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水下滑翔机是一种节能型水下航行器,其转弯运动可近似视为稳态螺旋运动的一部分。为指导水下滑翔机在限制水域(近海底或近壁面)内的转向运动,本文对水下滑翔机稳态螺旋运动的时间、空间尺度特征开展分析。基于水下滑翔机的运动学和动力学方程,建立了其稳态螺旋运动的仿真方法,并与已公开发表的结果进行对比验证。分析稳态螺旋运动的轨迹特点,给出了其时间、空间尺度特征描述方法,并建立了时空尺度特征的研究思路。以Seawing水下滑翔机为例,定量地揭示了时空尺度特征随控制参数间的变化规律,并发现了上浮和下潜运动中变化规律的不同之处。 相似文献
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浮力驱动式水下滑翔机对我国海洋勘探和国防建设有着重要的应用前景。本文介绍了水下滑翔机的工作机理,对某一滑翔机,重点设计了实现姿态调整的横滚控制组件和俯仰控制组件,同时提出总体布局的原则,并给出了滑翔机总体结构布局方案。对所设计的滑翔机的总体衡重参数和流体动力参数进行了计算,初步验证了总体设计方案的可行性,可以满足设计指标要求。 相似文献
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结合水下滑翔机的机动性和多足机器人的灵活性,研制兼具这2个特性的新型水下多足滑翔机器人.基于黏性流体理论,将多计算域法与滑移网格法高效结合,开展不同攻角和不同航速下的水动力数值计算研究,分析升阻力、升阻比和力矩与攻角、航速之间的变化规律,获得上浮和下潜时对应的最优攻角.以拟合的水动力参数为条件推导运动方程,对水下多足滑翔机器人的滑翔性能进行研究,得到最大水平速度的滑翔状态运动参数.该研究可为水下多足滑翔机器人外形参数优化设计提供数据支撑,同时能指导姿态调节系统的设计. 相似文献
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《中国舰船研究》2016,(1)
无人水下滑翔机是一种高效的水下机器人。实尺度滑翔机在一般水池内很难形成稳态的滑翔运动,不便于研究分析其动力学问题,因此设计一种实验尺度的水下滑翔机,详述滑翔机的设计、建模、控制与试验研究。首先,简述实验尺度滑翔机结构,利用CFD软件计算壳体的水动力参数。然后,根据机体的内部质量分布,建立滑翔机的动力学模型。最后,设计垂直剖面运动的线性二次型调节器(LQR)控制器与线性Kalman观测器,并在观察环节加入一定量的白噪声干扰。仿真结果表明,设计的控制器与观测器可在一定量干扰存在的情况下保证机体的正常运行。水池试验的结果表明,设计的滑翔机可在3 m水深范围完成稳态滑翔运动,并具有良好的稳定性及操纵性。 相似文献
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以开发适用于小型潜器的仿生操纵与推进系统为研究背景,本文以金枪鱼尾鳍为研究对象,建立了三维刚性仿生尾鳍模型,使用大型通用CFD商业软件FLUENT对特定工况下尾鳍作纵摇升沉耦合运动的非定常流场进行了数值计算,给出了尾鳍的水动力系数和尾流区域的流场特征图,初步探讨了三维仿生尾鳍的推进机理。 相似文献
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Abhra Roy Chowdhury Wang Xue Manasa Ranjan Behera S. K. Panda 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2016,21(1):102-114
This paper investigates the hydrodynamic characteristics of the rectilinear motion of a robotic fish underwater vehicle. This 2-joint, 3-link multibody vehicle model is biologically inspired by a body caudal fin carangiform fish propulsion mechanism. Navier–Stokes equations are used to compute the unsteady flow fields generated due to the interaction between the vehicle and the surrounding incompressible and Newtonian fluid (water) environment. The NACA 0014 airfoil aerodynamic profile has been designed to boost the swimming efficiency by reducing drag as the vehicle undergoes an undulatory/oscillatory motion. Using the Lighthill slender body model, a traveling wave mathematical function is defined to undulate the robotic fish posterior (caudal) region while the motion tracking is carried out by dynamic meshing technique. The results obtained show that though the net lift force approaches to zero, the net thrust or negative drag coefficient maintains a finite value dependent on kinematic parameters like tail beat frequency (TBF) and amplitude span (AS) at a given propulsive wavelength and the forward velocity of the vehicle. The results reveal the effects of TBF and AS on the coefficient of drag friction and the thrust force. Drag coefficients obtained from the simulations are compared and validated with the experimental results. The hydrodynamic results are found to be similar to the kinematic study results and suggest that TBF and AS play the most effective roles in the bioinspired propulsion technique. Relation of these parameters with propelling thrust force and forward velocity is also in conjunction over a given range of TBF and AS values. 相似文献
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设计了一种二自由度胸鳍/尾鳍协同推进的仿生机器鳕鱼,其胸鳍推进机构不仅能够单独实现前后拍翼运动、摇翼运动以及两者的复合运动,而且还可与尾鳍实现协同推进,进而分别建立了胸鳍单独推进、胸鳍/尾鳍协同推进时的水动力学模型。数值仿真及实验结果均表明,胸鳍复合运动与尾鳍协同推进时,仿生机器鱼游速最快,可达0.30 m/s,胸鳍摇翼运动推进时游速最低,仅为0.05 m/s,其他推进方式的游速介于二者之间,但均能够实现稳定的游动。与现有结果相比,所设计仿生机器鱼直线游动模态多样,稳定游速可选范围较宽,机动性较好。 相似文献
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水下机器人近水面横摇运动的解耦控制 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
水下机器人在近水面低速航行时,为了有效克服海浪干扰的作用,提高水下机器人横摇控制的性能,依据解耦控制理论和零航速减摇鳍的工作原理,在水下机器人水平面运动耦合模型的基础上运用解耦控制方法进行横摇控制.该方法将水平面运动耦合模型分解为横荡、横摇和艏摇三个子系统进行分析,根据期望性能指标配置横摇子系统模型的极点,并将均方差最小线性递推滤波算法引入到状态信号的反馈通路中.通过对各种海情下水下机器人的横摇运动姿态进行仿真,结果表明:该解耦控制方法可应用于水下机器人近水面横摇运动的控制,其控制结果良好. 相似文献
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Naomi Kato 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》1998,3(3):113-121
The objectives of this study were the development of a new device for maneuvering an underwater vehicle using the mechanism
of a fish swimming, an experimental and theoretical analysis of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the device, and its application
to maneuvering a fish robot. Observations and experimental analysis of the pectoral fins of a black bass (Micropterus salmoides) revealed that the locomotion of the fish, such as swimming forward at low speed, swimming backward, and turning in a horizontal
plane is generated by using a combination of a feathering motion and a lead-lag motion of the pectoral fins. A mechanical
pectoral fin making a feathering motion and a lead-lag motion generates a thrust force in a range of phase differences between
both motions. The unsteady vortex lattice method, including the effect of viscosity, can express fairly well the unsteady
forces acting on the mechanical pectoral fin in the range of phase differences where it exerts the thrust force. The fish
robot, consisting of a model fish body and a pair of mechanical pectoral fins, can not only swim forward and turn in almost
the same position, but can also swim in a lateral direction without changing the yaw angle.
Translation of an article that appeared in the Journal of The Society of Naval Architects of Japan, vol. 182 (1997): The original
article won the SNAJ prize, which is awarded annually to the best papers selected from the SNAJ Journal, JMST, or other quality
journals in the field of naval architecture and ocean engineering. 相似文献
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碟形水下滑翔机动态稳定性建模仿真研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
碟形水下滑翔机是一种新型水下滑翔机,由于其机身与机翼紧密连接在一起形成类飞碟的流线型,该线型具有全向运动特性,因此碟形水下滑翔机具有极高的灵活性。针对碟形水下滑翔机这一特征,利用多体动力学对碟形水下滑翔机原理样机三维定常运动过程进行仿真,分析其三维动态稳定性的特征;通过直线定常运动和直线滑翔过程中转向运动的轨迹仿真结果可以看出,碟形水下滑翔机的运动轨迹特征与常规水下滑翔机相同,证实设计的碟形水下滑翔机原理样机的可行性。 相似文献