汽车动力总成液压悬置参数试验研究

对汽车动力总成的空气弹簧式液压悬置进行受力分析,建立动力学模型,通过一系列试验获取悬置的参数,并利用它们对动力学模型进行仿真,得到空气弹簧式液压悬置的动态特性,并与试验得到的动态特性做比对。结果表明,空气弹簧式液压悬置仿真与试验的动态特性基本一致,说明所建立的仿真模型是正确的,所获取的液压悬置参数是准确的。     

基于矢量控制的混合动力汽车电机控制器设计

为满足HEV扭矩响应快的要求,本文研究基于转子磁定向的矢量控制算法并建立仿真模型,仿真结果表明,该方法能够获得良好的动态跟随性;然后对控制器的软、硬件进行模块化设计,为实现异步感应电机矢量控制构建平台;同时,采取多种抗干扰及隔振措施使控制器能够适应HEV的工作环境;最后通过电机台架试验验证,所设计的驱动系统具有扭矩响应快、调速范围宽、综合效率高等特性。     

直喷涡轮增压汽油机动态响应特性理想恒速模拟及评价

鉴于在发动机台架上难以实现发动机动态响应特性的直接测评,提出直喷涡轮增压汽油机动态响应特性的理想恒速模拟。基于稳态性能试验,建立发动机热力学模型并将其扩展以适用于瞬变过程模拟;假定平衡发动机动力输出的负载响应时间为零,模拟发动机恒定转速下动力输出随节气门开度的瞬变关系,并在此理想条件下评价发动机的动态响应特性。将该方法运用于评估J、P两型涡轮增压器对1.5T GDI发动机动态响应特性的影响,实现了发动机和增压器的合理匹配。     

轮胎制动力—滑移率特性的动态模型研究

轮胎制动力及滑移率对制动力矩的响应存在着显著的低频衰减振荡现象，这从制动力－滑移率特性曲线上看，表现为一系列的以稳态点为中心的旋涡状过渡曲线。这是稳态的轮胎模型所不能描述的。本文在稳态ｂｒｕｓｈ轮胎模型基础上，通过印迹前端蹼处胎冠一阶变形模型，建立了轮胎制动力－滑移率的动态模型，并根据转鼓试验台上的轮胎制动试验，验证了该模型的仿真效果。     

动力总成半主动悬置动态特性仿真与试验研究

分析了某轿车动力总成半主动悬置的结构及工作原理,应用键合图理论建立了该悬置系统键合图模型和数学模型,并进行了系统动态特性仿真计算。仿真结果与台架试验结果对比表明,悬置在低频段仿真与试验结果具有良好的一致性,验证了采用键合图方法研究悬置低频动态特性的适用性和可信性。该研究可为半主动悬置结构设计及动态特性仿真分析提供参考。     

一体化复合再生制动促动系统的设计与分析

针对电动汽车再生制动和行车制动协调控制的需求,文章提出了一体化制动促动系统的设计方案,详细阐述了其工作原理。在此基础上建立了系统仿真模型,并搭建了台架试验装置,通过仿真分析和台架试验对一体化制动促动系统的液压制动力控制效果进行了对比分析和验证。研究结果表明,所设计的一体化制动促动系统能够实现液压力的准确控制和动态响应。     

基于COSMOSWorks和Simulink的车架动态响应特性分析

采用Solidworks中的COSMOSWorks有限元分析软件对车架进行模态分析,得出了前十阶振型及固有频率。运用1,4车辆振动模型,建立了系统的运动微分方程,并利用Matlab中的Simulink模块对车架的振动情况进行仿真。利用路面谱仿真得到的路面激励信号作为输入,对车架进行动力响应模拟,得到了车架在三种典型路面上的动态响应特性,为车架的结构优化提供了理论依据。     

连续刚构桥动力特性参数识别与有限元模型修正

以东营黄河公路大桥——大跨预应力混凝土连续刚构桥为对象,首先利用ANSYS建立了全桥的三维有限元模型并进行了理论模态分析;并应用频率分解方法(FDD)和特征系统实现算法(ERA)分析了该桥所安装的健康监测系统采集的加速度响应数据,进行了桥梁动力特性参数识别;最后,在所建立的初始有限元模型和识别的实际桥梁动力特性参数的基础上,采用模型修正的方法,得到了该桥修正的有限元模型。研究结果表明,通过该桥监测系统采集的加速度数据可以较好地识别其模态参数,所识别的模态参数可作为结构动力特性修正的依据;修正后的有限元模型能更真实地反映结构的动力特性,模型修正的结果较好地反映了实际桥梁的物理特性。该模型可以作为该桥梁长期健康监测与状态评估的基准模型。     

电喷天然气发动机空燃比闭环控制及仿真研究

建立了用于控制仿真分析的天然气发动机动态模型 ;利用所建立的动态模型 ,进行了天然气发动机空燃比控制的动态仿真 ,分别采用PID控制器和神经网络控制器进行控制 ,并对控制效果进行了研究 ,比较分析了不同的控制策略在空燃比控制系统中的作用。     

车辆混合动力系统的结构分析与动力控制

为了有效的实现行星齿轮机构的动力耦合功能，分析了双动力源与单排行星齿轮机构连接方式的系统效率，提出了实现混合动力汽车多种工作模式的结构方案，建立了行星齿轮机构的动力学模型，针对启动加速这一工况，建立了电机助力的控制策略，基于matlah／simulink建立了仿真模型，基于该模型进行了加速工况动态仿真并获得了良好的控制效果。该分析有助于混合动力汽车的动力匹配与优化控制。     

并联混合动力电动汽车动态协调控制试验研究

针对并联混合动力汽车在发动机和电动机工作过程中,需要根据路况进行能量分配和工作模式切换的问题,以并联混合动力汽车在状态切换过程中总转矩不发生大的波动为控制目标,提出了"转矩预分配+发动机调速+发动机转矩估计+电动机转矩补偿控制"的动态协调控制策略。借助dSPACE快速控制原型工具,搭建了试验台架,进行了稳态切换控制和动态协调切换控制试验。结果表明,在各种状态切换过程中,动态控制算法能有效控制混合动力系统的转矩波动,保证动力传递的平稳性。     

Modeling and control of engine starting for a full hybrid electric vehicle based on system dynamic characteristics

This paper focuses on the dynamic modeling and control of engine starting for a Full Hybrid Electric Vehicle (FHEV) consisting of an Integrated Starter Generator (ISG) and Dual Clutch Transmissions (DCTs). The dynamic characteristics of the engine, the ISG motor and the main clutch are analyzed respectively. The dynamic models of the main components of the powertrain system are also established taking the system dynamic characteristics into consideration. The FHEV dynamic model of engine starting during electric driving mode has been investigated in detail. The coordinated control strategy of engine starting has been proposed based on the powertrain system dynamic characteristics. The simulation for the engine starting control during electric driving mode has been performed based on the Matlab/Simulink platform. The simulation results show that the proposed control strategy satisfies the requirements of response and smoothness during engine starting process. Furthermore, a bench test has been carried out to analyze the system characteristics during engine starting process. The test data is highly agreeable to the simulation data and the effectiveness of engine starting control strategy is validated by the comparison between simulation results and the test data.     

并联式混合动力电动汽车动力总成控制策略的仿真研究

分析了并联式混合动力电动汽车(PHEV)动力总成的构成及主要传递参数,阐述了电力辅助控制策略以及控制逻辑的具体实现,建立了PHEV动力总成各子系统包括发动机、电机和电池等的仿真模型,利用建立的仿真软件进行了控制策略及其控制参数的仿真研究。仿真结果表明,电池特性及发动机运行参数对整车的性能有较大的影响,根据不同的控制要求,调整相应的控制参数值,可以达到改善整车性能的目的。     

并联式混合动力电动汽车动力总成控制器硬件在环仿真

通过对EQ6110并联式混合动力城市客车的动力总成系统结构和控制系统的分析,研制开发了用于并联式混合动力电动汽车(PHEV)的动力总成控制器设计开发的硬件在环仿真系统;详细介绍了动力总成各个部件仿真模型的建立,包括发动机模型、电机模型、动力电池模型以及传动系统模型等;通过Matlab/Simulink的建模,运用dSPACE实时计算系统成功地构建了PHEV多能源动力总成控制器的硬件在环仿真系统;最后进行了PHEV动力总成控制器硬件在环仿真的测试试验研究。     

混合动力电动汽车能量自适应模糊控制研究

为了实现混合动力电动汽车两种能量的最佳分配,确保电机、蓄电池的合理运行,建立了前向并联式混合动力电动汽车动力系统模型,提出了采用自适应模糊控制方法对动力系统进行能量分配,设计了控制器,讨论了自组织控制器的规则自我调整过程。整车循环工况仿真试验表明该控制具有较强的鲁棒性,可使电机、发动机、蓄电池等动力设备工作于最佳工况。     

A comparative study on the power characteristics and control strategies for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles

A comparative study was performed on two types of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs): the GM Volt and the Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid. First, the powertrain models of the two vehicles were derived. Based on the dynamic models, a detailed component control algorithm was developed for each PHEV. Specifically, a control algorithm was proposed for motor generator 1 (MG1) and MG2 to achieve optimal engine operation. Additionally, an energy management strategy for selecting the operation mode was developed from the viewpoint of fuel economy, battery state of charge and vehicle velocity. Using the dynamic model of the control algorithm for each PHEV, simulations were performed, and the simulation results were verified by comparing them with those obtained using the Powertrain System Analysis Toolkit simulator for the plug-in Prius. Based on the simulation results, a comparative study was performed, and it was found that the role and capacity of MG1 and MG2 and the mode selection algorithm must be determined depending on the configuration of the PHEV.     

Control strategy for clutch engagement during mode change of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) has various driving modes used in both internal combustion engine and electric motors. The EV mode uses only an electric motor and the HEV mode uses both an engine and an electric motor. Specifically, when the PHEV of a pre-transmission parallel hybrid structure performs mode changing, its engine clutch is either engaged or disengaged, which is important in terms of ride comfort. In this paper, to enhance the mode changing process for the clutch engagement, a PHEV performance simulator is developed using MATLAB/Simulink based on system dynamics and experiment data. Vehicle driving analysis is carried out of the control logic and properties of the mode changing. A compensated torque is applied during the mode change. This results in the rapid speed synchronization with the clutch although the trade-off relationship of the mode change. In addition, the mode changing is conducted through the transmission shifting process to rapidly synchronize with speed. The control strategy implemented in this study is shown to improve the drivability and energy efficiency of a PHEV.     

基于遗传算法系统效率优化的PHEV电量保持模式控制策略

为了提高插电式混合动力汽车（PHEV）在电量保持下的燃油经济性,并解决插电式混合动力汽车在运行过程中动力元件效率对系统能量利用率影响的问题,制定了系统效率最优的控制策略。以PHEV关键动力部件的测试数据为基础,建立发动机、驱动电机、无级变速器（CVT）以及动力电池等关键部件的效率数值模型,并考虑了温度及荷电状态（SOC）对动力电池充放电功率的影响。设计以混合动力系统效率最优为适应度评价函数,将CVT速比、发动机转矩作为优化变量,以车速、加速度和SOC为状态变量,在动力性指标的约束下,运用遗传算法进行迭代寻优,PHEV的系统效率在第20代左右收敛于全局最优值。同时发动机转矩和CVT速比通过多代遗传进化,较快收敛于最佳值。将相关优化结果与车速、加速度拟合成相应的三维控制数表,综合数值建模和试验测试数据建模的方法,基于MATLAB/Simulink搭建插电式混合动力汽车整车控制策略仿真模型,采用新欧洲行驶循环工况进行仿真验证。结果表明：插电式混合动力汽车在电量保持模式下,利用遗传算法优化的系统效率最优控制策略相比优化前,动力电池SOC运行更为平稳,CVT效率有所提升,驱动电机及发动机转矩分配更为合理;百公里燃油消耗量从优化前的5.2 L降至4.5 L,燃油经济性提升了13.5%。     

Design of an energy management strategy for parallel hybrid electric vehicles using a logic threshold and instantaneous optimization method

A novel parallel hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) configuration consisting of an extra one-way clutch and an automatic mechanical transmission (AMT) is taken as the study subject of this paper. An energy management strategy (EMS) combining a logic threshold approach and an instantaneous optimization algorithm is developed for the investigated PHEV. The objective of this EMS is to achieve acceptable vehicle performance and drivability requirements while simultaneously maximizing engine fuel economy and maintaining the battery state of charge (SOC) in its rational operation range at all times. Under the MATLAB/Simulink environment, a computer simulation model of the studied PHEV is established using the bench test results. Simulation results for the behavior of the engine, motor, and battery illustrate the potential of the proposed control strategy in terms of fuel economy and in keeping the deviations of SOC at a low level.     

Hydraulic control system design for a PHEV considering motor thermal management

In this paper, a design method for a PHEV hydraulic control system was proposed considering motor thermal management. Dynamic models of the target PHEV were developed including the hydraulic system, which consists of one mechanical and one electric oil pump. The required motor cooling flow was designed based on the motor temperature, which was obtained from a one-dimensional thermal equivalent circuit model including the heat source and oil spray cooling. Combining the PHEV powertrain model, hydraulic control system model, and the motor thermal model including the cooling system, an integrated simulator was developed for the target PHEV. Using the integrated simulator, the temperatures of MG1 and MG2 were investigated for various motor cooling flow rates when the PHEV underwent a highway driving cycle. The energy consumption of the hydraulic control system was also evaluated. It was found from the simulation results that a hydraulic control system of the target PHEV could be designed that satisfied the required flow for the motor cooling, lubrication and brake control using the design procedure proposed in this study.