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对预燃室壁涂有催化剂的均质压燃(HCCI)发动机的燃烧过程进行了数值计算,分析了催化燃烧对HCCI发动机燃烧特性的影响;同时分析了预燃室内催化剂种类、过量空气系数、进气温度、进气速度、缸径以及预燃室壁温对HCCI发动机燃烧特性的影响。结果表明,预燃室存在催化燃烧时对HCCI发动机的着火时刻有很大的影响:随着过量空气系数及预燃室进气速度的增加,HCCI发动机的着火时刻提前;催化剂种类、预燃室缸径以及预燃室壁温对HCCI发动机着火时刻影响不显著,但对缸内燃烧温度影响显著。 相似文献
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二甲醚均质压燃燃烧的详细化学动力学模拟研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用由美国Lawrence Livermore国家实验室提出的二甲醚(DME)详细化学动力学反应机理及其开发的HCT化学动力学程序,对均质充量压缩着火(HCCI)发动机燃用DME的着火和燃烧过程进行了分析。为考虑壁面传热的影响,在HCT程序中增加了壁面传热子模型。采用该方法研究了燃空当量比、进气充量加热、发动机转速和EGR等因素对HCCI着火和燃烧的影响。结果表明,DME的HCCI燃烧过程有明显的低温反应放热和高温反应放热两阶段;增大燃空当量比、提高进气充量温度使着火提前;提高发动机转速和采用冷却EGR使着火滞后。 相似文献
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O. T. Lim 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2014,15(4):535-541
The HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) engine is an internal combustion engine under development, which is capable of providing both high diesel-like efficiency and very low NOx and particulate emissions. However, several technical issues must be resolved before the HCCI engine is ready for widespread application. One issue is that its operating range is limited by an excessive pressure rise rate which is caused by the excessive heat release from its selfaccelerated combustion reaction and the resulting engine knock in high-load conditions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of thermal and fuel stratification for reducing the pressure rise rate in HCCI engines. The NOx and CO concentrations in the exhaust gas were also evaluated to confirm combustion completeness and NOx emissions. The computational work was conducted using a multi-zone code with detailed chemical kinetics, including the effects of thermal and fuel stratification on the onset of ignition and the rate of combustion. The engine was fueled with dimethyl ether (DME) which has a unique two-stage heat release, and methane which has a one-stage heat release. 相似文献
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在1台经过改装的单缸柴油机上,采用气相色谱和FT-IR红外光谱检测技术,开展了进气道喷射DME和甲醇双燃料HCCI燃烧方式,以及进气道喷射DME、缸内直喷甲醇双燃料复合燃烧方式下,非常规污染物排放特性的试验研究。结果表明,在不同的燃烧方式下均检测到甲醛、乙醛、甲酸、甲酸甲酯等非常规排放物,且甲醛是非常规排放物中的主要成分。DME—甲醇HCCI燃烧方式下,在同一负荷下随着甲醇喷射量的增加,甲醛、乙醛、甲酸甲酯的排放都有所增加;在同一甲醇浓度下随着发动机负荷的增加,甲醛的排放增加,乙醛的排放减少,甲酸甲酯的排放先减少后增加。复合式燃烧方式下,甲醛的排放随着有效功率的增大呈先降低后升高的趋势;甲酸甲酯和甲酸的排放均随着有效功率的增加而减少,随着DME喷射比例的增加而增加。DME—甲醇HCCI燃烧方式下,甲醇排放量增加十分明显。 相似文献
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介绍了在一台单缸柴油机上进行的二甲醚(DME)均质压燃燃烧过程的试验研究,DME的燃烧保持了低温反应与高温反应两个阶段的特征,着火时刻较早。试验结果表明,混合气燃空当量比的变化对低温反应开始时刻影响不大,但对高温反应开始时刻有较大影响,随着燃空当量比的增大,高温反应开始时刻逐步提前,当燃空当量比为0.21时,出现轻微爆震现象。随着发动机转速的增加,低温反应开始时刻提前,高温反应阶段的放热率略有增大。进气温度和冷却水温度升高,低温反应和高温反应时刻都有较大的提前。在进气温度(T)大于300 K后,缸内最大压力出现在上止点前,进气温度是控制着火时刻的重要参数。 相似文献
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如何将均质压燃(HCCI)应用到实际发动机上是当前HCCI研究的热点之一,采用HCCI/SI复合燃烧模式是潜力巨大的出路之一。当发动机采用这种复合燃烧模式时,HCCI只能在一定范围内运行的特点决定了发动机在HCCI和SI两种燃烧模式边界工况发生负荷变化时,需要进行两种燃烧模式的相互转换。实现两种燃烧模式的平稳转换需要对转换过程中影响转换平顺性的因素进行分析,综合控制。通过分析试验所得数据,本研究基于主节气门运动规律、点火提前角和供油规律3个主要影响因素提出了主动、协同的控制策略,实现了两种燃烧模式的平稳转换。 相似文献
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T. Fang R. E. Coverdill C. -F. F. Lee R. A. White 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2009,10(3):285-295
In this paper, the influence of injection parameters on the transition from Premixed Charge Combustion Ignition (PCCI) combustion
to conventional diesel combustion was investigated in an optically accessible High-Speed Direct-Injection (HSDI) diesel engine
using multiple injection strategies. The heat release characteristics were analyzed using incylinder pressure for different
operating conditions. The whole cycle combustion process was visualized with a high-speed video camera by simultaneously capturing
the natural flame luminosity from both the bottom of the optical piston and the side window, showing the three dimensional
combustion structure within the combustion chamber. Eight operating conditions were selected to address the influences of
injection pressure, injection timing, and fuel quantity of the first injection on the development of second injection combustion.
For some cases with early first injection timing and a small fuel quantity, no liquid fuel is found when luminous flame points
appear, which shows that premixed combustion occurs for these cases. However, with the increase of first injection fuel quantity
and retardation of the first injection timing, the combustion mode transitions from PCCI combustion to diffusion flame combustion,
with liquid fuel being injected into the hot flame. The observed combustion phenomena are mainly determined by the ambient
temperature and pressure at the start of the second injection event. The start-of-injection ambient conditions are greatly
influenced by the first injection timing, fuel quantity, and injection pressure. Small fuel quantity and early injection timing
of the first injection event and high injection pressure are preferable for low sooting combustion. 相似文献
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为了改善汽油HCCI发动机在低负荷的失火,通过在90号汽油中添加不同种类和不同质量的过氧化物,在一台改造过的4缸柴油机的第4缸进行HCCI燃烧试验,研究了添加剂对HCCI燃烧过程的影响。试验结果表明,在发动机转速为1 400 r/min时,使用90号汽油的HCCI发动机只能在高负荷下运行;加入过氧化物添加剂后,着火时刻提前、缸压和放热率峰值升高,燃烧向低负荷区域大幅度拓展;添加相同质量分数的不同种类过氧化物,二叔丁基过氧化物(DTBP)作用最明显。相同当量比的稳态工况下,随二叔丁基过氧化物质量分数增加,着火和燃烧放热提前、燃烧持续期缩短,失火得到有效改善,负荷范围得到拓宽。但过高的添加剂质量分数会使发动机高负荷爆震可能性增加,发动机转速为1 400 r/min下,二叔丁基过氧化物的质量分数2%左右为最佳值。 相似文献
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利用混合气形成和燃烧三维模型建立了针对CA6SE1—21N增压点燃式CNG发动机的数值模拟研究平台,并对模型进行了试验验证,同时研究了该发动机混合气形成和燃烧的缸内微观变化历程。验证结果表明,CNG发动机混合气形成及燃烧过程的数值模拟结果和试验结果吻合较好,所选模型适合对CNG发动机进行模拟分析。模拟结果表明,缸内混合气形成可分为大幅度掺混和弱流动混合两个阶段;采用螺旋进气道与平缸盖时,在压缩后期逐渐形成强涡流、低滚流的刚性涡;点火时刻缸内混合气呈上稀下浓的分布,不利于提高点火稳定性和火焰传播速度。 相似文献
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We investigated the effects of the fuel injection timing — both for early and late injection — in conjunction with the throttle
opening ratio on the fuel-air mixing characteristics, engine power, combustion stability and emission characteristics of a
DI CNG spark engine and control system that had been modified and designed according to the author’s original idea. We verified
that the combustion characteristics were affected by the fuel injection timing and that the engine conditions were affected
by the throttle opening ratios and the rpm. The combustion characteristics were greatly improved for a complete open throttle
ratio with an early injection timing and for a partial throttle ratio with a late injection timing. The combustion duration
was governed by the duration of flame propagation in late injection timing scenarios and by the duration of early flame development
in cases of early injection timing. As the result, the combustion duration is shortened, the lean limit is improved, the air-fuel
mixing conditions are controlled, and the emissions are reduced through control of the fuel injection timing and vary according
to ratio of the throttle opening. 相似文献
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均质压燃发动机研究开发新进展 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7
介绍了HCCI燃烧节能和降排放的潜力及其产业化关键技术问题;阐述了HCCI发动机稳态工况下的着火燃烧控制方法、瞬态运行控制方法和数值模拟等方面的最新研究进展。可以看出,目前国际上HCCI产业化研究主要集中在汽油机和柴油机HCCI燃烧控制方面,包括燃烧诊断、燃烧模式切换和瞬态工况过渡。缸内直喷多段喷射是HCCI燃烧在车用发动机上应用更有前途和更具可行性的方式。HCCI发动机产业化进程将取决于快速可变配气系统和高质量燃油喷射系统等技术的进一步成熟和产业化成本。 相似文献