城市轨道交通线网规划方案综合评价指标体系分析

随着城市现代化进程不断加快,对交通运输系统提出更高的需求。为了构建现代化交通体系,根据当前城市轨道交通线网规划工作的现状,结合层次分析法及模糊综合评价法,提出一套综合评价指标体系,充分适用于我国现阶段的城市轨道交通系统,以期进一步完善我国城市轨道交通线网规划。     

轨道交通线网规划中的土地利用与城市发展协调研究

为解决传统轨道交通线网规划存在的问题,从轨道交通线网规划与城市发展、轨道交通线网对城市空间布局影响、轨道交通线网现状以及协调方案等角度,深入分析城市轨道交通线网规划措施,主要包括融合轨道交通规划、构建精密增长机制、兼顾土地利用效率、强化综合协调规划,并得出相应的结论,旨在为相关人员提供参考。     

区域一体化综合交通规划:基于交通预测模型研究

交通预测模型是综合交通规划的重要工具。本文以汕潮揭地区综合交通规划为依托,以TransCAD为平台,构建区域综合交通预测模型,对规划方案进行量化研究,摒弃了传统"理性规划"交通需求引导滞后、与土地利用互动不强等局限。基于预测模型和"一张网"布局规划,构造了"情景假设+因子递进"方法,设计若干战略规划方案,通过对测试目标与决策评价结果的量化比较分析,展现了"情景因子"战略方法对于总体规划方案的贡献,研究过程和研究结论更显客观科学。     

基于D-S证据理论的城市轨道交通与常规公交协调综合评价

为了科学准确地评价城市轨道交通与常规公交协调水平,提出一种基于D-S证据理论的城市轨道交通与常规公交协调评价方法。通过综合考虑城市轨道交通与常规公交协调的影响因素,从线网协调、站点协调、运营协调三个方面建立评价指标体系,引入C-OWA算子实现指标赋权,运用D-S证据理论计算各评价因素的信任区间以及评价的不确定度,借助证据融合算法对各专家的评价结果进行融合以确定协调等级,并设计算例验证了该方法的合理性与有效性。算例分析表明,基于D-S证据理论的城市轨道交通与常规公交协调评价方法能够减弱专家的主观偏好造成的不利影响,可提高了最终评价结果的可靠程度。     

虚连:综合交通枢纽规划的误区

<正>2010是规划之年,全国各地的交通规划部门都在忙着做新的五年规划。规划对于综合交通发展的重要意义是不言而喻的,今天的规划将决定未来的发展方向。近年来各种运输方式的线网都取得了长足的发展,但综合枢纽的衔接却是综合交通发展的软肋,因此我们一再强调衔接决定成败,建设综合交通体系的关键在一体化的综合枢纽。     

基于供需平衡的综合运输通道网络布局方法

本文着重研究综合运输通道内各方式线网的运输能力、技术等级、服务水平的评估和优化问题。从综合运输通道研究的重要性入手,在总结现有研究的基础上,提出了基于供需平衡的综合运输通道网络布局方法,具体是以通道内运输需求分析为基础,结合通道内各方式基础设施线网规划,从供需平衡的角度,对通道内各运输方式线网的服务水平进行评价,依据评价结果对线网规划提出优化和完善的对策建议,实现通道资源的优化配置。在对杭绍甬通道进行实证分析后,证明所提技术实用可靠,可以有效用于指导实践中的通道基础设施规划优化工作。     

公交专用道线网规划方案评价方法

公交专用道线网规划方案评估是一项重要工作。以武汉市主城区公交专用道线网的布局规划方案为例，研究公交专用道线网规划方案评价方法和指标。采用复杂网络理论和动态仿真模型相结合的方法，构建公交专用道线网规划方案评价体系，从复杂网络结构特性角度构建了公交专用道线网评价指标，利用VISSIM对部分路段的公交专用道运行效果进行仿真实验。实验结果表明，设置公交专用道并规划公交专用道线网使公交车行程延误降低了约59%，行程时间减少约44%，平均车速上升，对优先发展公共交通有较好的促进作用，为公交专用道线网规划方案的评价提供理论参考。     

地块出入口调整项目交通影响评价研究——以广州市某创新科技园为例

为科学地根据出入口调整方案评估出入口设置的合理性,以广州市某创新科技园出入口调整项目为例,应用HCS道路通行能力分析软件分析项目进出车辆排队的情况以及对路段的交通影响情况,并提出相关建议,以为类似出入口调整项目的交通影响评价提供参考。     

郑州都市区轨道交通线网规划初探

目前郑州都市区轨道交通线网规划处于起步阶段,本文探讨了轨道交通线网规划原则、规划方案等问题,以期为后续建设提供参考。     

POI大数据在城市轨道交通建设时序选择中的应用

城市轨道交通建设时序研究是轨道交通线网建设规划的核心内容之一，长期以来一直以定性方法为主。同时，POI等多源大数据愈来愈多地应用到城市及交通规划领域，但现有研究大多着眼于城市轨道交通运营阶段的后评价，缺少对规划建设阶段的关注。本文以福州为例，利用POI大数据对轨道交通的现状服务效益进行分析，辅助决策城市轨道交通建设规划中建设时序的选择，试图解决传统上地铁线网和建设规划定性有余而定量不足的缺点，量化分析各条地铁线路对城市的服务效果，为建设规划的线路选择和时序提供支撑。     

荆门市综合交通运输系统总体布局规划

文章运用区域综合交通规划学、系统工程学、区域经济学和旅游经济学等多学科研究方法,针对我国“十二五”期间大力发展旅游业和优先建设交通基础设施的特殊背景,以荆门市交通运输系统为研究对象,综合考虑城市交通、过境交通、旅游交通及其各种交通方式的综合协调,对荆门市的综合交通运输网络进行总体布局规划。     

Intermodal freight transport planning – A receding horizon control approach

This paper investigates intermodal freight transport planning problems among deep-sea terminals and inland terminals in hinterland haulage for a horizontally fully integrated intermodal freight transport operator at the tactical container flow level. An intermodal freight transport network (IFTN) model is first developed to capture the key characteristics of intermodal freight transport such as the modality change phenomena at intermodal terminals, physical capacity constraints of the network, time-dependent transport times on freeways, and time schedules for trains and barges. After that, the intermodal freight transport planning problem is formulated as an optimal intermodal container flow control problem from a system and control perspective with the use of the proposed IFTN model. To deal with the dynamic transport demands and dynamic traffic conditions in the IFTN, a receding horizon intermodal container flow control (RIFC) approach is proposed to control and to reassign intermodal container flows in a receding horizon way. This container flow control approach involves solving linear programming problems and is suited for transport planning on large-sized networks. Both an all-or-nothing approach and the proposed RIFC approach are evaluated through simulation studies. Simulation results show the potential of the proposed RIFC approach.     

Green walking networks for climate change adaptation

Climate change (CC) potentially affects people travel behaviour, due to extreme weather conditions. This is particularly true for pedestrians, that are more exposed to weather conditions. Introducing the effect of this change in transport modelling allows to analyse and plan walking networks taking into consideration the climatic variable. The aim of this work is to develop a tool that can support planning and design of walking networks, by assessing the effects of actions oriented to increase resilience with respect to extreme weather conditions (CC adaptation).An integrated approach is used, thus combining transport and land-use planning concepts with elements of outdoor thermal comfort and network accessibility. Walking networks are analysed through centrality indexes, including thermal comfort aspects into a general cost function of links and weighted nodes. The method has been applied to the walking network inside the Campus of the University of Catania (Italy), which includes different functions and where pedestrian paths are barely used by people. Results confirm that this tool is sensitive to the variables representing weather conditions and it can measure the influence of CC adaptation measures (e.g. vegetation) on walking attitude and on the performance of the walking network.     

Models for optimizing transportation networks and modal split in China

This paper summarizes the research in a project entitled “The Models for Optimizing Transportation Network and Modal Split in China”. The research background, procedure, various mathematical models used in traffic demands forecasting, modal split and network design are presented with the key results. The systematic optimization approach adopted in this paper for integrated planning of transport network and the rational modal split formulation is firstly proposed in China. Finally, further discussion on the difficulties of using transport modeling techniques in Chinese conditions is given.     

Optimization of transport investment and pricing policies: the role of transport pricing in network design

This paper investigates the role of transport pricing in network design and describes two facts about flow pattern in a transportation system. The first, illustrated by an example of Braess paradox, is that adding a new link to the network does not necessarily minimize the total travel time. The second is that introducing of appropriate toll pricing may reduce not only the total network time but also the travel time for each individual traveller. It follows with the investigations of different system objectives and different pricing policies (only toll pricing and distance‐based pricing are considered), and shows how they affect the system performance and flow pattern. Lastly, a systematic optimization process is proposed for integrated planning of transport network and pricing policies.     

充分发挥道路运输业的比较优势努力做好"三个服务"——在全国道路运输工作会议上的讲话(节选)

文章充分肯定了近年来我国道路运输工作取得的成绩,阐述了交通运输业今后的工作重点,提出了道路运输业发展的总体目标和要求。     

A tabu search algorithm to solve the integrated planning of container on an inter-terminal network connected with a hinterland rail network

Transport demand for containers has been increasing for decades, which places pressure on road transport. As a result, rail transport is stimulated to provide better intermodal freight transport services. This paper investigates mathematical models for the planning of container movements in a port area, integrating the inter-terminal transport of containers (ITT, within the port area) with the rail freight formation and transport process (towards the hinterland). An integer linear programming model is used to formulate the container transport across operations at container terminals, the network interconnecting them, railway yards and the railway networks towards the hinterland. A tabu search algorithm is proposed to solve the problem. The practical applicability of the algorithm is tested in a realistic infrastructure case and different demand scenarios. Our results show the degree by which internal (ITT) and external (hinterland) transport processes interact, and the potential for improvement of overall operations when the integrated optimization proposed is used. Instead, if the planning of containers in the ITT system is optimized as a stand-alone problem, the railway terminals may suffer from longer delay times or additional train cancellations. When planning the transport of 4060 TEU containers within one day, the benefits of the ITT planning without considering railway operations account for 17% ITT cost reduction but 93% railway operational cost growth, while the benefits of integrating ITT and railway account for a reduction of 20% in ITT cost and 44% in railway operational costs.     

国际道路货运发展与大湄公河次区域合作

本文分析了大湄公河次区域合作下广西国际道路货运发展现状,提出了广西国际货运发展指导思想和总体目标,探讨了国际道路货运的发展对策。     

Integrated optimization on train scheduling and preventive maintenance time slots planning

We address the problem of simultaneously scheduling trains and planning preventive maintenance time slots (PMTSs) on a general railway network. Based on network cumulative flow variables, a novel integrated mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is proposed to simultaneously optimize train routes, orders and passing times at each station, as well as work-time of preventive maintenance tasks (PMTSs). In order to provide an easy decomposition mechanism, the limited capacity of complex tracks is modelled as side constraints and a PMTS is modelled as a virtual train. A Lagrangian relaxation solution framework is proposed, in which the difficult track capacity constraints are relaxed, to decompose the original complex integrated train scheduling and PMTSs planning problem into a sequence of single train-based sub-problems. For each sub-problem, a standard label correcting algorithm is employed for finding the time-dependent least cost path on a time-space network. The resulting dual solutions can be transformed to feasible solutions through priority rules. Numerical experiments are conducted on a small artificial network and a real-world network adapted from a Chinese railway network, to evaluate the effectiveness and computational efficiency of the integrated optimization model and the proposed Lagrangian relaxation solution framework. The benefits of simultaneously scheduling trains and planning PMTSs are demonstrated, compared with a commonly-used sequential scheduling method.     

Shipment forecasting for supply chain collaborative transportation management using grey models with grey numbers

The sharing of forecasts is vital to supply chain collaborative transportation management (CTM). Shipment forecasting is fundamental to CTM, and is essential to carrier tactical and operational planning processes such as network planning, routing, scheduling, and fleet planning and assignment. By applying and extending grey forecasting theory, this paper develops a series of shipment forecasting models for supply chain CTM. Grey time-series forecasting and grey systematic forecasting models are developed for shipment forecasting under different collaborative frameworks. This paper also integrates grey numbers with grey models for analyzing shipment forecasting under partial information sharing in CTM frameworks. An example of an integrated circuit (IC) supply chain and relevant data are provided. The proposed models yield more accurate prediction results than regression, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), and neural network models. Finally, numerical results indicate that as the degree of information sharing increases under CTM, carrier prediction accuracy increases. This paper demonstrates how the proposed forecasting models can be applied to the CTM system and provides the theoretical basis for the forecasting module developed for supply chain CTM.