某跨海大桥复合桥墩潮流作用下局部冲刷深度的数值分析

桥墩冲刷已被公认为桥梁水毁的一个重要原因,为了确保桥梁的安全和减少因大桥关闭引起的交通中断,准确评价桥梁冲刷深度从而采取相应对策措施显得非常必要.对目前大桥工程普遍采用的复合桥墩的冲刷深度进行研究,主要结合某一跨海大桥不同桥型方案(三塔斜拉、三塔悬索和双塔斜拉),采用SMS软件中的FESWMS模块,分析了在大桥运行期内潮流作用下复合桥墩周围最大可能冲刷深度,从而为工程设计提供理论依据.     

东海大桥桥梁桩基过度冲刷区域防护试验工程施工对通航安全的影响分析

通过对东海大桥桥墩的多次扫测和人工探摸,发现部分桥墩区域发生严重的冲刷现象,部分桩基冲刷深度已超过设计警戒值,为保障桥梁安全并防止冲刷进一步影响桥梁安全,对桥墩桩基实施保护措施。试验工程采用混凝土联锁块护底、抛填袋装碎石和混凝土填料、栅栏板压边、安装主动勾连体等措施对桥梁的7个桥墩进行安全防护。通过对东海大桥周边海域通航环境、船舶习惯航路及交通流量等方面进行分析,发现在施工过程中采取设置警戒船、合理安排施工期间交通组织等安全措施后,桥墩防护试验工程施工对东海大桥2号主通航孔通航的大型船舶影响较小,对周边海域通航的小型渔船会产生一定的影响。     

九江大桥桥墩冲刷机理分析及防护对策

桥墩基础冲刷是近年河口及沿海地区桥梁普遍存在的问题,本文结合九江大桥工程实际,介绍桥墩基础冲刷机理及防护措施     

东海大桥桥墩冲刷防护工程护底结构稳定性试验研究

东海大桥是上海国际航运中心洋山深水港工程的重要组成部分。据实测显示,自大桥建成后,部分桥墩周围发生了明显的局部冲刷现象,最大冲刷深度已达到或稍超出设计时预估的冲刷深度。为确保桥梁安全运营,对桥墩实施防护工程是非常必要的。文章采用物理模型试验方法,研究了波浪和水流组合作用下典型桥墩防护方案护底结构稳定性。研究结果表明:100 a重现期波浪(H_s=5.12 m,T=10.5 s)与最大可能流速(1.98 m/s)共同作用下,对底床形成有效防护需要25 000个钩连体,对于混凝土联锁块软体排方案,需要辅助压脚结构,其中网箱石笼结构的受力性能好,材料利用率高。     

基于BP神经网络的冲积河床桥墩局部冲刷深度预测模型

桥墩局部冲刷深度是确定桥墩基础埋深的重要依据,过大的冲刷是桥梁水毁的主要原因之一.利用神经网络和一些实测数据建立BP神经网络模型,进行冲刷深度的预测,用收集到的桥墩局部冲刷数据样本训练并测试BP神经网络模型.测试结果表明由BP神经网络模型得出的桥墩局部冲刷深度预测值与实测值比较吻合,说明该神经网络模型预测桥墩局部冲刷深度是可行的、有效的.     

河流桥墩冲刷分析

近年来桥梁损毁事故常有发生,桥梁的安全性成为重要研究课题。结合最新资料对大桥桥墩周围复杂水流结构进行了详细分析,再分别从墩形、水流速度及水流方向与墩轴交角对局部冲刷影响进行了探讨,对冲刷影响因素进行了概括总结,对一般冲刷和局部冲刷深度计算公式的实际应用条件及范围进行了分析说明,对当前研究中存在的问题和解决方法及未来研究方向进行了展望。     

桩承台桥墩基础局部冲刷数值模拟研究

为研究桩承台桥墩基础局部冲刷机理及其局部冲刷影响特性,本文采用CFD软件建立三维水沙动力模型研究了矩形与梯形承台桩承台桥墩基础在不同承台高程下的局部冲刷特性。同时,采用HEC-18公式对矩形承台桩承台桥墩基础局部冲刷深度进行计算。研究结果表明：不同承台高程下将影响桩承台桥墩基础最大局部冲刷深度,且不同承台形状对周边水流产生不同的影响,说明承台在桩承台桥墩基础局部冲刷中具有举足轻重的作用,而HEC-18公式计算结果同样说明随着承台高程向泥面靠近,承台部分对局部冲刷深度贡献增大,且梯形承台桩承台桥墩基础增加及影响更为显著。     

往复流不同入射角条件下跨海大桥桥墩局部冲刷研究

文章以港珠澳跨海大桥工程为依托,采用理论计算和模型试验的手段进行研究,在公式得到验证的基础上,针对往复流不同入射角条件下桥墩局部冲刷深度问题进行探讨。结果表明:潮汐往复流条件下,桥墩上下游均出现局部冲刷,且上游冲刷深度大于下游;当桥墩迎流面与往复流流向基本垂直时,桥墩局部冲刷深度理论计算值略大于模型试验值,误差均在10%以内;在顺流面长度大于迎流面宽度的矩形桩墩墩型条件不变时,桥墩局部冲刷深度随往复流来流入射角的增大以变速率增大,且当入射角大于一定值时,桥墩冲刷深度趋于稳定。     

双向流桥墩局部冲刷计算分析

文中针对潮流作用下的桥墩冲刷深度进行分析探讨,通过对闵浦三桥水中墩的局部冲刷深度进行计算分析,选取较为合理的局部冲刷深度作为双向水流作用下的桥墩局部冲刷深度,为工程设计施工提供参考。     

潮汐河段桥墩局部冲刷深度的试验研究

随着公路延伸到潮汐河道和近海海港,在桥梁设计中需要对潮汐河段桥墩的局部冲刷深度进行分析。在动床模型试验中使用了典型的潮汐水流条件和3种代表性的模型沙。使用拍照和测量记录下冲刷坑的形态和深度变化过程,得到了潮汐河段桥墩的冲刷过程,将潮流冲刷的深度与恒定流的深度进行比较,得出不同条件下冲刷深度的折减系数为0.75~0.92,建议以涨落急最大流速代替恒定流流速作为计算的标准,试验结果还表明泥沙粒径小于0.15 mm条件下的公式计算结果与试验结果有差别,建议对公式进行修正。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.