济南轨道交通装修艺术设计实践与思考

随着我国城市轨道交通的高质量发展,车站装修艺术设计对地下空间体验感的影响日益增加.本文通过分析济南轨道交通1、2、3号线的装修艺术工程实践成果,总结思考了济南在该领域的一体化设计、色彩与材质、文脉与历史风貌、艺术互动形式几个方面的突破性成果.通过系统分析济南地铁一期工程的设计经验与思考,尝试为我国轨道交通车站的装修艺术建设提供指导.     

轨道交通车站无障碍设施的规划与设计

轨道交通车站的无障碍设施是体现社会文明程度的标志,是社会对“弱势群体”关爱的具体表现。通过对上海轨道交通车站无障碍设施建设的现状及实际使用状况的调研,结合国外轨道交通车站无障碍设施规划与设计的先进理念,系统阐述了轨道交通车站无障碍设施的分类及规划设计原则。     

上海轨道交通地下车站施工风险及其应对措施的研究

围绕轨道交通地下车站的施工工序,对地下车站的施工风险进行了分析,并有针对性地提出了一些风险控制措施。通过研究其中潜在的风险发生机理,将有助于建立轨道交通建设风险控制体系,减少并控制轨道交通地下车站施工中的风险事故。     

软土地层中暗挖轨道交通车站设计方案探讨

为解决上海城市发展与轨道交通建设之间矛盾,提出了针对软土地层中用暗挖法建轨道交通车站的设计前提、方法、内容。重点对用盾构法修建明、暗结合型式,全暗挖,地上、地下配合的轨道交通车站设计进行了初步探讨,以期促进软土地层中暗埋轨道交通车站技术的发展。     

轨道交通车站照明设计探讨

阐述现行轨道交通照明现状,在对上海市已运营的几条轨道交通车站照度测量的基础上,分析在轨道交通车站照明设计中实现“绿色照明”的重要性,提出在满足照度的条件下,轨道交通车站照明采用照度和照明功率密度(LPD)相结合的设计方案及其几个需注意的问题,对于已经运营和尚未投运的车站建设都具有一定的参考意义。     

轨道交通换乘车站供电资源共享设计探讨

结合上海轨道交通耀华路站工程设计实践,在资源共享的前提下,确定了换乘车站共享供电资源的配置;结合低压供配电系统设置的基本原则,对换乘车站动力照明配电区域进行分区管理和资源共享;分析了换乘车站资源共享的基本原则,为轨道交通换乘车站的资源共享设计提供参考。     

济南R1线高架车站外立面景观造型设计研究

随着轨道交通工程建设的快速推进,对高架车站外立面造型设计的研究亦将不断深入,设计观念和手法也随之不断更新。结合济南R1线高架车站建设实践以及长期从事轨道交通工程的经验教训,对高架车站造型设计原理以及具有济南特色的高架车站建设进行了初步尝试与探索。     

浅析《上海轨道交通地下车站防排水专册》

轨道交通地下车站渗漏水问题始终是车站结构设计的重要内容。结合上海地质条件和地下车站建设工程的管理经验,首次在上海轨道交通13号线一期工程中,将车站治理渗漏水作为防排水体系进行有针对性的专项设计,形成《上海轨道交通地下车站防排水专册》,从而进一步规范和完善了车站结构治理渗漏水技术。这可为类似工程提供借鉴。     

轨道交通地下车站通风空调系统节能环保技术应用

轨道交通地下车站内部空间广、发热量大,为维持其热环境,通风空调系统的风机、冷水机组、空调机组的装机容量较大。根据上海轨道交通运营线路的能耗统计数据分析,地下车站通风空调系统能耗约占车站总用电量的50%～60%,占整个轨道交通能耗的25%～30%,系统用电成本占运营成本约30%,对轨道交通运营经济性影响较大。因此,降低通风空调系统能耗对轨道交通车站的节能具有十分重要的意义。     

城市轨道交通车站与商业开发结合模式研究

轨道交通车站建设正在不断影响城市的商业格局。轨道交通车站与商业开发相结合,大大提升了周边地块乃至区域的商业开发价值。结合上海轨道交通10和12号线天潼路站与周边地块商业开发设计,介绍和分析了轨道交通车站与商业开发结合设计的注意要点。这可为同类工程提供借鉴与参考。     

城市轨道交通企业多元化发展对比研究

城市轨道交通投资周期长、成本高、收益见效慢,许多轨道交通企业负债累累,但随着城市轨道交通在我国的高速发展,越来越多的轨道交通企业开启多元化经营进而实现多元化发展。本文列举了四个我国典型大都市的轨道交通多元化发展情况,结合政府颁布的土地政策,可以看出轨道交通多元化发展的重要性,以及政府将土地交由轨道交通企业自行开发、使用,政府在其中主要充当监管者的角色。这样有助于实现其多元化经营,进而带动多元化发展与城市可持续发展。     

Choosing the wrong technology: Or how to spend billions and reduce transit use

In spite of a broad consensus among transportation analysts that bus rapid transit, whether operating on exclusive rights-of-way or on uncongested high occupancy vehicle lanes or general purpose limited access facilities, provides higher performance and has significantly lower costs per passenger trip than rail transit in medium and low density cities, nearly all Sunbelt cities are building or planning heavy or light rail systems. This paper reviews previous studies of the cost-effectiveness of heavy and light rail transit with bus-rapid transit and the growing experience with busways and transitways and concludes, once again, that some form of bus rapid transit would be a far more effective way of providing improved transit in these cities than heavy or light rail transit. Not only would bus rapid transit be substantially cheaper, but it would provide a higher quality of service than light or heavy rail transit for virtually all users. Finally, the paper speculates on the reasons for the continued, “blind” commitment to rail transit by policymakers in Sunbelt cities and on the refusal of policymakers in all but a few of these cities to even consider bus rapid transit.     

关于城市轨道交通工程水文地质勘察工作的探讨

结合轨道交通岩土工程勘察的特点,对当前水文地质勘察的外业与室内试验工作进行了分析与探讨,并对轨道交通工程中水文地质条件分析与评价进行了阐述,阐明了该项工作在轨道交通工程中的重要性与必要性,以供同行参考.     

Evaluating security of rail transit systems: A metric system approach

Crime and fear of crime is a major problem plaguing U.S. transit systems, particularly those serving large urban areas. This paper presents a normative framework for assessing rail transit security following a system-wide metric approach. The security metric can also be used to assess the marginal improvement in security as a result of improving or adopting alternative policing and monitoring strategies. The model consists of five tasks: surveying rail transit security systems, developing a rail transit security metric, assigning efficiency ratings to rail security functions, developing a composite index for the efficiency of the overall security system, and applying a probability matrix to temper the results. Efficiency ratings can be translated into probability of occurrence figures that can be used in a decision tree context to improve rail transit security.     

Modeling a rail transit alignment considering different objectives

An optimization model for station locations for an on-ground rail transit line is developed using different objective functions of demand and cost as both influence the planning of a rail transit alignment. A microscopic analysis is performed to develop a rail transit alignment in a given corridor considering a many-to-one travel demand pattern. A variable demand case is considered as it replicates a realistic scenario for planning a rail transit line. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) based on a Geographical Information System (GIS) database is developed to optimize the station locations for a rail transit alignment. The first objective is to minimize the total system cost per person, which is a function of user cost, operator cost, and location cost. The second objective is to maximize the ridership or the service coverage of the rail transit alignment. The user cost per person is minimized separately as the third objective because the user cost is one of the most important decision-making factors for planning a transit system from the users’ perspective. A transit planner can make an informed decision between various alternatives based on the results obtained using different objective functions. The model is applied in a case study in the Washington, DC area. The optimal locations and sequence of stations obtained using the three objective functions are presented and a comparative study between the results obtained is shown in the paper. In future works we will develop a combinatorial optimization problem using the aforementioned objectives for the rail transit alignment planning and design problem.     

The federal rail transit policy: Rhetoric or reality?

Almost two years ago the U.S. Department of Transportation issued a formal statement of policy on rail transit. The aim of the policy was to articulate more clearly some of the basic principles and philosophy which would guide Federal participation in urban rail transit investment. The paper examines the principal tenets of the policy and assesses its influence on local rail transit development.     

城市轨道交通运营突发事件应急处置体系的思考

结合上海轨道交通网络化运营生产组织工作实际,针对轨道交通生产经营过程中的风险源,对其运营突发事件的应急处置工作进行分析和研究,从风险源分析、能力评估、组织架构及体系建设等方面着手,提出能够适应城市轨道交通网络化运营需求应急处置体系的一些设想。     

Impacts of rail transit access on land and housing values in China: a quantitative synthesis

ABSTRACT

Rail transit investment has been viewed as a prominent policy instrument for local and regional development. However, little is known about to what extent the theorised changes in land and housing values arising from rail transit access can be substantiated by evidence in a large developing country context. This paper presents a quantitative review of empirical studies that analysed the impacts of rail transit access on land and housing values in China. We review empirical analyses in 67 studies from 1997 to 2018 for which we encode quantitative results along with a range of theoretically combinations of spatially contextual characteristics, data and methodological-design characteristics. The results show that there are significant variations in the size estimates of effects of rail transit access across studies. Such variations are associated with rail project types, data and methodological designs. Our study provides the insights on what has already been known and what needs to be known on evaluating real estate consequences of rail transit improvements in developing countries.     

模块化产业链视角的城市轨道交通设计行业知识整合体系探讨

首先从模块化产业链的视角分析了城市轨道交通设计行业总线模块化结构；描述了知识结构和知识分工的方式，进而对城市轨道交通设计行业的知识整合模式进行了剖析；探讨了知识整合模式运作的知识竞争、知识创新、组织结构等因素；形成了较为全面的城市轨道交通设计行业知识整合思路。     

上海轨道交通清分系统架构中应用云计算技术的探讨

通过对上海轨道交通清分系统构架的现状分析,明确清分、线路中央计算机、车站计算机等系统之间业务功能的调整方向。根据云计算技术的特点,阐述在城市轨道交通自动售检票系统中如何建立私有云计算系统、不同服务层次服务的对象以及实施的技术路线,并提出城市轨道交通自动售检票系统云计算构架的设想与模型。