桂林市生态交通规划研究

近年来,随着桂林市城市化进程的加快,城市交通面临着严重的环境和社会问题。文章立足生态交通的内涵及规划原则,构建了桂林市生态交通规划目标,以实现生态交通发展目标为规划目的,为桂林市交通的系统规划提出自己的方案。     

桂林市临桂新区与老城区间交通系统规划研究

文章根据临桂新区的总体规划,对临桂新区与老城区之间的交通需求进行了预测分析;以新区与老城区的交通协调发展为研究切入点,确定了新区与老城区间交通系统的发展战略,并对新老城区间的交通通道设计思路进行了阐述.     

推动交通运输跨越式发展 冲刺“十一五”规划目标——访桂林市交通运输局局长钟德臣

2010年是“十一五”规划实施的冲刺之年,桂林作为“国家旅游综合改革试验区”,正乘着广西掀起交通建设新高潮的东风,向着“十一五”交通规划目标冲刺。针对2010年桂林市交通运输建设情况,记者专访了桂林市交通运输局局长钟德臣。     

基于轨道站点的老城区交通改造问题研究

文章以惠州市荔浦风清改造项目为例,分析了老城区交通的特性与存在的问题,提出了老城区交通改造的基本策略,较系统地研究了基于轨道站点的老城区交通改善方法,对其他城市老城区改造有一定的借鉴意义。     

对上海嘉定老城区交通问题及其改善对策的若干思考

随着城市化建设的快速发展，老城区交通的改善与优化是国内众多城市所面临的一个重要课题。本文以上海嘉定老城区为例，对其在城市化快速发展过程中出现的交通问题进行了分析，并从老城区交通改善原则与对策方面提出了相应建议，以期为国内类似老城区的交通改善提供有益的借鉴。     

交通与旅游的融合发展及规划应对

本文分析了交通与旅游的演进及融合历程,提出交通与旅游融合的三个阶段。在综合交通规划研究框架的基础上及在交通与旅游融合发展第三阶段的背景下,提出了以完善游客出行链为重点,构建"两网两体系"的旅游交通规划研究框架,并在呼伦贝尔-阿尔山综合交通规划中进行了应用。文章最后从规划理念、规划思路、规划方法、规划重点、规划内容等五个方面对新阶段的旅游交通规划应对进行了探讨和思考。     

广州市“十三五”综合交通规划编制经验研究

综合交通体系五年发展规划是指导交通运输体系建设和发展的纲领性文件。在"十三五"新的发展形势和发展理念背景下,综合交通规划编制需要新的发展思路。本文以《广州交通"十三五"发展规划》编制工作为实例,总结了其规划编制工作过程及成果经验,梳理了方法及规划编制过程需要考虑的重要问题,对有关城市综合交通体系规划编制工作具有一定的参考价值。     

做好“十一五”交通发展规划编制工作的设想

“十一五”综合交通体系发展专项规划编制的各项前期准备工作已经启动，按照国家发展改革委的统一部署，2004年的工作重点是研究问题，理清思路，年底前在梳理并研究问题的基础上，提出比较清晰的“十一五”综合交通体系发展专项规划(以下简称“十一五”交通发展规划)的思路。针对今年规划编制的工作重点，笔者谈一下自己的一些看法，以供大家参考。     

西部中小城市老城区交通改善研究

西部中小城市中心城区老城区特殊的地理背景,决定了其交通改善的特殊性。文章介绍了西部中小城市老城区综合交通系统现状和城市规划现状,分析了其特有的城市交通特点与存在的问题,从系统工程的角度提出了一系列交通改善措施。     

区域综合运输枢纽规划的重点

国际经济全球化和国内经济一体化进程的迅速发展,对我国交通一体化发展提出了越来越高的要求,区域经济一体化促进区域交通一体化的发展。近年来,我国对区域综合交通运输的规划非常重视,进行了长江三角洲地区现代化公路水路交通规划、泛珠三角公路水路交通规划、西部地区综合交通运输网络体系建设思路与对策研究、京津冀都市圈区域规划综合交通网和东北地区区域交通发展规划等方面的区域综合运输规划。而综合运输枢纽是综合交通运输网络建立的基础条件和重要组成部分,也是形成和完善一体化运输系统的关键。因此,区域综合运输枢纽的规划对区域…     

如何建立多商业中心模式解决城市交通问题

文章对城市交通拥堵及其解决措施进行了探讨,为优化单商业中心城市交通资源使用,缓解城市交通拥堵,提出建立多个次级商业中心的设想和实现方式。并建立简单模型对单商业中心模式与多商业中心模式进行比较分析,证明从解决交通问题的角度考虑,城市采取多商业中心模式优于单商业中心模式。     

Enhancing the performance of existing urban traffic light control through extremum-seeking

Urban traffic light controllers are responsible for maintaining good performance within the transport network. Most existing and proposed controllers have design parameters that require some degree of tuning, with the sensitivity of the performance measure to the parameter often high. To date, tuning has been largely treated as a manual calibration exercise but ignores the effects of changes in traffic condition, such as demand profile evolution due to urban population growth. To address this potential shortcoming, we seek to use a newly developed extremum-seeker to calibrate the parameters of existing urban traffic light controllers in real-time such that a certain performance measure is optimised. The results are demonstrated for three categories of traffic controllers on a microscopic urban traffic simulation. It is demonstrated that the extremum-seeking scheme is able to seek the optimal parameters, with respect to a certain performance measure, for each of these traffic light controllers in an urban, uni-modal traffic environment.     

城市道路交通噪声污染经济损失及评估

文章应用市场估值法、享乐价格法和意愿调查价值评估法对城市道路交通噪声经济损失的货币化进行分析,并以北京市为例,计算评估了城市道路交通噪声带来的经济损失。     

Construction of traffic state vector using mutual information for short-term traffic flow prediction

Short-term traffic flow prediction is an integral part in most of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) research and applications. Many researchers have already developed various methods that predict the future traffic condition from the historical database. Nevertheless, there has not been sufficient effort made to study how to identify and utilize the different factors that affect the traffic flow. In order to improve the performance of short-term traffic flow prediction, it is necessary to consider sufficient information related to the road section to be predicted. In this paper, we propose a method of constructing traffic state vectors by using mutual information (MI). First, the variables with different time delays are generated from the historical traffic time series, and the spatio-temporal correlations between the road sections in urban road network are evaluated by the MI. Then, the variables with the highest correlation related to the target traffic flow are selected by using a greedy search algorithm to construct the traffic state vector. The K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) model is adapted for the application of the proposed state vector. Experimental results on real-world traffic data show that the proposed method of constructing traffic state vector provides good prediction accuracy in short-term traffic prediction.     

基于贝叶斯网络模型的交通状态预测

城市的交通状态是可以预测的。有效的交通状态预测能优化交通状态,减少交通阻塞。贝叶斯网络(Bayesian Networks,BN)是目前不确定知识和推理领域最有效的理论模型之一。文章在综合考虑交通阻塞成因的基础上构建网络模型,在已有的交通状态数据的基础上提出基于贝叶斯法则的学习算法,并通过计算变量间的条件概率来计算交通阻塞发生的可能性,达到预测的目的。     

A methodology to control urban traffic noise under the constraint of environmental capacity: A case study of a double-decision optimization model

This paper presents a novel methodology to control urban traffic noise under the constraint of environmental capacity. Considering the upper limits of noise control zones as the major bottleneck to control the maximum traffic flow is a new idea. The urban road network traffic is the mutual or joint behavior of public self-selection and management decisions, so is a typical double decision optimization problem.The proposed methodology incorporates theoretically model specifications. Traffic noise calculation model and traffic assignment model for O–D matrix are integrated based on bi-level programming method which follows an iterated process to obtain the optimal solution. The upper level resolves the question of how to sustain the maximum traffic flow with noise capacity threshold in a feasible road network. The user equilibrium method is adopted in the lower layer to resolve the O–D traffic assignment.The methodology has been applied to study area of QingDao, China. In this illustrative case, the noise pollution level values of optimal solution could satisfy the urban environmental noise capacity constraints. Moreover, the optimal solution was intelligently adjusted rather than simply reducing the value below a certain threshold. The results indicate that the proposed methodology is feasible and effective, and it can provide a reference for a sustainable development and noise control management of the urban traffic.     

城市主要道路平面交叉口安全管理方法

文章基于现今城市干道平面交叉口交通流量密集的状况,分析讨论影响平面交叉口安全管理的因素,提出了交叉口安全管理方法和一些改进措施,为提高城市道路交叉口的交通安全管理提供依据。     

Traffic guidance–perimeter control coupled method for the congestion in a macro network

Macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) describes the macro relationship between a network vehicle density and a network space mean flow, without requiring the mastery of complex origin to destination data. Thus, MFD provides an opportunity for the macro control of urban road network. However, most of the existing MFD control methods ignore the active role of traffic guidance in solving congestion problems. This study presents a traffic guidance–perimeter control coupled (TGPCC) method to improve the performance of macroscopic traffic networks. The method considers the optimal cumulative volume of a network as the goal and establishes a programming function according to the network equilibrium rule of traffic flow amongst multiple MFD sub-regions, which regards the minimum delay of network, as the objective. The Logit model for the compliance rate of driver route guidance is established by the stated preference survey. Moreover, the perimeter control (PC) method is proposed for adjusting the phase split of intersections. Finally, three schemes, namely, the TGPCC, PC and the method without PC and guidance are tested on a network with four well-defined MFD sub-regions. Results show that the TGPCC addresses the issue of congestion and decreases the total delay accordingly.     

System dynamics of urban traffic based on its parking-related-states

The urban parking and the urban traffic systems are essential components of the overall urban transportation structure. The short-term interactions between these two systems can be highly significant and influential to their individual performance. The urban parking system, for example, can affect the searching-for-parking traffic, influencing not only overall travel speeds in the network (traffic performance), but also total driven distance (environmental conditions). In turn, the traffic performance can also affect the time drivers spend searching for parking, and ultimately, parking usage. In this study, we propose a methodology to model macroscopically such interactions and evaluate their effects on urban congestion.The model is built on a matrix describing how, over time, vehicles in an urban area transition from one parking-related state to another. With this model it is possible to estimate, based on the traffic and parking demand as well as the parking supply, the amount of vehicles searching for parking, the amount of vehicles driving on the network but not searching for parking, and the amount of vehicles parked at any given time. More importantly, it is also possible to estimate the total (or average) time spent and distance driven within each of these states. Based on that, the model can be used to design and evaluate different parking policies, to improve (or optimize) the performance of both systems.A simple numerical example is provided to show possible applications of this type. Parking policies such as increasing parking supply or shortening the maximum parking duration allowed (i.e., time controls) are tested, and their effects on traffic are estimated. The preliminary results show that time control policies can alleviate the parking-caused traffic issues without the need for providing additional parking facilities. Results also show that parking policies that intend to reduce traffic delay may, at the same time, increase the driven distance and cause negative externalities. Hence, caution must be exercised and multiple traffic metrics should be evaluated before selecting these policies.Overall, this paper shows how the system dynamics of urban traffic, based on its parking-related-states, can be used to efficiently evaluate the urban traffic and parking systems macroscopically. The proposed model can be used to estimate both, how parking availability can affect traffic performance (e.g., average time searching for parking, number of cars searching for parking); and how different traffic conditions (e.g., travel speed, density in the system) can affect drivers ability to find parking. Moreover, the proposed model can be used to study multiple strategies or scenarios for traffic operations and control, transportation planning, land use planning, or parking management and operations.