基于混沌蚁群算法的最短路径选择研究

如何解决最短路径选择问题一直是城市交通流诱导系统的关键之一.基于群体仿生理论的蚁群算法是解决此问题的一种方法,针对采用蚁群算法进行最短路径选择时易出现的陷入局部最优解问题,引入混沌理论,采用混沌蚁群算法利用混沌初始化进行改善个体质量和利用混沌扰动避免在蚁群算法搜索过程中陷入局部极值,同时降低了蚁群算法的时间复杂度,从而更好的解决了最短路径选择问题.     

基于多邻域的车辆路径优化迭代局部搜索算法

针对物流配送中的带有容量约束的车辆路径优化问题,提出了一个基于多邻域的迭代局部搜索算法HILS.首先用简单插入法构造可行解,然后从该初始解出发,在多邻域内进行局部优化.当陷入局部最优解后,根据解的接受准则,选择某个解,并对该解进行扰动,然后从扰动后的解出发重新进行局部优化.为提高搜索效率,局部优化过程只在限定邻域内进行.在国际通用的14个benchmark问题上进行仿真实验,结果验证了本文算法HILS的有效性和稳定性,与文献中的其他几种算法的比较结果表明,算法HILS的总体性能更优.     

基于改进灰狼算法优化BP 神经网络的短时交通流预测模型

准确的短时交通流预测是交通控制和交通诱导的依据. 提出一种基于改进灰狼算法(TGWO)优化BP 神经网络的短时交通流预测模型(TGWO-BP),有效提高短时交通流预测精度. 针对标准灰狼算法(GWO)收敛速度慢,容易陷入局部极值的问题,提出一种自适应递减的收敛因子,使灰狼算法区分全局搜索和局部搜索;改进灰狼个体的位置更新公式,引入惯性权重,调节惯性权重大小使灰狼算法具有跳出局部极值的能力;对比分析TGWO-BP、GWOBP 、PSO-BP、BP这4 种短时交通流预测模型,结果显示,TGWO-BP的短时交通流预测模型误差为10.03%,达到较好的预测精度.     

Local Search Algorithm with Hybrid Neighborhood and Its Application to Job Shop Scheduling Problem

A new local search method with hybrid neighborhood for Job shop scheduling problem is developed. The proposed hybrid neighborhood is not only efficient in local search, but also can help overcome entrapments while search procedure get trapped at local optima and carry the search to areas of the feasible set with better prospect. New strategies used for breaking out of entrapments are presented and they are helpful for the procedure to improve local optima. A performance comparison of the proposed method with some best-performing algorithms on all 10-job, 10-machine benchmark problems and the other two problems generated by Fisher and Thompson ( ie. , FT6 and FT20) is made. The experiment results show the better optimal performance of the proposed algorithm.     

TDOA Passive Location Based on Cuckoo Search Algorithm

This paper formulates a new framework to estimate the target position by adopting cuckoo search(CS)positioning algorithm. Addressing the nonlinear optimization problem is a crucial spot in the location system of time difference of arrival(TDOA). With the application of the Levy flight mechanism, the preferential selection mechanism and the elimination mechanism, the proposed approach prevents positioning results from falling into local optimum. These intelligent mechanisms are useful to ensure the population diversity and improve the convergence speed. Simulation results demonstrate that the cuckoo localization algorithm has higher locating precision and better performance than the conventional methods. Compared with particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm and Newton iteration algorithm, the proposed method can obtain the Cram′er-Rao lower bound(CRLB) and quickly achieve the global optimal solutions.     

遗传算法求解旅行商问题

本文提出一种新的遗传算法，用以求解著名的组合优化难题－旅行商问题。引用原始的文献数据，对城市数为10、30、50的试例均求得公布的最优解，对城市数为75的试例，每次结果均好于公布的最优解。用此算法求解中国旅行商问题，以20％的概率得到已知最优解1540km。或次最优解15409km，而所得最差与最好结果的相对距离为0．69％（即所得最长路径为15510km)。在COMPAQ／DX／25MH微机上每得到一个优化解平均历时150s左右。本算法与传统求解TSP问题的方法相比，具有简单、强壮、高效、高速的特点，它原则上对任何规模的对称欧几里德平面TSP具有通用性。     

An Effective Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem

IntroductionVehicle routing problem(VRP)is a well-known combinatorial optimization problem and isalso a focal problem of distribution managementwithin the area of service operations managementand logistics.Capacitated vehicle routing problem(CVRP)is a very hard vehicle routing problem.The problem is to simultaneously determine theroutes for several vehicles from a central depot to aset of customers,and then return to the depotwithout exceeding the capacity constraints of eachvehicle.In prac…     

求解拆卸线平衡问题的改进人工蜂群算法

大规模拆卸线平衡问题（disassembly line balancing problem,DLBP）是NP完全问题。为克服传统算法求解DLBP搜索过于随机、易于早熟,且求解难度随任务规模的增加呈指数级增长等不足,构建了基于最小化工作站、均衡负荷、尽早拆卸有危害和高需求零部件的DLBP多目标优化模型,在此基础上,提出了改进人工蜂群算法。该算法包括以下4个阶段:在初始解生成阶段,引入危害指标和需求指标,提升算法收敛性能;在雇佣蜂搜索阶段,采取可变步长搜索策略,增加对较优解的搜索深度,加速淘汰劣解;在观察蜂搜索阶段,采用常规搜索与蠕动搜索相结合的混合搜索策略;在侦察蜂搜索阶段,构造了基于分布估计的搜索策略,引导搜索过程。应用本文算法对70个测试问题进行求解,其中65个求得了最优解,寻优率为92.86%;对10个任务实例求得最优解的需求指标为9730个,比蚁群算法减少了360个;52个任务实例的开启工作站数目、平滑率和拆卸成本3项指标均取得了更优的结果,求解较大规模问题的性能显著提升。      

Dynamic Tabu Search Algorithm for Solving Departure Scheduling Problem

IntroductionWith the rapid development of air traffic, the in-creasing demand of air travel has made the airlinespurchase more aircrafts. Under these circumstances,large amounts of congestion are incurred at major air-ports. According to the related data[…     

Novel Local Search Method for the Traveling Salesman Problem

A new local search method for the traveling salesman problem based on an original greedy representation of solution space and neighborhood structure is proposed. First, a partial closed route that only consists of three cities is given; then other cities are added to this route by a greedy procedure successively. Implemented on a personal computer, this algorithm finds optimal solutions for 24 out of 27 standard benchmarks, and outperforms the Full Subpath Ejection Algorithm (F-SEC) proposed by Rego in 1998.     

JD多车型配送车辆调度问题的模型及其禁忌搜索算法研究

在建立多车型配送车辆调度问题的数学模型的基础上,通过设计一种新的解的表示方法建立了求解该问题的禁忌搜索算法.实验计算证明,该算法不仅可以取得很好的计算结果,而且计算效率较高,收敛速度较快,计算结果也较稳定.     

高速列车停站优化问题的两阶段求解算法

为了提高高速列车停站优化问题的求解效率,以高速列车停站设置原则为基础,分析了影响列车停站的主要因素,从方便旅客出行及减少旅客出行广义费用两方面考虑,建立了列车停站方案综合优化模型.结合列车停站优化问题的特点,提出了包含初步优化和综合优化的两阶段优化算法,初步优化阶段采用基于先验知识的局部优化方法,可以快速有效的获得问题的较优解,综合优化阶段利用具有较强爬山能力的禁忌搜索算法进行全局优化.最后对某高速铁路高峰小时开行列车的停站优化问题进行求解.结果表明,两阶段优化算法比一般禁忌搜索算法效率提高约30%.     

公交司机排班问题的混合元启发算法研究

针对我国公交企业中司机在1 个工作日内驾驶同一辆车的“人车绑定”管理模式, 提出混合元启发算法求解司机排班问题.首先建立以车辆数为目标的车辆调度模型,获得仅 满足司机休息时间的非可行解;接着迭代地使用局部搜索算子、破坏重建扰动等方法对解进 行调整,使其满足司机工作时间和吃饭时间等约束,并尽可能地降低排班成本;在迭代搜索 过程中记录发现的可行排班链集合,迭代结束后构建集合覆盖问题(SCP)模型对其进行改 进,以获得最佳的司机排班方案.在13 条公交线路案例上进行测试,实验结果验证了本文算 法的有效性.     

Application of particle swarm algorithm in the optimal allocation of regional water resources based on immune evolutionary algorithm

The optimal allocation model of regional water resources is built with the purpose of maximizing the comprehensive economic,social and environmental benefits of regional water consumption.In order to solve the problems that easily appear during the model solution of regional water resource optimal allocation with multiple water sources,multiple users and multiple objectives like＂curse of dimensionality＂or sinking into local optimum,this paper proposes a particle swarm optimization（PSO）algorithm based on immune evolutionary algorithm（IEA）.This algorithm introduces immunology principle into particle swarm algorithm.Its immune memorizing and self-adjusting mechanism is utilized to keep the particles in the fitness level at a certain concentration and guarantee the diversity of population.Also,the global search characteristics of IEA and the local search capacity of particle swarm algorithm have been fully utilized to overcome the dependence of PSO on initial swarm and the deficiency of vulnerability to local optimum.After applying this model to the allocation of water resources in Zhoukou,we obtain the scheme for optimization allocation of water resources in the planning level years,i.e.2015and 2025 under the guarantee rate of 50%.The calculation results indicate that the application of this algorithm to solve the issue of optimal allocation of regional water resources is reliable and reasonable.Thus it ofers a new idea for solving the issue of optimal allocation of water resources.     

一种改进蚁群优化算法的仿真研究

针对蚁群优化算法存在容易陷入局部最优、收敛速度慢、参数设置复杂等缺点,提出了一种改进的蚁群优化算法,研究了伪随机比例转移规则中参数 的取值方法,并对信息素的取值方式和信息素的更新规则进行了改进。最后以中国31个城市的旅行商问题和路径规划问题为实例,分别运用改进前后的蚁群算法进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明：改进之后的算法不仅能够得到更好的解,更能显著地提高算法的收敛速度。     

双向蚁群算法在无人驾驶车辆路径规划中的应用

针对传统蚁群算法在无人驾驶车辆路径规划中收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优等问题,提出一种全局路径规划的双向蚁群算法.通过双向搜索策略改进蚁群算法,设计相遇机制求解更多可行路径,提高算法全局搜索能力;引入奖惩因子分别扩大和减小双向搜索后的较优路径和较差路径对信息素浓度的影响,加快求解最优路径的速度;最后在Matlab中模拟无人...     

基于无人机的高层住宅最后“一百米”配送优化

针对城市高层住宅顾客对上门配送服务的需求，借助无人机停放平台，考虑包裹异质性以及无人机在不同配送阶段的精确能耗，构建以无人机飞行成本和能耗成本最小为目标，以无人机容量、电池组容量等为约束的高层住宅无人机上门配送模型，解决“垂直位置最后一百米配送”问题。基于此模型，设计带变邻域下降(VND)搜索的混合蚁群算法(HACO-VND)，引入4个算子进行变邻域下降搜索，为了提高算法的求解性能，提出两种局部搜索算子组合，根据顾客点数量使用不同的算子组合。实验结果表明，HACO-VND算法较CPLEX在求解精度与求解时间方面更优，特别是在大中型算例中表现出较佳性能。参数分析表明，高层住宅楼层数越多，无人机单次 飞行的能耗利用率越大，无人机容量与电池组容量共同对配送方案产生影响。为以后无人机送货上门服务方面的研究提供参考和思路。     

Intelligent Iterated Local Search Methods for Solving Vehicle Routing Problem with Different Fleets

Introduction Vehicle routing problem (VRP) with differentfleets is an important investment decision in reality. Itconsists of two decision-making processes: selectingvehicles of available types and routing the selectedfleet. A desirable fleet has more than one type of ve-hicles. Typically, the fixed cost of vehicles accountsfor approximately 80% of the total cost associatedwith vehicles[1]. The fixed cost is a major factor todetermine vehicle combination in a fleet.A few models were develope…     

基于模拟退火-自适应布谷鸟算法的城市公交调度优化研究

为改善城市常规公交运营效率,提出基于模拟退火-自适应布谷鸟算法的公交调度优化模型.通过结合线路实际客流数据反映的客流特征,建立考虑公交公司和乘客双方利益的公交调度优化模型;改进布谷鸟算法固定步长并加入模拟退火算法退火操作,设计模拟退火-自适应布谷鸟算法,改善寻优过程中跳出局部最优解而全局寻优的能力;以福州125路公交线...     

车间作业调度中基于领域搜索的混合遗传算法

车间作业调度问题是一个NP完全问题，很难用一般的方法解决．遗传算法(GA)作为全局搜索算法广泛应用于各种寻优操作中，并己成为求解车间作业调度问题(JSP)的主要方法，本文针对遗传算法应用的局限性，把领域搜索的思想应用到变异操作中，提出了一种应用于车间调度中基于领域搜索的混合遗传算法，该算法不仅保证了算法的全局收敛性、而且提高了算法的收敛速度和稳定性。