full range development of fatigue cracks based on both the damage mechanics and the extended finite element method (XFEM). The influence of the multiaxial stress states on the fatigue behavior for the constitutive steel tubes was studied quantitatively, considering the offshore application scenarios where the steel tubes within the CFDSTs were subjected to larger external hydrostatic pressure or internal transmitted content pressure. The results show that the existence of the infilled concrete can effectively improve the fatigue behavior of the steel tubes. The life prediction models for both the fatigue crack initiation stage and propagation stage have been proposed, where the crack initiation life of the steel tube may reduce by 30% when its stress triaxiality increases from 0.36 to 0.48. 相似文献
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