海洋与乡村环境中低碳钢大气腐蚀动力学研究（英文）

In continuation of the extensive studies carried out to update the corrosion map of India, in this study, the degradation of mild steel by air pollutants was studied at 16 different locations from Nagore to Ammanichatram along the east coast of Tamilnadu, India over a period of two years. The weight loss study showed that the mild steel corrosion was more at Nagapattinam site, when compared to Ammanichatram and Maravakadu sites. A linear regression analysis of the experimental data was attempted to predict the mechanism of the corrosion. The composition of the corrosion products formed on the mild steel surfaces was identified by XRD technique. The corrosion rate values obtained are discussed in the light of the weathering parameters, atmospheric pollutants such as salt content & SO2 levels in the atmosphere, corrosion products formed on the mild steel surfaces.     

螺旋桨梢涡流场的DES模拟（英文）

文章应用分离涡模型(DES)对螺旋桨尾流中梢涡流场分布进行了数值研究。为准确模拟螺旋桨梢涡流场的信息,应用全六面体网格对螺旋桨计算域进行网格划分,通过迭代计算确定螺旋桨梢涡涡核的位置。为避免数值离散误差,对梢涡区域进行了网格加密处理。为了研究螺旋桨梢涡空间形态,文中采用涡核识别的"Q准则",对螺旋桨梢涡等值面进行定义。计算结果表明,该文建立的尾流中梢涡流场分布数值模拟方法能够准确预报出螺旋桨梢涡流场的分布及涡核形状,与实验测量结果相符。     

试验型水下滑翔机的动力学分析及实验（英文）

水下滑翔机是一种新型的无推进装置的水下运载器,它是由净浮力来驱动的,同时通过内部的直线驱动器来改变重心的位置以实现姿态的调节。对于大多数水下滑翔机,浮力机构是通过改变自身排水体积来实现的,文中介绍了一种变重量的水下滑翔机的设计、动力学分析以及实验过程,该浮力调节机构主要由单向水泵和三位五通电磁阀组成,最大下潜深度为30米。文中介绍了水下滑翔机的运动方程和动力学特性,并且给出了在稳定时刻的解,并且通过计算流体力学的方法对水下滑翔机的水动力特性进行了分析。仿真和实验结果证明了该水下滑翔机的可靠性及实用性。     

采用蒸汽再加热的船用蒸汽推进装置冷凝加热系统的热力学分析（英文）

The thermodynamic(energy and exergy) analysis of a condensate heating system, its segments, and components from a marine steam propulsion plant with steam reheating is performed in this paper. It is found that energy analysis of any condensate heating system should be avoided because it is highly influenced by the measuring equipment accuracy and precision. All the components from the observed marine condensate heating system have energy destructions lower than 3 kW, while the energy efficiencies of this system are higher than 99%. The exergy efficiency of closed condensate heaters continuously increases from the lowest to the highest steam pressures(from 70.10% to 92.29%). The ambient temperature variation between 5 °C and 45 °C notably influences the exergy efficiency change of both low pressure heaters and the low pressure segment equal to 31.61%,12.37%, and 18.35%, respectively.     

海上浮式风机的动力学建模与响应分析（英文）

在恶劣的海洋环境下,浮式风机展现出复杂的动力特性。因此,对海上浮式风机的动力响应进行研究非常重要。本文基于有限元法与若丹速度变分原理,建立了浮式风机的刚-柔耦合动力学模型,依此编写了相应的数值计算程序并验证了程序的正确性。以安装在OC4半潜型浮式基础上的NREL-5MW水平轴风机为例,通过对比分析,研究了浮式基础的运动对风机动力特性的影响。结果表明,基础运动通过改变风机在风场中的位置与姿态对气动载荷与叶片变形产生影响。本文研究成果可以为海上浮式风机叶片设计提供一些合理建议。     

系泊浮体运动响应分析的非线性水动力学方法（英文）

Nonlinear wave loads can induce low-frequency and high-frequency resonance motions of a moored platform in deep water. For the analysis of the nonlinear response of an offshore platform under the action of irregular waves, the most widely used method in practice is the Cummins method, in which the second-order exciting forces in the time domain are computed by a two-term Volterra series model based on incident waves, first-order body motion response, and quadratic transfer functions(QTFs). QTFs are bichromatic waves acting on a body and are computed in the frequency domain in advance. For moving bodies, QTFs are related to the first-order body response, which is to be determined in the simulation process of body motion response but is unknown in the computation procedure of QTFs. In solving this problem, Teng and Cong(2017) proposed a method to divide the QTFs into different components,which are unrelated to the body response. With the application of the new QTF components, a modified Cummins method can be developed for the simulation of the nonlinear response of a moored floating platform. This paper presents a review of the theory.     

蒸汽弹射器的动力学仿真研究

针对航母蒸汽弹射器，在对其受力及热力学分析的基础上，建立其动力学模型，利用MATLAB软件建立了仿真系统进行数值计算，得到舰载机运动加速度、速度的大小及其与位移的关系，其计算方法是可行的；对多种弹射工况进行了仿真分析，获得不同工况下舰载机的弹射起飞运动特性，为弹射器的设计提供了可选方法及参数。     

波浪中螺旋桨非定常水动力性能研究（英文）

The speed of a ship sailing in waves always slows down due to the decrease in efficiency of the propeller. So it is necessary and essential to analyze the unsteady hydrodynamic performance of propeller in waves. This paper is based on the numerical simulation and experimental research of hydrodynamics performance when the propeller is under wave conditions. Open-water propeller performance in calm water is calculated by commercial codes and the results are compared to experimental values to evaluate the accuracy of the numerical simulation method. The first-order Volume of Fluid(VOF) wave method in STAR CCM+ is utilized to simulate the three-dimensional numerical wave. According to the above prerequisite, the numerical calculation of hydrodynamic performance of the propeller under wave conditions is conducted, and the results reveal that both thrust and torque of the propeller under wave conditions reveal intense unsteady behavior. With the periodic variation of waves, ventilation, and even an effluent phenomenon appears on the propeller. Calculation results indicate, when ventilation or effluent appears, the numerical calculation model can capture the dynamic characteristics of the propeller accurately, thus providing a significant theory foundation forfurther studying the hydrodynamic performance of a propeller in waves.     

波浪中船底空泡对振动吸收的研究（英文）

Bottom ventilated cavitation is the successfully proven ship drag reduction technology, but the impact of sea waves on ships with bottom cavities is the substantial concern for a broad technology implementation. The influence of waves on vertical force experienced by such ships is analyzed in this paper using a perturbation technique. The unperturbed cavity shape at given Froude number and cavity length was found from a nonlinear steady ideal fluid problem. The ship response to an impact of a wave of the given length and amplitude is considered as the one-frequency perturbation. This perturbation was found by combined consideration of compressible flow in the cavity and incompressible flow in the surrounding water. Computational examples relate to an earlier tested model with the bottom cavity restricted by skegs. The vertical forces on the model with bottom cavities and in cavitation-free conditions were compared in head and following seas. It was found that within the major part of the consider range of wavelengths the cavity acts as a shock absorber significantly reducing the vertical force pulsation and ship acceleration in waves.     

梁场蒸汽养护系统研究

在对梁场蒸汽养护系统的研究中,通过对砂石料温度控制系统、混凝土拌和站水温控制系统和箱梁蒸汽养护系统3个组成部分理论分析、科学试验和数值计算,确定整个系统的热量消耗和蒸汽供应量,建立了一套经济、科学的蒸汽养护系统,并实现了箱梁蒸汽养护的自动化控制。     

变尺度链式和阵列式浮岛动力学特性演变规律研究（英文）

本文考虑一个变尺度浮岛,研究浮岛拓扑构型从种子模块演变为链式结构,再从链式结构演变为阵列式结构的过程中系统动力学特性的演变规律。建立尺度可变的多模块浮动平台的广义动力学模型,重点围绕浮岛的稳定性和特性演变进行分析。数值结果给出了链式和阵列式浮动平台发生弱振幅运动时连接器的临界刚度,讨论了浮动平台结构设计中连接器刚度的设计范围,研究了浮动平台动力学特性随其尺度变化的规律。结果表明,链式或阵列式浮动平台尺度的增加可以改善系统的动力学稳定性,但可能会增大对应的连接器载荷。研究结果可为浮动平台的构型设计提供理论指导。     

磁流体推进稳定性的解析研究（英文）

In this paper an analytical solution for the stability of the fully developed flow drive in a magneto-hydro-dynamic pump with pulsating transverse Eletro-magnetic fields is presented. To do this, a theoretical model of the flow is developed and the analytical results are obtained for both the cylindrical and Cartesian configurations that are proper to use in the propulsion of marine vessels. The governing parabolic momentum PDEs are transformed into an ordinary differential equation using approximate velocity distribution. The numerical results are obtained and asymptotic analyses are built to discover the mathematical behavior of the solutions. The maximum velocity in a magneto-hydro-dynamic pump versus time for various values of the Stuart number, electro-magnetic interaction number, Reynolds number, aspect ratio, as well as the magnetic and electrical angular frequency and the shift of the phase angle is presented. Results show that for a high Stuart number there is a frequency limit for stability of the fluid flow in a certain direction of the flow. This stability frequency is dependent on the geometric parameters of a channel.     

静水中高速双体船气动、水动力学效应的数值和实验研究（英文）

In this paper, the effect of water and air fluids on the behavior of a planing catamaran in calm water was studied separately in calm water by using experimental and numerical methods. Experiments were conducted in a towing tank over the Froude number range of 0.49–2.9 with two degrees of freedom. The model vessel displacement of 5.3 kg was implemented in experimental tests. Craft behavior was evaluated at the displacements of 5.3, 4.6, and 4 kg by using the numerical method. The numerical simul...     

疲劳评估中结构计算的不确定性传播（英文）

Offshore wind substations are subjected to uncertain loads from waves, wind and currents. Sea states are composed of irregular waves which statistics are usually characterized. Irregular loads may induce fatigue failure of some structural components of the structures. By combining fatigue damage computed through numerical simulations for each sea state endured by the structure, it is possible to assess fatigue failure of the structure over the whole deployment duration. Yet,the influence of the ...     

曲面孔板反射系数试验研究（英文）

A set of experiments is carried out in a towing tank to study the effects of the curvature of perforated plates on the wave reflection coefficient(Cr). The curvature of a perforated plate can be changed by rotating a reference perforated plate about its origin point according to the parabolic equation y=-x~2. A plunger-type wave maker is used to generate regular waves. The reflection coefficients are calculated using Goda and Suzuki's(1976) method. The results are compared with those of vertical or sloped passive wave absorbers. The comparison shows that a perforated plate with a curved profile is highly efficient in terms of reducing the wave reflection coefficient. A correlation is established to estimate the reflection coefficient of curved perforated plates as a function of both flow and geometry characteristics.     

水管路系统低噪声配置研究（英文）

管路系统的水力功能和振动噪声性能相互影响皆为设计目标。舰船领域中冷却水管路系统长期开启,管路系统振动及船外辐射噪声受到关注。为实现船外辐射噪声的控制,有必要建立水力和声学的协调设计技术。文章以低噪声配置原则为管路系统设计指导,基于复杂水力管网计算方法进行管系合理配置,基于管系等效水梁及管系—船体声固耦合整体建模方法进行振动及船外辐射噪声计算评估,形成了水力与声学协调的管路系统低噪声配置技术流程。以典型冷却水管路系统为对象,初步测试验证了配置原则和计算方法。     

船用燃料中芳烃浓度对粒子排放的影响研究（英文）

The fuel sulfur content in marine fuels has been regulated in Sulfur Emission Control Areas(SECAs) since January 2015. However, other fuel characteristics are also believed to have an impact on particle emissions, particularly on the number of particles emitted. This study investigates the impact of the content of aromatics in fuel. To achieve fuel blends with concentrations of aromatics similar to those found in marine fuel oils, i.e. 20%–30% by volume(%vol.), normal diesel oil(4%–5% vol. aromatics) is doped with a mixture of aromatics. Emission measurements are conducted in test-bed engine facilities and particle emissions over a wide size range are analyzed. Results show a decreased number of particles emitted(or not change) with an increase in the aromatic concentration in fuel. This is because there is a reduction in the cetane number of the fuel with an increased aromatic content, which effects the combustion process and results in decreased particle formation. However, when ignition improver is used to increase the cetane number, particle emissions remain at a lower level than for normal diesel oil; thereby emphasizing the presence of other factors in the formation of particles.     

三层流体中被淹没球体的波浪散射研究（英文）

Using linear water wave theory, three-dimensional problems concerning the interaction of waves with spherical structures in a fluid which contains a three-layer fluid consisting of a layer of finite depth bounded above by freshwater of finite depth with free surface and below by an infinite layer of water of greater density are considered. In such a situation timeharmonic waves with a given frequency can propagate with three wavenumbers. The sphere is submerged in either of the three layers. Eac...     

波浪中航行两船模池壁干扰效应的数值研究（英文）

对规则波中顶浪并行航行的两船模,基于频域移动脉动源格林函数建立了有效表达池壁效应的三维数学模型,该模型采用分布源积分方法求解近距航行两船模的波浪作用力和运动响应,并利用镜像原理将水池格林函数表示为开阔水域的格林函数和由镜像点源组成的无穷级数。分析移动脉动源格林函数的远场传播模态及其特性可知,当τ0.272(τ为斯特劳哈尔数)时各传播波模态均不在点源的上游出现,故此时点源波系的影响范围可由环形—扇形波的半楔角确定,在此基础上计及船模辐射—绕射波的池壁反射作用对自身和另一船模的干扰,依据船型要素、水池宽度和两船相对位置,采用六个几何临界半楔角表征船体的辐射—绕射波,提出了并行航行两船模的池壁效应判别方法。数值研究表明:不同镜像次数下水池格林函数的数值差异主要体现在距船艏较远处,在兼顾计算精度与效率的原则下可选取有限项级数的水池格林函数作为积分内核,而池壁效应对近距航行两船运动响应的影响主要体现在长波区。     

深潜器耐压结构研究现状及发展趋势（英文）

本文介绍了深海潜水器技术强国在该领域的发展现状及发展趋势。在此基础上,针对深海潜水器耐压结构,分析了选用不同材料耐压结构的优缺点,并重点对复合材料耐压结构的研究现状进行综述。结合第三代深潜器对水动力特性的要求,总结了耐压结构构型的研究现状,提出椭球形的构型设想。最后讨论了深海潜水器耐压结构的发展趋势。