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车辆正面碰撞加速度波形可以简化为等效双阶梯形波,利用这一方法分析波形特征,指导车身结构正碰性能优化设计,具有重要的工程应用价值。本文以某车型车身结构优化设计为例,将碰撞加速度作为设计目标,应用等效双阶梯形波法将波形参数化,通过对比结构性能指标,确定优化方案。 相似文献
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《汽车工程》2017,(6)
用不同长度的圆形薄壁吸能管和不同质量的台车,采用有限元分析和台车试验进行拟合,获得FMVSS213规定的动态试验台车碰撞加速度波形。将所得的台车加速度波形和已有的ECE R44台车加速度波形,加载到放置有Q3儿童有限元模型的两种(汽车安全带和ISOFIX固定式)背带式前向儿童约束系统碰撞仿真模型中,通过仿真,分析了加速度波形对3岁儿童乘员的运动学响应和损伤参数的影响。结果显示,加载FMVSS213加速度波形的儿童乘员的前向运动学响应比加载ECE R44加速度波形约提前20ms。加载FMVSS213加速度波形的头部前向位移、HIC15和头部与胸部的加速度均大于ECE R44工况。两种工况的上颈部轴向力和胸部压缩量无显著差异,但上颈部轴向力均大于法规限值(1 705N),而胸部压缩量均小于法规限值(53mm)。研究结果表明,FMVSS213动态加载试验对儿童约束系统的安全性评价要求更高,可为儿童约束系统的设计提供参考依据。 相似文献
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本文中基于等效方波原理,结合有限元分析方法,研究某12 m客车正面碰撞加速度波形参数与乘员损伤的关系。首先以座椅滑车系统为研究对象,对比3种常用尖顶等效方波(TESW)(上升型、水平型和下降型)的乘员损伤情况。然后,研究下降型TESW回弹时刻参数t_m对乘员综合损伤WIC的影响规律。结果表明:对于12 m客车,下降型TESW优于其他两种等效方波。而在下降波形中,随t_m值增大,WIC呈勺形变化趋势,可拟合成三次回归方程。结合TESW模型简化推导过程可得到WIC最小时刻整车碰撞变形量C与t_m的关系式,为客车结构设计与乘员损伤研究提供参考。 相似文献
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侧面碰撞是造成儿童乘员伤亡的第二大主要原因,但是目前我国对于儿童约束系统并没有侧面碰撞法规或者评价方法。国外主流的测试方法仅能实现门板的平动和单一自由度侵入,不能模拟真实工况下车门不同部位的侵入情况。本文基于数据统计,面向CRS对车门进行了关键区域的位置划分,确定头部、胸部以及骨盆三个不同的关键侵入区域。同时,通过采集14款不同车型的车门的三个关键区域的加速度波形,提取出三个部位的特征波形以及其上下限值曲线。最后,进行试验验证,与ECE R129的测试方法进行比对,证明输入特征波形的测试方法合理可行,且能更真实的模拟出侧面碰撞中不同部位的侵入情况。本文的研究成果为我国儿童约束系统侧面碰撞法规或评价方法的制定提供参考,也对儿童约束系统产品的设计和改进具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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基于美国新车评价规程(US-NCAP)研究了碰撞减速度波形与乘员损伤的量化关系,建立了标准约束系统仿真模型,以一阶加速度G_1、二阶加速度G_2、动态位移D为车体结构设计指标,胸部压缩量为乘员损伤指标,分析获得了不同结构下乘员损伤指标变化规律:D不变的情况下,当G_1≤22g时,G1每增加1g,胸部压缩量降低2 mm,当G_122g时,其对胸部压缩量影响较小;G_1不变时,D每增加10 mm,胸部压缩量降低1 mm。以量化关系预测为基准,在某车型胸部压缩量优化过程中对量化关系进行了验证,结果表明,该模型预测精度为98%。 相似文献
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车体结构正面碰撞的加速度与乘员损伤之间存在着密切的联系。根据实际的碰撞加速度曲线的特点,建立“尖顶等效方波”模型,研究尖顶等效方波的特征参数影响人体损伤响应的规律,从而指导客车正面碰撞安全性的结构优化。 相似文献
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为探究欧洲新车评价规程(Euro-NCAP)侧面碰撞条件下远端老年乘员的运动学响应和损伤机理,首先利用老年人体模型CHARM-70建立台车模型,然后建立整车AE-MDB侧面碰撞和侧面斜柱碰撞有限元模型,进行整车碰撞仿真并提取非碰撞侧B柱底部加速度脉冲,最后,基于THUMS_AM50_V4.0人体模型和老年人体模型CHARM-70建立单乘员和双乘员台车仿真模型,进行AE-MDB侧面碰撞和侧面斜柱碰撞仿真。结果表明:在侧面碰撞中,安全带无法有效限制远端乘员因惯性而导致的侧向偏移;在单乘员台车仿真中,远端老年乘员头部和颈部损伤值远小于阈值,但胸部出现大面积严重肋骨骨折;在双乘员台车仿真中,远端老年乘员的头部和胸部出现严重损伤。 相似文献
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汽车正面碰撞试验中后排乘员伤害特性的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出了正面碰撞中后排乘员假人伤害的试验方法和评价指标。通过分析10个车型正面碰撞试验结果,得出了正面碰撞中后排乘员头部、胸部和大腿等部位的伤害特性。 相似文献
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Jorge Ambr sio 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2005,43(6):385-411
The main goal of crashworthiness is to ensure that vehicles are safer for occupants, cargo and other road or rail users. The crash analysis of vehicles involves structural impact and occupant biomechanics. The traditional approaches to crashworthiness not only do not take into account the full vehicle dynamics, but also uncouple the structural impact and the occupant biomechanics in the crash study. The most common strategy is to obtain an acceleration pulse from a vehicle structural impact analysis or experimental test, very often without taking into account the effect of suspensions in its dynamics, and afterwards feed this pulse into a rigid occupant compartment that contains models of passengers. Multibody dynamics is the most common methodology to build and analyse vehicle models for occupant biomechanics, vehicle dynamics and, with ever increasing popularity, structural crash analysis. In this work, the aspects of multibody modelling relevant to road and rail vehicles and to occupant biomechanical modelling are revised. Afterwards, it is shown how multibody models of vehicles and occupants are used in crash analysis. The more traditional aspects of vehicle dynamics are then introduced in the vehicle models in order to appraise their importance in the treatment of certain types of impact scenarios for which the crash outcome is sensitive to the relative orientation and alignment between vehicles. Through applications to the crashworthiness of road and of rail vehicles, selected problems are discussed and the need for coupled models of vehicle structures, suspension subsystems and occupants is emphasized. 相似文献
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为了研究小空间车型第2排乘员在正面碰撞过程中受到的伤害,利用仿真分析的手段,对比分析了不同的车体碰撞波形、乘员布置空间以及约束系统性能参数对第2排乘员伤害的影响,确定了安全带限力等级、车体碰撞波形及第2排座椅坐垫的布置角度是影响第2排乘员保护安全性能的关键因素.针对第2排乘员布置空间较小的车型,在保证第2排假人头部伤害满足目标要求的情况下,减小安全带的限力等级,增大第2排假人头颈部及胸部的前移量,以降低假人颈部及胸部的伤害,从而有效改善了第2排乘员的伤害情况. 相似文献
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Tso-Liang Teng Kuan-Chun Chang Chien-Hsun Wu 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2007,45(10):925-937
Side-impact collisions are the second leading cause of death and injury in the traffic accidents after frontal crashes. Side-impact airbags, side door bars and other protection techniques have been developed to provide occupant protection. To confirm the effectiveness of protection equipment installed in vehicles, studying the degree of impact is fundamental to understand the effect of automobile collisions on the human body. Therefore, the dynamic response of the human body to traffic accidents should be analyzed to reduce the level of occupant injuries. Generally, the experimental method is complex and expensive. Recently, numerical crash simulations have provided a valuable tool for automotive engineers. This work presents full-scale and sled side-impact test finite-element (FE) models - based on the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 214 - that simulate a side-impact accident. The crash simulations utilized the LS-DYNA finite-element code. The human body's dynamic response to crashes is discussed herein. Additionally, occupant injuries were measured. To verify the accuracy of the proposed crash test and sled test FE models, simulation results are compared with those obtained from experimental tests. The comparison results indicate that the proposed crash test and sled test FE models have considerable potential for assessing a vehicle's crash safety performance and assisting future development of safety technologies. 相似文献