船舶企业海洋工程项目计划管理模式

全球经济的快速发展,带动了对能源的开发和生产需求,亦相应带动了对海洋工程建造的需求,因此可以预期,国内将会有更多的船舶企业进入国内和国际的海洋工程建造市场.基于对船舶企业生产计划管理模式以及海洋工程项目计划管理要求的分析,提出了船舶企业建立海洋工程项目计划管理的方法,并对企业组织结构的调整、职责的设置、计划管理层次的划分、WBS与权重的安排以及进度控制的方法进行了详细的论述.     

船舶设计计划管理与控制方法研究

面临着激烈的国际竞争,提高项目计划管理水平对于中国船舶建造企业提高核心竞争力有着重要的现实意义。分析了船舶设计计划管理中涉及的主要问题,阐述了详细设计阶段、生产设计阶段计划建立的过程,诠释了对计划进行动态控制的方法。     

船舶机电设备设计项目的计划管理

提出了一个面向船舶机电设备设计项目的计划管理方案,基于计划制定前期工作的探讨与分析,明确船舶机电设备设计计划编制的过程,同时重点论述了船舶机电设备设计计划实施过程的控制方式、进度跟踪、反馈方式以及调整方法,以真正实现对计划实施进程的动态监控。     

造船生产计划管理的信息化研究

“造船日程计划管理系统“是为实现“数字造船“研究开发的船舶制造生产计划管理的软件系统.该系统可协助生产部门安排各类计划,平衡生产负荷,跟踪生产进度,对不同生产管理方式和产品结构具有很强的适应能力,利于缩短船舶建造周期,提高生产管理效率.     

LNG船生产技术准备工作的组织管理

生产技术准备工作在整个船舶的经营建造过程中处于承上启下的关键阶段,该项工作的完善与否决定着船舶建造过程是否顺利。国内某船厂通过在液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas,LNG)船多年建造过程中的深耕细作,在船厂及船东等外方的项目组织结构建设及相应的沟通机制上形成一套制度。在编制各类作业计划时对业务环节进行评估分解,深化计划管理和计划体系建设。通过高效的沟通机制和监控制度促进各项生产技术准备工作有序推进;采取建造管理对策表的形式,对建造过程中的各类重点、难点问题进行集中管理和组织推进,有效地缩短了LNG船的生产技术准备周期,并做到不断突破,形成一套有特色且可推广的管理经验,对其他船型的生产技术准备的组织实施有极强的借鉴意义。     

基于准时化生产方式的船厂下料车间排产系统

为了改进船舶制造业生产计划管理的传统方法、提高生产效率,基于准时化生产方式,通过收集设备及人员能力数据,研发了船厂下料车间排产系统,得出优化的工序和较为合理的生产计划,可解决船舶制造业存在的建造周期长、生产计划安排不合理、生产效率低下等问题,促进船舶与海洋工程制造业的发展,取得更大的经济效益。     

船舶分段涂装并行施工调度优化

以国内某大型造船厂为背景,对船舶分段涂装施工调度问题进行优化,达到缩短分段涂装施工周期的目的。通过对分段计划管理模式的应用研究,分析船舶分段涂装的网络计划模型,制订船舶分段涂装生产分级网络计划模型,明确船舶分段涂装并行施工调度的优化方向,即引用基于遗传算法的模拟退火分层遗传算法(Simulated Annealing Hierarchical Genetic Algorithm,SAHGA),通过在算法中引入模拟退火的思路,改善算法对问题最优解的求解效率,对低层网络计划进行优化,使船舶分段涂装生产周期满足建造计划的需求。     

船舶舾装生产管理方法

船舶建造生产管理水平的不断提高,是随着船舶建造发展进行的。如何提升船舶建造生产效率,降低生产运营成本,目前仍然是一个比较大的管理难题。况且船舶舾装建造在船舶建造中尤为重要,其中大节点的定制、月计划的部署、周计划的梳理、日计划的实施都是科学生产计划中非常重要的环节。现场生产管理需对建造过程中的成果落实及节点计划的实施给予合理性的安排。文章重点对现场生产管理中的主要环节、实施计划、调度管理进行探讨,旨在分析梳理计划的运营实施并合理地安排船舶建造生产计划,为船舶舾装建造提供参考资料。     

基于UML技术的精益船舶生产计划系统的设计

摘 要：精益船舶生产计划是船厂组织精益生产活动的直接依据,其系统开发与应用有迫切需求。由于精益船舶生产计划管理流程复杂,传统的结构化设计方法难以完成系统的分析与设计。本文介绍应用UML技术进行复杂的船舶生产计划系统分析与设计。首先,分析精益船舶生产计划的特征,提炼系统的功能需求;然后,结合精益船舶生产计划管理的业务流程,划分系统功能模块并理清系统工作流;最后,对系统进行静态建模和动态建模,完成整个系统的设计。     

eM-Plant在船厂生产计划调度中的可应用性研究

造船生产计划是造船工程的一项主要内容。船舶建造过程中,如果无法确定资源的真实使用情况。将影响船舶生产计划执行及调度。通过对eM—Plant软件的建模环境进行研究,探讨建立基于eM-Plant船舶建造计划模型的构架。通过eM-Plant软件自带的算法功能,对计划执行过程中可能遇到的情况进行合理调度,确保船舶生产计划的顺利实施,及时反馈需要调整的生产计划,提高船舶产品的生产效益。     

基于科研单位的计划管理与经营策划工作研究

计划管理和经营策划在科研单位的科研生产中占有举足轻重的地位,两者相辅相成;通过讨论基于科研单位的计划管理与经营策划的工作流程及工作要点,总结出在科研单位中计划管理与经营策划两者的重要关系,对科研单位的计划经营工作有一定的指导意义.     

Policy making and planning for the port sector: paradigms in conflict

Policy making is a complex and diverse process—particularly in relation to the provision and location of port and port related infrastructure. The planning stage of port infrastructure, or indeed transport planning more generally, may be finalized only to experience policy failure as implementation of the planned facility cannot be successfully completed. When this occurs planning and implementation failure is invariably perceived to be driven by a political agenda and it is argued that 'politics gets in the way'—that politics 'distorts' a scientifically rational planning process. Is it the case that politics 'gets in the way'? Or that politics distorts a technical and scientific process? Or is it the case that planning constitutes only one part, but an integral one, of the policy process—a process that is inherently political? And if that is the case, can we legitimately separate the planning process from that of policy making? This paper discusses the fundamental differences between the planning and policy-making processes. It argues that transport planning is one element in a broader process of policy making which incorporates political and other social/economic/environmental elements. It will argue that planning is a fundamental part of the policy-making process and, if successful completion is to be achieved, it cannot be divorced from that process. The paper will provide a conceptual framework which will incorporate these apparently conflictual activities. This model, if adopted, is likely to enhance both the planning and policy-making processes.     

对综合交通规划中融入实施风险评估的思考

新时期对综合交通规划的实施性或可操作性的要求越来越高,尤其是特大城市综合交通规划涵盖的内容越来越广,已远远超出了传统交通规划的范畴。以广州市综合交通规划为例,在全面分析方案实施过程中面临的不确定性的基础上,将综合交通规划编制内容划分为设施建设、运营管理和城市规划等3个方面,并且,利用综合交通规划模型准确预测和把握各类不可控因素对交通规划方案实施的影响程度。广州的实践表明,方案编制阶段融入风险评估有利于提高交通规划的可实施性和政府科学合理分配资源,增强方案实施效果。     

Studies on the block positioning metrics system for the hull erection stage

In ship hull production, the accuracy of management activities is extremely important. The block positioning operation in the erection stage is a key process in such management. The quality of the block positioning determines not only the accuracy of the final hull, but also the productivity and cost at the erection stage. We have previously proposed the basic concepts of computer-aided accuracy management. Accuracy management activities consist of "accuracy planning activities" and "accuracy measurement activities." Accuracy measurement activities involve checking and coping with inaccuracy. We have also proposed a system of accuracy measurement metrics: one is accuracy for completion (e.g., straightness, flatness), and the other is accuracy for construction (e.g., the relative joint shapes of each part). This paper explains the detailed accuracy metrics for a block positioning operation in the erection stage. The quality of the block positioning operation is estimated by this system: the accuracy of the completed hull can be evaluated by the concept of tolerance, and the accuracy of the construction process can be evaluated by the concept of labor costs. The prototype of this accuracy metrics system is then implemented. This metrics system is combined with the optimization software program iSIGHT to decide the best block positioning process. Then some examples of the block position optimizing process are shown. Received: November 2, 2001 / Accepted: December 6, 2001     

船用电缆企业动态排产方案探索

针对船用电缆生产过程中由于型号规格繁多,技术要求复杂,单根订货长度一般较短,生产计划变化较大,插单现象频繁,无法保证交货期等问题,提出动态排产方案,通过初步实施该方案,明显改善了生产计划准确性等问题。     

面向造船企业的信息化一体化方案研究

针对我国船舶行业的现状与发展趋势,本文指出欲实现"世界第一造船大国"这一宏伟目标,必须进行技术与管理的创新,必须应用信息技术和实施造船模式的转变.结合我国造船企业及其信息化的特点,对造船企业信息化一体化方案进行了深入研究,并在此基础上提出了一体化方案所应涉及的下述内容:建立符合新的造船模式的经济运行体系、与CAD集成构成一体化造船设计平台、应用现代造船工程技术建立动态生产计划管理系统;以成本和交货期为中心的管理思想;建立面向生产和物资成本控制的物流管理系统;实现异构数据库间的集成和数据共享;建立船舶制造业的数据标准等制造资源数据库.     

Integrating visual management into the coastal zone planning process: The Massachusetts experience

Abstract

This paper concerns the limitations on integrating visual management into the coastal zone planning process as exemplified by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, a state with a strong tradition of “home rule”; and a CZM implementation program based on a “networking”; of existing state authorities. The implications of the Massachusetts experience are that: (a) management of esthetic resources at the state level continues to be much less of a priority than management of ecological resources such as wetlands or floodplains; (b) visual management has yet to engender a strongly supportive constituency beyond that concerned with historic preservation; (c) project review focusing on visual impacts may be a more appropriate activity for local rather than state government; and (d) the technical aspects of visual management or impact assessment are far more advanced than their political acceptability. Political realities, together with the decision that implementation of the program should be based on a networking of existing authorities, thus determined the degree to which visual management could be incorporated into the state's program. As a result, the program's principal instruments of visual management became a strengthening of existing programs such as Wild and Scenic Rivers, reliance on wetland protection statutes to indirectly protect natural scenic values, and the use of the federal consistency provisions of the Coastal Zone Management Act to foster focused growth patterns through provision of publicly funded infrastructures. Esthetically oriented project review, with the exception of potential impacts on historic sites, was left to the discretion of local government, and a technical assistance program was created to provide funding or professional skills to communities interested in developing their own esthetic controls or design review processes. Maine, Rhode Island, and other New England states have followed a similar course.     

American Samoa: Establishing a coastal area management model for developing countries

Abstract

Debate over the appropriateness of U.S. approaches to coastal management procedures for developing countries has increased over the past few years. The coastal management program which was developed for American Samoa offers the opportunity to test the utility of the U.S. approach to CZM for developing nations.

American Samoa represents a blend of traditional and new cultures and thus may be a microcosm of developing countries. American Samoa's development of a CZM plan is examined with emphasis on similarities and differences with U.S. experience. A culture‐oriented framework is presented which can shape programs appropriate to developing countries. Finally, a process and a set of guidelines provide an outline for those attempting the difficult task of applying U.S. environmental planning and management to other countries.     

质量策划在船舶修理质量管理中的应用

GB/T 19000-2008 idt IS0 9000：2005质量管理体系基础和术语,对质量策划的定义为：质量策划是质量管理的一部分,致力于制定质量目标并规定必要的运行过程和相关资源以实现质量目标.根据这一定义,我们将质量策划运用在船舶修理的质量管理实践之中,形成切实可行的管理制度,以满足船舶修理质量目标以及管理体系的要求.     

软件配置管理及其过程实现

软件配置管理又称配置管理。它贯穿于整个软件生命周期，能较好地解决软件企业在资源、过程及相关问题方面的难题，可以把软件开发引上可重复、可管理的有序化开发的道路。阐述了配置管理中的一些重要概念，并着重从现状评估、计划制定、工具选择、实现策略等方面对配置管理过程的实现进行了探讨。