用序批式活性污泥法处理化学品船洗舱污水的研究

序批式活性污泥法，即ＳＢＲ法，随着其反应器控制系统的完善越来越受到人们的重视。通过实验研究了解该反应器的特性。实验分驯化污泥、增加负荷、确定运行周期等３个阶段。首先通过驯化污泥明确化学品船洗舱污水的可生化降解性；增强负荷是为了解装置的处理能力；而确定运行周期是针对该污水寻找一合适的处理周期。本实验结论如下：１）使用ＳＢＲ法处理化学品船洗舱污水切实可行；２）实验中出现污水膨胀现象可采取措施控制；３）使用该装置产生的污泥量少，处理费用低。     

中国船配业调整转型 勇于创新

回首2014年,业内一些企业负责人用调整、创新、整合、风险等词概括了船配业的整体形势。总体而言,这一年,船配市场形势依旧严峻,船配企业仍然遭遇着订单被撤、生产计划调整、订单价格大幅下挫、企业盈利难加剧等一连串打击。不过,随着市场需求结构升级,节能环保设备愈加成为关注焦点,不少船配企业加快转型步伐,积极调整产品结构,加大技术升级与设备更新力度,在一定程度上化解了企业的市场     

漂泊的愚人船

“愚人船”（Ship of fools）=“一船笨蛋”？事实上，“愚人船”是一种文化现象，其引申意义远远大于其曾经存在过的实际意义。     

某可倒式桅杆系统的设计与组成

介绍了一种可倒式桅杆系,并对其整体构造、内部各系统组成以及工作方式进行了阐述,并通过试验对可倒式桅杆系统进行了检验。结果表明,此系统可满足实船应用需求。     

航运安全与防污

日本邮船研发新型滚装船 日本邮船（NYK）提出环保意识的冷冻地球“CoolEarth”计划的第一阶段正式启动。公司拨出经费700亿日元，为了经由提高发动机效能、改进船体线型、使用燃料电池、应用“水下空气洞”技术、安装太阳能电池板、改善螺旋桨管理、利用风力等一系列措施，大幅减少二氧化碳排放。该项计划是在一艘汽车运输船的甲板上安装太阳能电池板，328块电池板将占超过该船甲板面积的25％。     

垂直船艏在波浪中快速性综合分析研究

摘要：垂直船艏是江南造船（集团）有限责任公司自主研发的一型性能优异的船艏，为了分析其在波浪中的快速性能，针对两型不同船艏的散货船，通过耐波性对比试验，结合9条典型散货船航线及其全年的波浪特性，模拟采用不同船艏的两个船队在相同航线上的年油耗和年货运量，得出的结论充分说明垂直船舶在波浪中的快速性能优良，值得在船舶设计界推广应用。     

论“宁波1”下水工程的引航风险控制与操纵方案

0 前言三星重工业（宁波）有限公司为提升企业的核心竞争力,一改以往只在宁波生产船体分段的做法,开始建造整船出口,这在其17年的建厂历史上尚属首次,因此把新船命名为“宁波1”（以下简称新船）.该船采用先进的陆地造船技术,不采用常见的重力式下水法,而是通过半潜式船舶“M”轮,使用“船一岸对接”轨道将其装载,然后在海上下潜,把新船从“M”轮上分离出来,下水后的新船无动力,须靠回三星2泊位进行舾装作业再交付出口.整个下水工程引航作业分为半潜船靠泊、半潜船装载新船离泊、新船与半潜船分离、新船至锚地抛锚、新船回靠码头和新船离泊出口六个阶段.1 码头现状和船舶资料     

集装箱海上“库化”运输系统

集装箱海上“库化”运输系统揭示了一种自动集装箱运输船舶（船库）和一种自动集装箱存储装卸码头（港库）。船库和港库均可自动装卸存储集装箱，多方案配合使用可形成一个快捷、安全、准时、经济、无混错丢损箱的全球集装箱海上远洋“库化”运输系统。     

MEPC设定碳标准加快航运业环保进程

随着MEPC对MARPOLN,I录VI修正案的采纳，新船能源效率设计指标（EnergyEfficiencyDesignIndex，EEDI）以及现成船的船舶能源效率管理计划（ShipEnergyEfficiencyManagementPlan，SFEMP）成为强制性并可望于2013年1月1日正式生效。     

机舱可拆口新型码头登船梯的设计及使用

本文阐述了一种机舱可拆口新型码头登船梯的设计,可作为我司南沙厂区产品船码头机舱可拆口登船梯的一种通用形式,其安全性更高,使用方便,解决了登船梯阻碍吊机行走的瓶颈,提高吊机使用效率.     

美国可变船型气垫船(T-Craft)技术方案

美国海军研究署(ONR)2006年启动可变船型气垫船(Transformable Craft,简称:T-Craft)项目,用于海上基地的高速连接舰。第一阶段研究主要开展初步方案论证及技术风险分析等;第二阶段研究自2008年初开始,包括关键技术研究、方案设计和模型试验等。文章主要介绍在合同第二阶段,Alion公司及TMLS公司对该船型的一些研究工作和关键技术解决方案。     

垂向限位器对舱口盖强度特性的影响分析

参照IACS UR S21的相关要求,在某散货船舱口盖结构强度的有限元分析中,对舱盖板之间垂向限位器进行了模拟,并讨论在垂向露天设计载荷作用下舱盖板之间铰链接缝处垂向限位器的关联程度对盖板变形和应力分布的影响。分析结果表明:垂向限位器能有效的限制舱盖板间的垂向相对变形;在建模中考虑舱盖板之间垂向限位器的关联作用,能准确反映舱口盖结构的变形和应力分布,使舱口盖结构的风雨密和强度设计更为合理。     

实船耐波性试验数据快速分析方法研究

针对实船耐波性试验数据不规则性强、数据量大的特点,研究了包括有效数据采样、数据中心化、快速傅里叶变换（FFT）、幅值统计分析等环节在内的耐波性试验数据快速分析方法,成功开发耐波性试验数据分析系统,直接由原始试验结果分析得到舰船在海浪中的运动响应幅度统计值,并将原始记录及分析结果的曲线和数据导出,生成Excel等形式的文件,大大简化了试验数据处理过程,提高了效率。     

The influence of oceanographic scenarios on the population dynamics of demersal resources in the western Mediterranean: Hypothesis for hake and red shrimp off Balearic Islands

The aim of the present paper is to study the relationships between some climatic indices and parental stock, recruitment and accessibility to trawl fishery of hake (Merluccius merluccius) and red shrimp (Aristeus antennatus) off Balearic Islands (western Mediterranean). Available annual catch per unit effort, recruitment and spawning stock biomass have been used as biological data. As environmental data, the meso-scale IDEA index and the large-scale North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Mediterranean Oscillation (MO) indices have been used. To analyze possible links between these indices with the population dynamics of demersal resources, two non-linear approaches have been applied: (i) stock–recruitment relationships from Ricker and Beverton–Holt models, by sequentially incorporating environment factors; (ii) generalized additive modelling, both classical general and threshold non-additive models were considered. The latter simulate an abrupt change in explicative variables across different phases (time periods or climatic index values). The results have shown that two oceanographic scenarios around the Balearic Islands, associated with macro and meso-scale climate regimes, can influence the population dynamics of hake and red shrimp. This is especially true for recruitment, which seems to be enhanced during low NAO and IDEA indices periods. During these periods, colder-than-normal winters generate high amounts of cold Western Mediterranean Intermediate Waters (WIW) in the Gulf of Lions, which flow southwards and reach the Balearic Islands channels in spring, increasing the productivity in the area. This oceanographic scenario could also be favourable to the distribution of hake on the fishing grounds where the trawl fleet targets this species, increasing its accessibility to the fishery. Both spawning stock and abundance of red shrimp seems to be also enhanced by high MO index periods, which could reflect the increased presence of the saline and warm Levantine Intermediate Waters (LIW) in the study area, extending over the fishing grounds of this species. The proposed interactions can be useful to assess and manage these important demersal resources.     

大型船舶横向靠离码头所需拖船协助力的近似计算

为了保证大型船舶安全、经济地靠离码头，驾引人员应当对所需拖船协助力心中有数。国内外研究人员已在理论和实验方面做了大量的工作，但实用的计算方法仍不多见，且存在着一些问题。提高大型船舶横向靠离码头所需拖船协助力估算精度的关键是横流阻力系数Ｃ（ｗｙ）的估算。该文根据１２条船模试验数据用逐步回归分析法获得了可以表达Ｃ（ｗｙ）与船型及水深之间关系的近似公式；同时依据大型船舶横向离码头实际是加减速运动这一事实，考虑了加速运动对Ｃ（ｗｙ）系数的影响；此外还分析了岸壁对船舶横向运动的影响。该文所提供的计算方法是实用和可靠的，可供船舶驾引人员使用，亦可供船舶操纵运动数学模型研究人员参考。     

轮机模拟器中的实时技术

为履行STCW(78/95)国际公约,轮机模拟器受到了广泛的重视.轮机模拟器是充分应用数学建模技术、过程仿真技术等计算机技术的大型教学实训设备,其对实时性的要求较高.文中从实时性的角度,介绍了轮机模拟器中的多进程和共享内存技术,并就它们对轮机模拟器技术性能的影响进行了分析.     

风暴中船舶安全池破损问题

选用实际在航货船船型,运用理论和模型试验相结合的方法确定非线性横摇运动方程各系数,研究了随机波浪和随机风中船舶安全池的破损问题.引入定量分析方法,考虑扰动波谱(例如ITTC谱)对安全池破损的影响以及脉动风速谱的作用,进一步揭示了安全池破损的内在机理及影响因素.本文认为,计算安全池时应选择合适的扰动波谱,风速脉动特性的影响是不能忽略的.     

Enforcement of law by the Port State Control (PSC)

Since the International Maritime Organization (IMO) introduced the Port State Control (PSC) programme in 1982, it has been playing a vital role in the enforcement of safety law at sea worldwide. This paper addresses the effectiveness of PSC and the effectiveness of the methods for selecting ships to be inspected adopted by regional PSC. Data on ship total loss (from 1973-2003) and on the PSC records (from 1994-2005) have been collected. The study reveals that the enforcement of PSC is effective in improving the safety level of maritime transport. The methods adopted by regional PSC are compared on their effectiveness, efficiency and stability in identifying substandard ships. Suggestions are made on the improvement of the enforcement of PSC.     

SPH中改进无网格插值方法比较和精度分析(英文)

In the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method, a meshless interpolation scheme is needed for the unknown function in order to discretize the governing equation. A particle approximation method has so far been used for this purpose. Traditional particle interpolation (TPI) is simple and easy to do, but its low accuracy has become an obstacle to its wider application. This can be seen in the cases of particle disorder arrangements and derivative calculations. There are many different methods to improve accuracy, with the moving least square (MLS) method one of the most important meshless interpolation methods. Unfortunately, it requires complex matrix computing and so is quite time-consuming. The authors developed a simpler scheme, called higher-order particle interpolation (HPI). This scheme can get more accurate derivatives than the MLS method, and its function value and derivatives can be obtained simultaneously. Although this scheme was developed for the SPH method, it has been found useful for other meshless methods.     

Through-wall yield ductile burst pressure of high-grade steel tube and casing with and without corroded defect

Service environment of tube and casing in deep and ultra-deep well is getting more and more complicated, and the internal pressure applied to tube and casing is higher, so that the high-grade steel tube and casing (HGTC) made of ductile material is widely used. Obviously, the calculation of ductile burst pressure for HGTC is one of the key factors in design and important to safe and efficient development of unconventional oil and gas resources. Here, based on the failure principle of through-wall yield and unified yield criterion, the unified formula of through-wall yield ductile burst pressure (TYBP) for tube and casing under practical service condition which can be used to calculate TYBP of API HGTC and non-API HGTC accurately and reasonably by using true material parameters, has been deduced in this paper with due consideration of the effect of Bauschinger effect (BE), material hardening and intermediate principal stress (IPS) on the TYBP, by which the influence rules of BE, IPS and yield criterion on TYBP of tube and casing have been investigated.（The effect of lattice effect (BE), material hardening and intermediate principal stress (IPS) on TYBP is accurately and reasonably derived from non-API HGTC by using real material parameters. The value of BE, IPS and the TYBP yield criterion of pipe and casing are studied. Eight kinds of classic through-wall yield ductile burst formulas for tube and casing made of new material have been be derived from a series of yield criterion, by which TYBP model of HGTC with and without corrosion defect has been established based on weighted twin shear stress yield criterion. The calculation results of TYBP model presented by this paper are the closest to the full-scale burst experimental data than the other burst models, which can provide an important reference for burst pressure design and estimation of HGTC in deep and ultra-deep well.