Numerical Analysis of Thermal Distortion and Residual Stresses in H13 Steel Due to Vacuum Gas Quenching

IntroductionVacuumgasquenchinginvolvinghighpressuregasasacoolingmedium,is.anincreasinglypoPularheattreatffienttechniquefor1argesteeldieblocks,forexamPleHl3die.ItisconsideredessefltialtounderstandthentheeofthegasflowandtheinfiuencethishasontemPeratureprofilesandresultaflresidualstresseswithintheheattTeatedcomPonent.SimulatingthisprocessinvolvesthesimulationofgasflowinthefurnaceaswellasthesimulationofthethermalbehaviourofthecomPoneni.However,thereisnosinglecomPatersoftwarepackageavailabletot…     

Computer modeling and validations of steel gear heat treatment processes using commercial software DANTE

The heat treatment process of a gear made of AISI 9310 carburized steel is modeled using the commercial heat treatment simulation software DANTE. Both carburization and quenching processes affect the residual stress distribution and distortion of heat-treated parts, which are important to service quality and fatigue life. DANTE/VCARB is used to design the boost/diffuse schedule of a vacuum carburization process. Oil quenching is modeled following the vacuum carburization process. Thermal gradient and phase transformation are two main sources of distortion and residual stresses in quenched parts. The relation of the carbon distribution, thermal gradient, and phase transformations during quenching is studied through the gear modeling example. Because of geometry, the residual stress distribution after quenching is non-uniform along the gear surface. In general, the root fillet has higher residual compression than either the root or tooth face locations after traditional oil quenching of carburized gears. The predicted residual stresses from the oil quenching model are imported into a single tooth fatigue bending model. The gear stresses under bending load indicate the possible cracking locations during the bending fatigue test. The importance of heat treatment residual stresses during gear design is pointed out, and it is commonly ignored in the gear design and manufacturing industry.     

实时测温技术在调质热处理中的应用

热处理工艺参数对金属部件的组织和力学性能有显著的影响,以盘形工件淬火热处理为例,采用实时测温技术准确监控淬火热处理过程中工件的加热和冷却的温度-时间历程,并结合随炉试样的组织和力学性能,科学制定出热处理工艺规范,控制热处理工艺过程,稳定热处理质量,使工件性能满足了使用要求.     

基于特征正交分解的桥梁风场模拟

推导出了随机过程特征正交分解计算公式.为提高原型谱表示法的计算速度,将特征正交分解的强形式,即基于功率谱矩阵的随机过程特征正交分解(SPT)引入到谱表示法中,代替原有的对功率谱矩阵的Cho lesky分解,并给出了实用的模拟公式.该算法可用FFT加速.结合模态截断技术,POD的引进可节省谱表示法模拟的计算量.通过算例,定义了风的吹动模态,说明了风场SPT的明确的物理意义,同时模拟方法的有效性亦得到验证.     

Conceptual Process and Analysis of Water-Gas-Shift Membrane Reactor

A new conceptual water-gas-shift(WGS) process is designed for integrated gasification combined cycle(IGCC), using membrane reactor(MR) equipped with H2-permselective zeolite membranes for the WGS reaction.The new process makes it possible to capture CO2 before power generation process by converting CO in the syngas to CO2 which can be collected after WGS reaction. The new process also produces purer H2 for combustion in gas turbine. Conceptual design of the MR, mass and heat balance analysis, and cost estimation of the new process are also provided in this paper.     

热处理件调质工艺CAPP软件系统的开发

为了提高热处理件调质工艺的设计质量与设计效率,实现零件工艺卡片存档的计算机化管理,开发了其CAPP软件系统。使用本软件可代替人工编制柱状、套状、锥状、板状以及阶梯轴类零件的调质工艺,并由计算机管理存档工艺卡片及调质工艺基础数据库。     

Finite Differential Method Simulation on Temperature Field in Process of Laser Quenching

IntroductionInfieldoflasertreatment,laserquenchofmetalmaterialsisanimportantcourse.ItisahotspotinresearchoflaserquenchtocalculatetemperaturedistributionandtosimulatethecoursebymeansofcomputerThecalculationandanalogyisnotonlyabasistoca1culateinnerstressdistributionoflaserquenching,butalsoafoundationtooptimizelaserquenchingtechnologyandtocontrolquenchingcourse.Therearemanymethodstocalculatetemperature,suchasfiniteelementmethod(FEM),finitedifferentialmethod(FDM)andsoon.Accordingtodifferentpedi…     

过程参数描述的等壁温平行平板间层流对流换热特性

传热过程中的过程参数为傅立叶定律定义的热通量.对等壁温平行平板间层流对流换热进行过程参数描述,揭示了壁面上和流体内部流动速度和速度梯度对对流换热的贡献.结果表明:如果把传热过程以过程参数进行描述可以获得对传热的深刻表述和理解.     

Integrated fluid-thermal-structural numerical analysis for the quenching of metallic components

The quenching of a metal component with a channel section in a water tank is numerically simulated. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to model the multiphase flow and the heat transfer in film boiling, nucleate boiling and convective cooling processes to calculate the difference in heat transfer rate around the component and then combining with the thermal simulation and structure analysis of the component to study the effect of heat transfer rate on the distortion of the U-channel component. A model is also established to calculate the residual stress produced by quenching. The coupling fluid-thermal-structural simulation provides an insight into the deformation of the component and can be used to perform parameter analysis to reduce the distortion of the component.     

Development of Thermal Process and Numerical Modeling

IntroductionWithinrecentdecade,thenumericaIsimulationhasbeenrapidlyachievedandhasaPpliedtothermalmanufacturingprocess.ThephasetransformationiscomplicatedbythefactthatthereareseveralmicrostructuralscaIestoconsideHl1-I4].InordertorevealtheruIeofcomplexphasetransformation,itisnecessarytousethetoolofnumericalsimulationtomodelandcontroltheoverallprocessofphasetransformation.NowthecomputersimulationcangetsomereasonabIeresultSinmanyaspectsofthermalmanufacturingprocess:e.g.,thesimulationoftemperat…     

Computer Based Simulation Maturation in Y2K

Introductionetcllneers,recent1.remotelydescribetheirproblemtoagenuinelyproductionsimulationenvironmentfromtheirlocalPC,2.submittheircomptltationaltaskstoapoolofcollaborativecomputerslocatedanywhereinthecountry,3.monitortheircomputationaltasksinteractively,then,4.examinetheirfinalreslllt8locallyfromremotelyavailablegraphicsutilities.ThisisexactlytheenvironmentthatPICMSSaim8toprovide.Todeliversuchcapabilities,thisprojectwillintegrateinnovativesoftwaredesign,computationa1mechanicstheoryandpara…     

低碳双相钢的形变强化研究

通过亚温淬火热处理获得双相组织，在此基础上，对试样进行冷拉形变复合强化处理。结果表明，15SiMnTi钢经热处理后，强度明显提高，塑性也好；在复合强化后，强度进一步提高，而塑性仍保持较好。     

Transformation Plasticity─The Effect on Metallo-Thermo-Mechanical Simulation of Carburized Quenching Process

IntroductionInelashcorhaersiblestrainaccompaniedbyslidingofcrystalsduetothermalandphasetransformationdilatationiswellknowntointensivelythethedistonionofworkpieceunderqUopching,andsomanynumericalsimulatonsll-7]havebeencAnedoutintheframeworkofmotallochermo-mechwhcsl1].Transformationplasticity(TP),anothekindofbeversiblestrain,isalsorecognizedasoneofdominantparwtersthechngthestr6ssanddistorton,andsomenumcricalcalculationaremadebytakingtheeffectintoconsideration.Figurelschematicallyillustraresthe…     

高隧道比路段隧道出入口驾驶员视觉负荷研究

为分析高隧道比路段驾驶员视觉特性变化规律与行车安全关系,本文首先分析了隧道出入口段驾驶员的瞳孔面积变化规律,并提出“负荷重复累积效应”概念表达频繁进出隧道过程中驾驶员视觉变化现象.采用瞳孔面积最大瞬态速度V_ω(t)作为评价指标描述驾驶员在隧道出入口的视觉负荷变化规律,以瞳孔面积最大瞬态速度值MTPA及换算视觉震荡持续时间作为评判视觉负荷大小的依据.建立了隧道出入口驾驶员视觉舒适度评价体系,然后依据此评价指标体系确定隧道出入口的驾驶员视觉负荷程度,最终判断隧道出入口对行车安全的影响程度.研究结果表明,本文的研究方法是可行的,可以很好地应用于高隧道比路段驾驶员视觉负荷评价研究中,可为隧道出入口安全保障提供一定的参考.     

LD钢制作钢板弹簧中心孔冲头的应用研究

本文研究了热处理工艺对LD钢制作钢板弹簧中心孔冲头的机械性能和使用寿命的影响规律,结果表明:用LD钢制作钢板弹簧中心孔冲头,经1120℃淬火、540℃高温回火处理后可以获得较好的机械性能;经1140℃淬火后深冷处理再在540℃高温回火,可以获得最佳的综合机械性能,其使用寿命比Cr_(12)MoV钢作钢板弹簧中心孔冲头的寿命分别提高7倍和9倍。     

热处理对高速钢红硬性的影响

用新研制的M2Si-3及M2Si-4研究了热处理对高速钢红硬性的影响。结果得出，提高淬火温度以增加溶入奥氏体中的碳化物以及在淬火后增加一次低温回火均可有效提高红硬性。但为通过淬火温度以提高红硬性，除必须提高钢料碳含量外还应设法细化碳化物。     

湿热导致电子元件封装脱层断裂的分析

采用高聚物基复合物作为封装材料的微电子元件易受到湿气的侵入，在焊接过程中，由于温度和湿气的影响，引发电子元件的脱层断裂。对于湿热敏感的高分子材料，当考虑其由湿热的弹性断裂问题时，裂尖和能量释放率可以表示为一个积分表达式。运用有限元法，利用能量释放率的表达式，对不同的裂纹尺寸和封装材料厚度，计算了在不同焊接温度下能量释放率的曲线。对比能量释放率的试验数据，对电子元件的断裂进行了预测。     

基于PI控制器的船舶加速过程负荷控制

在Matlab/Simulink软件中建立了某"柴-燃"联合推进系统仿真模型,利用实船试航数据对模型的准确性进行了验证,对现行的加速过程控制方法进行了仿真和机动性评估.针对应急加速过程中主机严重超负荷、正常加速时主机功率冗余过大及机动性差的问题,提出了用PI控制器设计加速过程"机-桨"联合控制的方法.该方法用主机的功率冗余量作为控制器的输入,对加速过程中主机的转速和螺距的增加率进行调控.研究结果表明,使用该方法对加速过程进行控制时,避免了主机超负荷工作,且航速增加率比现行控制方法的航速增加率提高了近70%.      

Sensitivity analysis of thermal properties on numerical simulation results of quenching process

A three-factor three-level orthogonal test project has been designed based on the numerical simulation of a Jominy quenching process. Then the data scattering effects of thermal conductivity and enthalpy of tested steel, as well as the heat exchange coefficients of the cooling media, on the results have been studied. The results can be used as a reference for choosing the input thermal parameter in finite element simulation of quenching, and for evaluating the simulation results.     

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随着城市机动车保有量的飞速增长,油气资源的短缺问题日益严重,如何采取有效措施减少能源消耗是一个值得深入研究的问题。用双层规划思想建立先进出行者信息系统和油耗的最优速度确定的优化模型。在此模型中,上层规划是通过系统总出行时间和油耗总量确定最优速度的问题,下层问题是在一定速度条件下考虑先进出行者信息系统影响的出行道路选择行为,构造了弹性需求条件下的随机用户平衡配流模型,并给出了一个平衡迭代算法进行求解。最后用了一个简单的算例,对模型的求解算法进行了验证。研究结果显示,随着出行者对道路实际情况认识程度的降低,可以通过提高装备ATIS设备的出行者比率,使得出行者能够合理地进行路径选择,从而降低系统总费用。