碳纤维在桥梁加固施工中的应用

碳纤维加固技术是一项新型的加固技术,因为碳纤维的结构稳定、质量较轻且拥有良好的耐寒和耐腐蚀性能,目前在桥梁的加固施工中得到了广泛的应用。本文对碳纤维的材料特性进行了介绍,探讨了碳纤维在桥梁加固施工中的应用方法,同时,对施工过程中的质量控制要点进行了分析。     

碳纤维布在平安县杨家桥中的应用

通过对平安杨家桥T型梁采用碳纤维布加固的实例,介绍了碳纤维材料的特点以及施工工艺及施工步骤.     

桥梁加固中碳纤维材料的应用分析

为了确保桥梁的安全性以及增强稳定性,以碳纤维材料作为研究背景,探讨桥梁加固工程碳纤维材料应用要点。首先分析碳纤维材料的基本特性,其次对碳纤维材料的应用优势与关键技术进行概述,希望可为类似工程提供借鉴。     

粘贴碳纤维片加固钢筋混凝土简支梁桥

由于碳纤维片受力过程中特有的线弹性性质,粘贴加固计算时需判断加固截面的应变状态.为便于一般工程技术人员掌握,结合钢筋混凝土简支T梁桥粘贴碳纤维片加固设计,应用碳纤维片加固受弯构件正截面强度计算公式,介绍了该公式在加固设计及强度复核中的使用技巧及注意事项.同时,结合试验研究成果,详细说明了相关系数的取值依据,以增强对计算公式的理解.加固前后的荷载试验结果表明,粘贴碳纤维片可大大提高主梁的抗弯刚度,增加主梁的承载潜力,有效抑制混凝土开裂.     

钢板及碳纤维布加固桥梁施工技术探讨

粘贴钢板和粘贴碳纤维布是对现役病害桥梁进行加固的有效措施之一。本文以某公路预应力混凝土空心板桥为例,分析桥梁的病害情况及加固措施,对钢板加固和碳纤维布加固的施工技术进行探究,包括植筋加强施工技术、钢板加固施工技术和碳纤维布加固施工技术等,以期加深对这两种加固措施的理解,更有效地进行桥梁加固工作,保障桥梁的结构安全。     

碳纤维加固方法在广东德庆龙母大桥工程中的应用

文章结合广东德庆龙母大桥加固工程实例,介绍采用碳纤维薄板和传统的粘贴钢板加固方法及施工工艺,通过对两种不同的加固方法进行对比,提出采用碳纤维薄板的方法优于传统的方法,为桥梁加固技术的发展和实际运用提供参考。     

碳纤维水泥胶砂电磁波吸收性能研究

为研究碳纤维对水泥基材料吸波性能的影响,利用矩形波导法以及弓形法测试了碳纤维质量掺量分别为0%、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%时,碳纤维增强水泥基复合材料(CFRC)在低频段S波段(2.6～3.95 GHz)和高频段X波段(8.2～12.4 GHz)的介电常数以及对电磁波的反射率,讨论了碳纤维质量掺量变化对材料吸波性能的影响。结果表明：由于碳纤维的加入,使得碳纤维增强水泥基复合材料拥有优异的介电损耗性能。碳纤维水泥基复合材料的介电常数随着电磁波测试频率的增加而降低。随着碳纤维在水泥基材料里掺量的增加,复合材料的反射率也不断降低,但是碳纤维含量过高,则会使得其反射损耗增大。碳纤维水泥基复合材料的介电损耗能力不仅和碳纤维的含量有关,而且也和测试频率的大小有关。     

梁板桥粘贴碳纤维布维修加固施工技术探讨

碳纤维布是一种新型纤维复合材料,具有抗拉强度高、密度小、厚度薄、质量轻等特点,基本不增加加固构件自重及截面尺寸,采用其对梁、板、柱进行加固后的效果比较明显.文章以广西防城港防城区二桥梁板桥维修加固工程为例,介绍了采用粘贴碳纤维布进行板式梁桥梁板加固的关键技术及施工工艺,为同类工程施工提供参考.     

公路危旧桥梁碳纤维加固技术应用

为解决危旧桥梁安全问题,提升桥梁稳定性,以贵州省绥阳某桥梁加固工程项目为例,对碳纤维加固技术应用要点进行探究。分析表明,碳纤维加固技术具备加固效果高、操作方便等特点,能够提升旧桥加固效果,值得推广使用。     

碳纤维布在新民桥主梁加固施工中的应用

文章针对新民桥主梁板开裂情况,通过对比分析,确定采用碳纤维布加固方案,并对方案的加固原理、施工工艺及质量控制措施进行了介绍,探讨了方案的实际使用效果。     

交通与土地利用一体化的主要内容与实现途径

本文在分析现代城市病产生原因的基础上,从交通的角度提出了解决现代城市病的对策思路。在此基础上,阐述了交通一体化的内容、交通与土地利用一体化的关键和实现途径。作者提出防止现代城市病的关键是混合土地使用、严格控制通勤圈半径和建立公交主导的绿色交通系统。     

铁路隧道防排水现状与思考

文章针对铁路隧道的防排水现状,指出了目前在防排水设计与施工中存在的问题和难点,并进行了具体分析,在防水类型的选择、地下水处理、衬砌外围结构防水、内衬砌防水等方面提出了铁路隧道防排水的措施和建议。     

材料节约与循环利用专项行动计划技术成果简介

当前,加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会已提升为国家战略。交通运输部为加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型交通,组织开展了“材料节约与循环利用专项行动计划”。通过专项行动大力推广路面再生技术、废胎胶粉筑路应用技术、机制砂混凝土技术以及聚合物改性水泥混凝土技术等西部交通建设科技项目成果,以为交通建设资源的高效利用和循环使用提供示范。本刊现以专栏形式介绍上述成果的相关内容,以飨读者。     

Resilience and accessibility of Swedish and Dutch municipalities

Recent years have shown a rising popularity of the concept of resilience—both theoretically and empirically—in complex systems analysis. There is also a rising literature on resilience in the transport and spatial-economic field. The pluriform interpretation of resilience (e.g., engineering vs. ecological resilience) is related to methodological differences (e.g., stability in dynamics vs. evolutionary adaptivity). But in all cases the fundamental question is whether a complex system that is subjected to an external shock is able to recover, and if so, to which extent. The present paper [Based on presentation from cluster 6 (Accessibility) of the Nectar 2015 conference in Ann Arbour, USA.] aims to add a new dimension to resilience analysis in spatial systems, by addressing in particular the relationship between spatial accessibility at a municipality level and the resilience outcomes of the spatial system concerned. It does so by investigating to which extent accessibility of Swedish and Dutch municipalities has mitigated the local shock absorption from the recent economic recession. In our study the shock absorption capacity of municipal accessibility is estimated by analysing the relevant resilience indicators for the period concerned. In this context, conventional resilience indicators based on either multivariate complex data (in particular, the Foster Resilience Capacity Index) or employment data (in particular, the Martin Resilience-Employment Index) are confronted with spatial connectivity data based on local accessibility measures, so that geographical mobility may be regarded as one of the shock-mitigating factors. The empirical analysis is carried out for two countries which have both proven to be rather shock-resistant during the recent economic crisis, viz. Sweden and The Netherlands. Clearly, the geographical structure of these countries forms a sharp mutual contrast, viz. a spatially dispersed economy with a few distinct urban concentrations versus a spatially dense economy with one major metropolitan centre (the Randstad), respectively. Our experiments are carried out for the 290 municipalities in Sweden and 40 COROPs in The Netherlands. Our research findings show relevant and new insights into differences in the local recovery potential in Sweden and The Netherlands.     

Characterisation of and reflections on the synergy of bicycles and public transport

The bicycle is often understood as a disjointed ‘feeder’ mode that provides access to public transport. We argue that combined use of the bicycle and public transport should be understood in a broader perspective, especially where bicycles link to higher speed and higher capacity public transport, such as the train. Cycling and public transport can have a symbiotic relationship forming a hybrid, distinct transport mode, which should be reflected in transport planning. The bicycle is as a way to soften the rigid nature of public transport and thus accommodate diverse individual travel needs and situations. Public transport can be seen as a means to dramatically extend cycling’s speed and spatial reach. We combine a system perspective with conceptual analysis to explore how, why and when this reconsideration is important. We use the Netherlands as illustrative case because of the relative maturity of its bicycle–train connections. The case shows that the synergy between rather opposite yet highly complementary aspects, high speed of the train, high accessibility of the bicycle and flexibility in combining both sub-modes, are the fundamental characteristics to understand the functioning of this system in a wider spatial context. In our conclusion we propose a research agenda, to further explore the relevance of this system for land-use and transport planning and distil wider implications for the international debate.     

Modeling and analysis of mixed flow of cars and powered two wheelers

In modern cities, a rapid increase of motorcycles and other types of Powered Two-Wheelers (PTWs) is observed as an answer to long commuting in traffic jams and complex urban navigation. Such increasing penetration rate of PTWs creates mixed traffic flow conditions with unique characteristics that are not well understood at present. Our objective is to develop an analytical traffic flow model that reflects the mutual impacts of PTWs and Cars. Unlike cars, PTWs filter between cars, have unique dynamics, and do not respect lane discipline, therefore requiring a different modeling approach than traditional “Passenger Car Equivalent” or “Follow the Leader”. Instead, this work follows an approach that models the flow of PTWs similarly to a fluid in a porous medium, where PTWs “percolate” between cars depending on the gap between them.Our contributions are as follows: (I) a characterization of the distribution of the spacing between vehicles by the densities of PTWs and cars; (II) a definition of the equilibrium speed of each class as a function of the densities of PTWs and cars; (III) a mathematical analysis of the model’s properties (IV) an impact analysis of the gradual penetration of PTWs on cars and on heterogeneous traffic flow characteristics.The proposed model could contribute as an enabler for ‘PTW-aware’ future Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems technologies and traffic regulations.     

油气管道的腐蚀与防护技术研究

国内大多数油田在开采过程中,油井伴生气通常含有成分不等的CO2、H2S等腐蚀性气体,同时由于油气集输系统也不可能完全密闭,造成大气中的O2等腐蚀性气体进入油气生产系统,因此油气生产系统存在的腐蚀类型多种多样。针对油气管道的腐蚀现状,简要综述了CO2腐蚀、H2S腐蚀、氧腐蚀机理及其影响因素。并在此基础上介绍了阴极保护技术、耐蚀材料防腐技术、工程防腐技术、化学防腐技术等几种国内外常用的防腐措施。     

集输管道效率监测及分析

为了更好地采用节能技术以不断降低管道能耗,提高管道效率,文中以集输管道为研究对象,根据集输管道效率计算模型,对11条输油管线进行了效率与能耗监测。监测结果表明:影响输油管道效率的主要因素是管道温降,其次为管道压降。对影响管道温降和压降的相关因素进行分析,提出了合理选择保温材料和保温结构、增加保温层厚度、添加减阻剂及采用管道内涂减阻技术等改进措施,对于集输管道的节能降耗具有借鉴意义。     

公交支付方式及其效率调查分析

智能系统的广泛使用,带来了移动支付的普及。公交支付在传统IC卡和现金支付的基础上,加入了云闪付和二维码支付。为探究移动支付对公交支付效率的影响,基于杭州市公交发展现状,制定了公交支付情况的调查方案。通过对所选10、93、97公交线路的早、晚高峰和平峰的三天实地调查,采集视频数据并使用SPSS进行定量统计分析,发现公交乘客刷卡占62%、二维码占27%、云闪付占6%、现金占5%。当乘客提前做好准备时,刷卡支付时间为1.29 s,低于云闪付的1.42 s和二维码的1.65 s,而未准备好时用时分别为6.74 s、10.94 s、8.54 s。通过相关性和多元线性回归分析得出"提前拿卡"、"上车掏卡"、"提前开二维码"和"上车开二维码"四种支付方式对公交停留时间延长的影响最大。