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工程实践证明,软土地基超长桩在轴向荷载作用下的荷载传递机理与常规桩基有较大区别。通过深厚软土区超长桩静载试验和桩身轴力测试,依据载荷-沉降变形关系推导的超长桩合理桩长估算公式,利用静载试验Q-S曲线数据对超长桩合理桩长进行计算,为确定深厚软土地区合理桩长避免盲目增加桩长提供参考。 相似文献
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水流流向对圆柱群阻力特性影响研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
为解决工程实际中桩群码头的水流绕流阻力计算问题,以指导涉及桩群的物理模型试验和数值模拟计算等工作,在归纳总结已有的研究成果的基础上,通过先进的数显式测力设备和悬浮测力法对有限深度均匀水流中,不同水流流向对圆柱群绕流阻力影响的测试研究,得出迎流角对圆柱桩群阻力的影响规律,并得出圆柱桩群阻力的迎流角影响系数和其经验公式,并进一步归纳总结出迎流角度为θ的矩形排列圆柱桩群的总阻力计算经验公式;并通过试验测试得到了良好的验证,证实了这些研究规律和公式的正确性和可靠性.该研究成果进一步完善和发展了有限深度均匀水流中,水流流向对圆柱群绕流阻力影响特性规律,并指出该研究的工程意义与价值. 相似文献
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新加坡残积土中大直径钻孔灌注桩的设计,目前是以静力公式计算桩所得承载力为依据的。未充分考虑荷载传递机理和过分依赖桩载荷试验,导致了设计上的保守,一个较好的设计方法是采用一种既可提供沿桩的荷载分布,又可估算完整的荷载-位移关系的荷载-位移分析法。根据附设仪器桩进行原型载荷试验的结果显示,新加坡残积土钻孔灌注桩的受荷行为,与其他地区的硬粘土和软质岩石中钻孔灌注桩的受荷行为相同,那就是这种桩在上述土质中 相似文献
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基于非线性切片理论建立波浪中船体垂荡和纵倾的耦合运动动力方程,给出不同浪向角下船舶的垂荡运动响应和纵倾运动响应.在此基础上,参考Ochi底部砰击试验所提出的经验公式,对某舰船各横剖面的砰击压力系数进行推导,同时对不同频率下砰击载荷的大小、位置等进行研究.结果表明,该船在低频的入射波中更易发生底部砰击,且砰击瞬时的影响不容忽视. 相似文献
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依托某集装箱码头工程的后轨道梁桩基,针对开口钢管桩和半闭口钢管桩两种形式,详细对比国内外常用桩基承载力经验公式计算结果的差异,并与现场静载试验结果进行对比。结果显示:对于砂性土与黏性土成层交替分布的地基,国内外桩基承载力经验公式在侧摩阻力、端阻力、桩端闭塞效应、总承载力计算结果上均存在一定的差异,与静载试验结果相比也有所偏差。按国内规范计算的总承载力与静载试桩结果基本接近,国外经验公式的偏差较大。半闭口桩尖可显著提高砂质地基的桩端承载力,桩端闭塞系数可达0.8以上。相关结论可供类似工程借鉴。 相似文献
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结合某工程,对遮帘板桩式接岸结构桩土相互作用进行数值分析,研究了桩土相关计算参数对桩土作用的影响。由于遮帘桩的存在,在受到后方土压力时,遮帘桩桩间土压力向两侧遮帘桩传递,这样减小了前排桩承受的土压力,产生土拱效应,提高了接岸结构的承载力。土的粘聚力与内摩擦角对桩土相互作用影响较大,随着粘聚力与内摩擦角的增加,遮帘桩荷载承担比均有所增加,最后都趋于稳定值,当粘聚力达到一定值时,内摩擦角对桩土相互作用影响较小。遮帘桩间距及遮帘桩与前板桩间距对桩土作用影响较大,只有综合考虑,才能优化码头设计。土的弹性模量、泊松比、桩土摩擦系数对桩土相互作用影响较小,在设计时可作次要因素考虑。 相似文献
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本文详细讨论了多根梁耦合点的振动功率传播特性.耦合点采用刚体质量来模拟.采用波动分析法研究纵向波或弯曲波入射半无限梁结构耦合点的传播.首先根据耦合点的平衡条件和连续条件,得到了波动方程中的幅值.然后建立了波动幅值和振动功率之间的关系,并得到振动功率反射和传播系数.反射和传播系数确定为振动频率和耦台角度的函数.算例计算了二叉梁的反射系数和传播系数,分析了耦合角度和振动频率以及是否计及耦合点质量对反射系数和传播系数的影响,得到了一些有价值的结论,对于振动控制和结构优化设计具有重要的意义. 相似文献
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在海洋工程水池试验中,造波机与模型之间的二次波浪反射严重影响试验结果的准确性和可靠性。在势流理论的基础上,采用边界元法建立了二维线性数值波浪水池。通过数值模拟结果与解析解的比较,证实该数值波浪水池的适用性。采用全相位频谱分析方法作为水动力反馈,对入射和反射波进行分离,以分离的反射波信号控制摇板运动以达到吸收二次反射波浪的目的。在此基础上,对摇板式造波机在数值波浪水池中进行了无反射造波仿真试验。仿真结果表明,采用无反射造波后,能有效减弱波浪的二次反射。 相似文献
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The problem of oblique wave(internal wave) propagation over a small deformation in a channel flow consisting of two layers was considered.The upper fluid was assumed to be bounded above by a rigid lid,which is an approximation for the free surface,and the lower one was bounded below by an impermeable bottom surface having a small deformation;the channel was unbounded in the horizontal directions.Assuming irrotational motion,the perturbation technique was employed to calculate the first-order corrections of the velocity potential in the two fluids by using Green’s integral theorem suitably with the introduction of appropriate Green’s functions.Those functions help in calculating the reflection and transmission coefficients in terms of integrals involving the shape function representing the bottom deformation.Three-dimensional linear water wave theory was utilized for formulating the relevant boundary value problem.Two special examples of bottom deformation were considered to validate the results.Consideration of a patch of sinusoidal ripples(having the same wave number) shows that the reflection coefficient is an oscillatory function of the ratio of twice the x-component of the wave number to the ripple wave number.When this ratio approaches one,the theory predicts a resonant interaction between the bed and the interface,and the reflection coefficient becomes a multiple of the number of ripples.High reflection of incident wave energy occurs if this number is large.Similar results were observed for a patch of sinusoidal ripples having different wave numbers.It was also observed that for small angles of incidence,the reflected energy is greater compared to other angles of incidence up to.These theoretical observations are supported by graphical results. 相似文献
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船舶阻抗失配基座对平面弯曲波传递的阻抑特性 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
研究了船舶阻抗失配基座对平面弯曲波传递的阻抑特性.基于波动理论,根据不均质结构中波型转换、阻抗特性,推导并给出了振动波入射不同连接形式的船舶基座结构的透声系数及隔声量公式,归纳了隔振性能随基座板架厚度比及频率变化规律,讨论了基座连接结构处板架固定方式对隔振性能的影响.在理论分析基础上,构造含阻振质量的阻抗失配基座.数值结果表明阻抗失配基座显著增大了基座的输入机械阻抗,加剧了振动波在船体板架中的波形转换、散射和反射,显著提高了舰船基座结构的隔振效果. 相似文献
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针对海港工程疏浚边界处大角度入射波浪的显著折射和类似"全反射"现象,及其可能对航道、防波堤及港内不同位置产生的不利影响,采用Boussinesq方程建立典型数学模型,并对相关控制性试验要素进行无量纲处理,试验得出不同条件下的波浪场分布及各要素的影响规律。结果显示,各类影响要素中,入射波高-水深比、海底坡度、入射角对最大波高值及波能聚集位置的影响相对显著。 相似文献
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Smrutiranjan Mohapatra 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2014,(3)
Obliquely incident water wave scattering by an uneven channel-bed in the form of a small bottom undulation in a two-layer fluid is investigated within the frame work of three-dimensional linear water wave theory. The upper fluid is assumed to be bounded above by a rigid lid, while the lower one is bounded below by a bottom surface having a small deformation and the channel is unbounded in the horizontal directions. Assuming irrotational motion, perturbation technique is employed to calculate the first-order corrections to the velocity potentials in the two fluids by using Fourier transform approximately, and also to calculate the reflection and transmission coefficients in terms of integrals involving the shape function representing the bottom deformation. Consideration of a patch of sinusoidal ripples shows that the reflection coefficient is an oscillatory function of the ratio of twice the component of the wave number along x-axis and the ripple wave number. When this ratio approaches one, the theory predicts a resonant interaction between the bed and interface, and the reflection coefficient becomes a multiple of the number of ripples. High reflection of incident wave energy occurs if this number is large. 相似文献
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The problem of wave scattering by undulating bed topography in a two-layer ocean is investigated on the basis of linear theory.
In a two-layer fluid with the upper layer having a free surface, there exist two modes of waves propagating at both the free
surface of the upper layer and the interface between the two layers. Due to a wave train of a particular mode incident on
an obstacle which is bottom-standing on the lower layer, reflected and transmitted waves of both modes are created by the
obstacle. For small undulations on the bottom of the lower layer, a perturbation method is employed to obtain first-order
reflection and transmission coefficients of both modes for incident wave trains of again both modes in terms of integrals
involving the bed-shape function. For sinusoidal undulations, numerical results are presented graphically to illustrate the
energy transfer between the waves of different modes by the undulating bed.
U. BASU was born in 1949. She is a professor in the Department Applied Mathematics, Calcutta University, India. Her current research
interests include water wave problems, continuum mechanics, etc. 相似文献
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基于N-S方程和连续性方程建立了三维数值波浪水池,并在该水池内对固定直立柱在不同浪向下的波浪爬升和绕射问题进行了数值模拟。为了验证数值计算的准确性,对立柱近壁面处的波浪爬升效应展开了模型试验研究,计算值与试验值吻合较好,证明了该方法的可行性。研究了入射角度的变化对立柱周围波浪爬升幅度和非线性特征的影响,同时从垂直浪向的投影面积和相对浪向的投影面形状这两个因素出发,探讨了不同浪向角下立柱周围的波浪叠加、波面放大率以及二次波峰效应,并对自由面漩涡生成特性进行了较为深入的机理性研究,可为今后进一步研究不同的入射角度下,复杂的海洋结构物周围的波浪非线性效应提供有价值的参考。 相似文献