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侧向屈曲是非埋设海底高温高压管道运行期间常见的失效形式.由高温和高压造成的管道轴向应力是导致管道侧向屈曲的主要原因.本文对管道侧向屈曲进行了数学解析分析,并给出了管道在实际运行状态下发生侧向屈曲时常出现的四种模态的力学分析结果.对某工程项目的海底管道进行了侧向屈曲的数值计算以验证其工程可靠性.从理论和工程实践两方面分析比较了控制侧向屈曲的各种方法.初步探讨了深水高温高压管道的侧向屈曲控制方法. 相似文献
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现用海底管线的地震应力计算方法存在着计算应力过大、管线几何参数和埋设深度对计算结果几乎没有影响等问题,研究在考虑了海底管线实际埋设环境的基础上,通过计算发现在设计地震条件下,管土之间的约束实际上已进入了塑性滑移状态.结合理论分析,给出了考虑地震时管线周围约束土壤进入塑性滑移状态后的极限地震应力计算方法,来计算海底埋设管线在地震作用下所产生的最大地震应力.并用该新方法分析了一实际管线工程的地震应力,通过与现用方法计算结果的比较,证明该方法克服了现用设计方法仅考虑管土之间为弹性约束、管线几何尺寸对抗震设计影响很小等问题,有效反映了实际铺设环境对海底管线地震应力的作用.最后通过新的应力计算法,结合工程实例计算,进一步明确了管线几何参数和埋设深度对极限地震应力的影响规律,为准确计算海底管线的地震应力、制定海底管线抗震规范、进行在役海底管线的地震风险评估和寿命预测奠定了基础. 相似文献
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海底石油管线埋设已经成为海洋工程的重要组成部分,在埋设管线的过程中沟槽的稳定性和坡度选择直接影响到埋设工程的工作量。利用强度折减有限单元法对某海域海底管线埋设的沟槽进行了分析,通过计算不同坡脚时沟槽边坡的稳定性,选择了符合工程要求的最佳坡脚。同时比较了最大总位移和x方向最大位移作为边坡失稳判据的区别,结果证明用最大总位移作为判据判断海底沟槽边坡稳定性更直观。 相似文献
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1947年,一艘名为“REINADEL PACI—FICO”的远洋货轮发生主机大爆炸,造成28名船员丧生的大灾难。事后的调查表明,主机爆炸的原因是由于主机曲拐箱内的油雾浓度过高引起。此一事故引起了航运界的关注,由英国海洋工程师及机械工程师学会首先对此进行了研究。 相似文献
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海底管道的安全可靠运行是海上油气田生产的根本保障。近年,由于海水冲刷悬空、海上拖网捕鱼作业等,在我国近海相继出现了几次海底管道泄漏事件。2002年10月初,南海西部涠洲12-1至11-4油田海底管道发生的一次泄漏,造成了该油田停产和巨大的经济损失;该文通过该工程所采用的水下维修实例,介绍了一种典型的海底管道水下机械连接维修方法及其实施中的难点和关键点,以期对类似工程具有指导作用。 相似文献
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海洋平台工作环境恶劣,有酸雾,油污等,故对材质防腐要求较高。由于玻璃钢材质具有耐腐蚀,质量轻等优点,尤其是对重量要求严格的浮体项目中,在部分管线系统中被广泛采用。若管线安装在危险区域,如何对玻璃钢管线做防静电接地处理,对保护设备及人身的安全至关重要。首先介绍了静电的危害及防止的措施,然后分析了平台中玻璃钢管线的优缺点等特性及玻璃钢管线接地工艺、施工程序及接地电阻检验标准等,最后在巴油P70项目中进行玻璃钢管线防静电接地设计及安装。 相似文献
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In order to release the axial compressive force resulting from high-temperature conditions, sleepers or distributed buoyancy sections are usually installed along the route of the subsea pipeline as the buckle initiation facilities to trigger lateral buckles. DNV-RP-F110 suggests that the individual buckle initiators can be combined to further increase the reliability of buckle formation. In this study, an improved buckle initiation technique, called the combined sleeper and distributed buoyancy section, is investigated. A generalised mathematical model is proposed to simulate lateral buckling triggered by the combined sleeper and distributed buoyancy section, and it can also be applied to simulate lateral buckling triggered by an individual technique, such as triggered only by sleeper or only by distributed buoyancy section. The mathematical model is verified by comparing with the solutions in the literature. The parametric analysis shows that the buckle formation reliability can be improved when the combined sleeper and distributed buoyancy section is employed. Moreover, both the axial force and the maximum stress along the buckled pipeline in the post-buckling stage are at a lower level, so the pipeline will be safer when the combined sleeper and distributed buoyancy section is utilised as the triggers. 相似文献
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货油系统作为FPSO最重要的系统之一,一旦出现故障,会使整个海上油田的生产作业陷入停顿或瘫痪的状态,将造成巨大的经济损失,对其进行应力分析,指导管系布置十分必要。本文以30万吨通用型FPSO货油系统为研究对象,应用CAESARII管道应力分析软件建立分析模型,考虑极端工况的加速度、船体变形和风载荷等,对其管系一次应力、二次应力和泵口载荷进行了分析,并对管系的布置进行了优化,提高了管系布置的效率和准确性,为FPSO其他管路系统及其他船型的管系布置提供参考依据。 相似文献
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海底管道通常会因腐蚀而形成各种不同类型的缺陷,影响管道的承载能力和使用寿命。本研究在准确掌握管道缺陷发展情况的基础上,分别根据行业规范和采用有限元方法对海上油田含有腐蚀缺陷的原油管线进行剩余强度评价,判定海底管道修复的必要性和修复的紧迫程度,以确定最终的管线修复方案,可供类似海底管道修复工程参考。 相似文献
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为实现油压和油量的合理一,在发电用汽轮机油管路中设置了节流孔板.讨论在原油管路中节流孔板处产生较大的振动和噪声.通过分析,将油管路中的主油泵主注油器进出口管路上节流孔板加以发行,将原孔板改变为节流喷嘴的结构型式.试验证明,注油器和主油泵出口出以及节流喷嘴出口处的振动和噪声大大降低,达到减振降噪的效果. 相似文献
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船舶管路清洗新工艺的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
相对传统的管路系统串油清洗,串油程序复杂、工作量大、周期较长,提出了中性化学清洗和串油相结合的方法,缩短修造周期、提高修造船速度,为企业降本增效。 相似文献
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Pipelines exposed to high temperature and high pressure with a topographic step imperfection are susceptible to the phenomenon of upheaval buckling potentially leading to a hazard for the structural integrity of the pipeline. To analyse this problem we derive analytical upheaval buckling solutions and obtain the locations of maximum displacement and maximum axial compressive stress. We also analyse the typical post-buckling behaviour and its dependence on step height, axial soil resistance and wall thickness. The difference in behaviour between a pipeline with step imperfection and one with a symmetric prop imperfection is discussed. Our results show that a pipeline with a step imperfection is more prone to upheaval buckling than a perfect pipeline. For sufficiently small step heights the pipeline may suffer a snap-back instability under decreasing thermal loading, raising the possibility of hysteretic snap behaviour under cyclic thermal loading (for instance caused by periodic start-ups and shut-downs). The snap-back buckling disappears for large enough step height and the minimum critical temperature difference decreases with increasing step height and wall thickness or with decreasing axial soil resistance. The maximum compressive stress decreases with increasing step height and axial soil resistance or with decreasing wall thickness. A pipeline with step imperfection is safer than one with a symmetric prop imperfection. 相似文献
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目前国内造船业的转模工作进展很快,船舶设计与建造正与国外先进的模块化技术接轨。船舶采用模块化设计建造技术,势必引起管路设计安装的变革。论述了模块化设计建造技术下管路连接方式的变化及管路连接技术的研究进展,着重对卡箍式管接头、TiNi记忆合金管接头的密封原理、特点及模块化设计建造管路对接的优化准则进行论述。 相似文献
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In this study, we propose a method for estimating the amount of expansion that occurs in subsea pipelines, which could be applied in the design of robust structures that transport oil and gas from offshore wells. We begin with a literature review and general discussion of existing estimation methods and terminologies with respect to subsea pipelines. Due to the effects of high pressure and high temperature, the production of fluid from offshore wells is typically caused by physical deformation of subsea structures, e.g., expansion and contraction during the transportation process. In severe cases, vertical and lateral buckling occurs, which causes a significant negative impact on structural safety, and which is related to on-bottom stability, free-span, structural collapse, and many other factors. In addition, these factors may affect the production rate with respect to flow assurance, wax, and hydration, to name a few. In this study, we developed a simple and efficient method for generating a reliable pipe expansion design in the early stage, which can lead to savings in both cost and computation time. As such, in this paper, we propose an applicable diagram, which we call the standard dimensionless ratio (SDR) versus virtual anchor length (LA) diagram, that utilizes an efficient procedure for estimating subsea pipeline expansion based on applied reliable scenarios. With this user guideline, offshore pipeline structural designers can reliably determine the amount of subsea pipeline expansion and the obtained results will also be useful for the installation, design, and maintenance of the subsea pipeline. 相似文献