国内轻型柴油机企业的竞争与变局

近年来，随着政府对节能减排工作的愈来愈重视，汽车，尤其是商用车的柴油化率在逐年走高。而在商用车中，重、中型卡车全部采用柴油机，轻型卡车和大、中型客车主要采用柴油机，微型卡车和轻型客车的柴油化率则正在逐年升高中。     

轻型柴油机的竞争与变局

近年来，随着政府对节能减排工作的愈来愈重视，汽车，尤其是商用车的柴油化率在逐年走高。而在商用车中，重、中型卡车全部采用柴油机，轻型卡车和大、中型客车主要采用柴油机，微型卡车和轻型客车的柴油化率则正在逐年升高中。     

国内柴油机企业的竞争与变局--2005年柴油机市场分析

1 中、重卡的市场走向决定了柴油机的市场走向 据中国汽车工业协会最新统计,从柴油化率来看,2005年我国重卡为99%、中卡98%、轻卡89%;大客91%、中客97%、轻客35%.可以说,商用车尤其是中、重卡（相对于中、重卡来讲,大、中型客车的市场份额很小）的市场走向决定了柴油机的市场走向（如表1）. 　　……     

国内轻型柴油机企业的竞争与变局

通过对轻型柴油机行业现状、汽车产业调整和振兴规划细则出台对轻机市的冲击的分析，阐明了排放标准升级和外资进入正在改变轻机产业格局的变局。     

国内柴油机企业竞争态势分析及下半年市场走向

发动机是汽车的心脏.因此,在汽车业有句老话:"得发动机者得天下".由于柴油机得天独厚的节油性能、优良的可靠性和比汽油机几乎长一倍的使用寿命,故在重、中型卡车和大型客车上几乎全部采用柴油机,轻型卡车和轻、中型客车上也多半采用柴油机.因此对商用车行业而言,"得柴油机者得天下".     

国内柴油机企业的竞争与变局--2005年柴油机市场分析

12005年商用车市场走势特征及影响因素分析据中国汽车工业协会最新统计,从柴油化率来看,2005年我国重卡为99%、中卡98%、轻卡89%;大客91%、中客97%、轻客35%。因此可以说,商用车,尤其是中、重卡(相对于中、重卡来讲,大、中型客车的市场份额很小)的市场走向决定了柴油机的市场走     

国内主要商用车企业柴油机资源及国Ⅲ产品开发状况——国内车用柴油机主要生产企业调研报告系列（2）

发动机是汽车的心脏。由于柴油机得天独厚的节油性能、优良的可靠性和比汽油机几乎长一倍的使用寿命，故重、中型卡车和大型客车上几乎全部采用柴油机，轻、微型卡车和轻、中型客车上也多半采用柴油机。因此，对商用车企业而言，“赢柴油机者赢天下”。     

国内载货车企业的竞争与变局

由于2004年中国乘用车市场相对低迷、竞争激烈,业内人士普遍认为2005年国内主要汽车集团将会纷纷重兵布局、抢摊载货车市场,再加上国内产业新军的加盟和国外同类企业的进入,因此可以预见,国内2005年载货车企业之间的竞争将比以往任何时期都更加惨烈。1重型车     

中重型柴油机五强生产企业竞争态势分析

由于重型柴油机的附加值要比轻型柴油机高得多，再加上近年因重卡市场的火爆带来重型柴油机市场需求的快速增长，故国内骨干柴油机企业都把战略重点放在了重型机上。由于企业的高度重视，目前国产重型柴油机无论市场占有率，还是技术水平，都是国内发动机产业的强项。近几年重机市场集中度很高，潍柴、玉柴、锡柴、东风康明斯和重汽五强的重机市场占有率之和占整个重机市场85％以上。     

中重型柴油机五强生产企业竞争态势分析

由于重型柴油机的附加值要比轻型柴油机高得多，再加上近年因重卡市场的火爆带来重型柴油机市场需求的快速增长，故国内骨干柴油机企业都把战略重点放在了重型机上。由于企业的高度重视，目前国产重型柴油机无论市场占有率还是技术水平，都是国内发动机产业的强项。近几年重机市场集中度很高，潍柴、玉柴、锡柴、东风康明斯和重汽五强的重机市场占有率之和占整个重机市场85％以上。     

Operating strategy for gasoline/diesel dual-fuel premixed compression ignition in a light-duty diesel engine

Environmental problems have become a major issue for diesel engine development. Although emission aftertreatment systems such as DPFs (diesel particulate filters), LNTs (lean NOx traps) and SCR (selective catalytic reduction) have been used in diesel vehicles, the manufacturing cost increase caused by this equipment can be hard to be control. Thus, it is better for engine emissions to be reduced by improving the combustion system. A dual-fuel combustion concept is a recommended method to improve a combustion system and effectively reduce emissions. Low reactivity fuel including gasoline and natural gas, which was supplied to the intake port by the FPI (port fuel injector), improved the premixed air-fuel mixture conditions before ignition. Additionally, a small amount of high reactivity fuel, in this case diesel, was injected into the cylinder directly as an ignition source. This dual-fuel combustion promises lower levels of NOx (nitrogen oxide) and PM (particulate matter) emissions due to the elimination of local rich regions in the cylinder. However, it is challenging to control the dual-fuel combustion because the combustion stability and efficiency deteriorate due to the lack of ignition source and reactivity. Thus, it is important to establish an appropriate dual-fuel operating strategy to achieve stable, high efficiency and low emission operation. As a result of this research, a detailed operating method of dual-fuel PCI (premixed compression ignition) was introduced in detail at a low speed and low load condition by using a single cylinder diesel engine. Engine operating parameters including the gasoline ratio, a diesel injection strategy consisting of multiple injectors and timing, the EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) rate and the intake pressure were controlled to satisfy the low ISNOx (indicated specific NOx) and PM emissions levels (0.21 g/kWh and 0.1 FSN, 0.040 g/kWh, respectively) as per the EURO-6 regulation without any after-treatment systems. The results emphasized that a well-constructed dual-fuel PCI operating strategy showed low NOx and PM emissions and high GIE (gross indicated fuel conversion efficiency) with excellent combustion stability.     

Nonlinear sliding mode observer for exhaust manifold pressure estimation in a light-duty diesel engine

In this paper, a sliding mode observer is proposed to estimate exhaust pressure for a diesel engine equipped with variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systems. Since the exhaust pressure directly affects generation of the VGT power and the EGR rate in the cylinder, the exhaust pressure information is important for precise control of the VGT and EGR systems. In order to estimate the exhaust pressure accurately, a dynamic model of intake and exhaust pressure was derived. Furthermore, the mass flow rate and temperature of the air system in the diesel engines were modeled by consideration of physical phenomena and the thermodynamic law. Based on the developed models, a nonlinear sliding mode observer was designed to estimate the exhaust pressure. Convergence of the proposed observer was verified by the Lyapunov stability criterion. The proposed observer was implemented on a real-time embedded system and validated with the engine experiments. The experimental results show that the observer estimates the exhaust pressure accurately in both steady and transient engine operating conditions. Moreover, as a case study, the estimation results of the proposed observer could be applied for detecting a fault of the EGR system. The fault of the EGR system was detected precisely using the estimation result and the limited sensor information in mass-produced engines.     

Numerical study of a light-duty diesel engine with a dual-loop EGR system under frequent engine operating conditions using the doe method

Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is an emission control technology that allows for a significant reduction in NOx emissions from light- and heavy-duty diesel engines. The primary effects of EGR are a lower flame temperature and a lower oxygen concentration of the working fluid in the combustion chamber. A high pressure loop (HPL) EGR is characterized by a fast response, especially at lower speeds, but is only applicable if the turbine upstream pressure is sufficiently higher than the boost pressure. On the contrary, for the low pressure loop (LPL) EGR, a positive differential pressure between the turbine outlet and the compressor inlet is generally available. However, a LPL EGR is characterized by a slow response, especially at low and moderate speeds. In this study, of the future types of EGR systems, the dual-loop EGR system (which has the combined features of the high-pressure loop EGR and the low-pressure loop EGR) was developed and was optimized under five selected operating conditions using a commercial engine simulation program (GT-POWER) and the DOE method. Finally, significant improvements in the engine exhaust emissions and performance were obtained by controlling several major variables.     

柴油一天然气双燃料发动机介绍

本文通过对双燃料系统进行原理、系统优缺点介绍,经济性进行分析,认为双燃料发动机比柴油发动机有更大的推广潜力,使人们对双燃料重卡相对于柴油重卡有有比较深刻的认识。     

柴油机的预防维修与检查

成都公交从1995年开始大量使用柴油机,先后装车的有杭发6120、朝柴6102、上柴D6114A、上柴D6114B、玉柴和大柴柴油机,至现在使用了上柴T6114ZLQ4B。多年以来对柴油机的维修除了定期保养外,对故障均是采取了视情修理,即用坏了再卸下维修。这种局面不仅造成维修费用的浪费,也耽误了营运车辆的正常生产。经过多年的实践,我认为完全可以对柴油机进行预防性检查与维修。     

借"欧Ⅲ"东风,卡位电控柴油机市场--东风康明斯强力推出电控柴油机产品

随着北京2008年奥运会日趋临近,我国将全面实施欧Ⅲ排放法规,而北京、上海等城市将提前实施该法规。由于欧III排放标准将迫使卡车和大客车逐渐放弃传统的机械式柴油发动机转而采用电控发动机,这种大规模的技术升级不仅将催生出新的商机,也可能彻底改变原有产业竞争态势,因此,柴     

Gain-scheduled EGR control algorithm for light-duty diesel engines with static-gain parameter modeling

This paper presents a model-based gain scheduling algorithm of a PI-based EGR controller for light-duty diesel engines. In order to capture nonlinear characteristic of the EGR system, we have proposed a new scheduling variable to illustrate the static-gain of the plant model as a linear function. The proposed scheduling variable is composed of the air-tofuel ratio of the exhaust gas and the pressure ratio between the exhaust and intake manifolds. Using the scheduling variable, a static-gain model achieved 0.94 of the R-squared value with 810 of steady-state measurements which include key engine operating conditions. Based on the model of the static-gain parameter, the gains of the PI controller are decided by Skogestad internal model control (SIMC) tuning rule in real-time. Through various scenarios of engine experiments, the proposed gain scheduling algorithm represented that the PI gains were successfully adapted according to the changes of the engine operating conditions.     

催化还原清洁柴油机尾气

梅赛德斯-奔驰开发了选择性催化还原技术来减少柴油机排放的NOx，满足了世界上最严格的，适用于2015年的欧五排放标准     

车用燃料和车用柴油机技术的发展动向

从石油类液体、烃类气体、醇醚类、新型液体等燃料的应用分析了车用燃料的发展动向,从进气方式、喷油系统、涡轮增压、排气后处理、混合动力方面分析了柴油机技术的发展动向,并展望了未来几年的发展。