BMS中传感器的应用与技术发展趋势

概述了 BMS与传感器技术的基本功能与作用,详细介绍了电压传感器、电流传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器、位置传感器的材料、结构、连接电路以及在BMS中的应用,最后重点阐述了 BMS中传感器技术发展趋势.     

混装空燃比传感器和氧传感器的必要性及检测

通过阐述双氧传感器对催化转换器转换效率的监测作用及氧传感器的缺点,提出了车辆混装空燃比传感器和氧传感器的必要性,介绍了空燃比传感器的工作原理和信号特征,并以实例说明了车用混装空燃比传感器和氧传感器的检测方法.     

用于轮胎-路面摩擦状态识别的胎内传感技术研究

介绍了目前几种轮胎胎内传感器(表面声波传感器、超声波传感器、光学传感器、胎侧扭转传感器、加速度传感器、PVDF传感器)的技术原理,分析了各种传感器的优缺点,并论述了胎内传感器的数据传输与供电的技术进展.由此指出,目前的胎内传感器已可以实现轮胎胎内变形和加速度信息的实时动态监测.可为底盘综合控制提供更准确的轮胎-路面摩擦系数信息.     

捷达王轿车氧传感器的结构、工作原理与故障分析

捷达王轿车AHP发动机采用氧化锆式氧传感器。介绍了该传感器的结构和工作原理,论述了氧传感器中毒损坏和使用操作不当对氧传感器造成的损坏,详细说明了自诊断故障信息的检测以及氧传感器和氧传感器加热器的检查诊断方法。列举了3个故障检修实例。     

大众DSG传感器解析

<正>大众02E直接换挡变速器(DSG)使用了变速器输入转速传感器、输入轴转速传感器、变速器输出转速传感器、液压压力传感器、多片式离合器油温传感器、变速器油温传感器和控制单元温度传感器、挡位调节位移传感器、换挡杆传感器控制单元等传感器,这些传感器为变速器控制单元精确提供信号。变速器输入转速传感器变速器输入转速传感器G 182安装在变速器壳体内,如图1所示。该传感器扫描双离合器的外侧,并采集变速器输入转速。变速器输入转速与发动机转速相同,按照霍尔     

基于CAN总线的ESP用组合传感器的设计与开发

组合传感器是汽车ESP（汽车电子稳定程序）控制系统的关键部件,本文自主设计了一种由双轴加速度传感器ADXL203,横摆角速度传感器ADXRS613、单片机MC9S08DZ16MLC,光耦6N137、CAN收发器TJA1050等芯片组成的ESP用集成式多轴传感器。具体介绍了该组合传感器的工作原理,并根据ESP用组合传感器在某轻客实验车上多次实验的结果,从硬件和软件两个方面分析了由加速度传感器ADXL203,横摆角速度传感器ADXRS613、单片机MC9S08DZ16MLC等组成的ESP用多轴组合传感器的设计要点。另外该传感器也可以应用在车辆动力学性能的测试及底盘控制系统中,并已进行了专利申请。     

霍尔传感器在湿式DCT上的应用与研究

阐述霍尔传感器的霍尔效应原理和霍尔传感器在湿式DCT的工作原理,分析霍尔转速传感器和霍尔位置传感器在湿式DCT上的布置方式和测试方式,以及霍尔转速传感器转向测试方法,并介绍了霍尔传感器与自动变速器控制单元(TCU)的匹配与应用,重点说明了霍尔传感器输出信号处理方式,以及传感器和TCU之间的硬件接口电路匹配方式。     

MEMS传感器在汽车行业的应用现状综述

随着汽车电子的微型化和智能化发展,传感器为汽车驾驶提供越来越好的体验。本文通过研究目前各种汽车传感器在各种应用中的进展,重点分析了MEMS传感器,如位置、速度、温度、质量气流传感器和惯性传感器以及传统的温度和压力传感器,并阐述它们在汽车上的典型应用。     

电控发动机空气流量传感器的故障检测

传感器是现代汽车的感觉器官,现代汽车有很大一部分故障是由于传感器故障所致。因此传感器的正确检测至关重要,本文对现代电控发动机空气流量传感器的检测方法进行了阐述。     

汽车电子技术中传感器的应用探究

传感器是汽车电子技术领域的绝对核心,随着科学技术的飞速发展,汽车所使用的传感器已高达数百个,各类传感器的组合应用,极大促进了现代汽车电子技术的进步与改革.本文将以传感器在汽车电子技术中发挥的主要作用,以及汽车电子技术发展新常态下对传感器所提出的全新要求为切入点,针对当前车用传感器的主要类型以及传感器在不同位置的具体应用...     

Dynamic analysis of a pantograph-catenary system using absolute nodal coordinates

The dynamic interaction between the catenary and the pantographs of high-speed trains is a very important factor that affects the stable electric power supply. In order to design a reliable current collection system, a multibody simulation model can provide an efficient and economical method to analyze the dynamic behavior of the catenary and pantograph. In this article, a dynamic analysis method for a pantograph-catenary system for a high-speed train is presented, employing absolute nodal coordinates and rigid body reference coordinates. The highly flexible catenary is modeled using a nonlinear continuous beam element, which is based on an absolute nodal coordinate formulation. The pantograph is modeled as a rigid multibody system. The analysis results are compared with experimental data obtained from a running high-speed train. In addition, using a derived system equation of motion, the calculation method for the dynamic stress in the catenary conductor is presented. This study may have significance in providing an example that a structural and multibody dynamics model can be unified into one numerical system.     

基于频率法的索力测量系统

为了在工程现场快速方便地检测斜拉桥的拉索索力,依据随机振动法索力检测原理,开发了一种新型的索力测量系统。通过对随机振动法索力检测方法的概述,介绍了该系统的性能、硬件结构和软件模块,并重点阐述了通过数字滤波抑制快速傅里叶分析(FFT)的混频现象、自动扫描确定主振频率和提高索力计算精度的方法和措施。索力测量系统以AT89C55WD单片机(SCM)为平台,集成了电荷放大器、信号分析仪和计算器的相关功能。在工程现场,只需输入少量参数,拉索振动信号采集、信号的快速傅里叶分析和对应的索力计算即可在线自动完成。     

A vehicle type-based approach to model car following behaviors in simulation programs (case study: Car-motorcycle following behavior)

Traffic simulation models often neglect the important role of motorcycles and assume a flow of various combinations of cars. This paper addresses how much different would be the behavior of a car driver while following a motorcyclist compared to cases in which a car follows another car, along with a segment of an urban highway in the non-congested flow. Recognition of such a difference might help to develop existing simulation models and to improve the behavior of car drivers in such a way to lead to lower accidents with motorcycles. To reach the goal, a GHR (Gazis-Herman-Rothery) model for car following is applied and data have been collected by video cameras during 15?min time intervals in three different days. Analysis of 198 car-motorcycle and 374 car-car following observations has indicated that when a car driver follows a motorcycle, keeps a higher headway (about 10?m in the low speed) with a lower acceleration/deceleration in comparison with the situation in which car driver follow another one. It means that the behavior of the follower car driver would be more cautious compared to situations in which a car driver follows another one, especially in space headways <10?m. In addition to main findings of the paper for developing a more realistic simulation program, the paper also addresses that in cases when the required safe space between a car and a motorcycle would be endangered, a warning message could be generated for the car driver (by implementing an in-veh ITS technology) to warn driver about keeping a safe distance.     

面向交通枢纽的车辆三维真实感实时仿真

为分析和解决城市交通拥挤问题并提高城市道路利用率提供可行的途径,提出了一种面向交通枢纽的车辆运行仿真方法,通过场景、道路与车辆的三维动态建模,实现交通枢纽交通状况的实时真实感仿真.首先,提出了基于道路关键点连接网络模型表示交通枢纽的通行道路.其次,基于粒子系统实现车辆的动态运行实时仿真,并采用基于空间剖分的车辆碰撞检测方法对车辆运动控制算法进行了优化.最终,通过对路段的动态观测和反馈机制实现车辆行驶路线的规划和调度.实验结果表明,本文提出的方法可以生动直观地呈现实际路面的交通状况,并且能以较为流畅的帧速率实现交通场景的动态仿真.     

A study on a dynamic model of a vehicle simulator with 6 DOF for the Korean tilting train

This article presents a dynamic model of a railway vehicle for the development of a 6-DOF (degrees of freedom) tilting-train simulator. It will be used to verify the tilting-electronics and tilting-control algorithm that are to be applied to the Korean tilting train. It is composed of 6 electrically driven actuators, a track generation system, a graphic user interface, and a visualization system with a 1600-mm-diameter dome screen. Each system shares the data by means of Ethernet network in real time. In this study, a train model of 9-DOF with a force generation system to tilt the train body has been used. Dynamic analysis for the straight track running and curve negotiation of a railway vehicle can be performed in the model. A verification study for the application of the model to the simulator has been conducted on curving tracks with different radii.     

考虑溶洞空间形态的路基岩溶顶板稳定性分析方法

岩溶路基随岩溶地区交通工程建设的快速发展而越来越普遍,如何评价岩溶路基稳定性成为岩溶区路基设计与施工的关键问题之一。针对目前路基岩溶顶板稳定性分析的不完善性,考虑溶洞形成过程中岩溶顶板所具有的空间形态特征,首先,将路基下伏岩溶顶板简化为固支梁、抛物线拱、圆拱与固支双向板等承载模型,以此进行路基岩溶顶板稳定性分析,并采用结构力学分析理论分别建立不同模型的路基岩溶顶板抗弯最小安全厚度计算方法;其次,通过典型案例的影响因素敏感性分析,揭示岩溶顶板最小安全厚度随溶洞顶板矢高、跨度、岩石抗拉强度与上覆荷载的变化规律,探讨路基岩溶顶板破坏模式的控制性因素及其影响规律,确定岩溶路基稳定性分析的基本原则;然后,基于岩溶地区地质勘察信息提出路基岩溶顶板稳定性分析过程,建立考虑溶洞空间形态特征的路基岩溶顶板稳定性分析方法;最后,通过工程实例计算分析验证所提方法确定的路基岩溶顶板稳定性评价结果的合理性与有效性。研究结果表明：岩溶顶板按何种模式破坏不仅与破坏形式有关,还与溶洞形态及其矢高密切相关,石灰岩抗拉强度同样影响较大,工程设计与稳定性评价时应基于勘测数据分析各种破坏模式,以便使设计或评价结果更接近实际情况。     

Real-time implementation of a traction control algorithm on a scaled roller rig

Traction control is a very important aspect in railway vehicle dynamics. Its optimisation allows improvement of the performance of a locomotive by working close to the limit of adhesion. On the other hand, in case the adhesion limit is surpassed, the wheels are subjected to heavy wear and there is also a big risk that vibrations in the traction occur. Similar considerations can be made in the case of braking. The development and optimisation of a traction/braking control algorithm is a complex activity, because it is usually performed on a real vehicle on the track, where many uncertainties are present due to environmental conditions and vehicle characteristics. This work shows the use of a scaled roller rig to develop and optimise a traction control algorithm on a single wheelset. Measurements performed on the wheelset are used to estimate the optimal adhesion forces by means of a wheel/rail contact algorithm executed in real time. This allows application of the optimal adhesion force.     

Multiphysic modelling of railway vehicles equipped with pneumatic suspensions

This article presents a multidisciplinary approach of railway pneumatic suspension modelling: both multibody and pneumatic aspects are taken into account. The work aims at obtaining a realistic model of the secondary suspension and coupling it with a multibody model of a train. Various components of the pneumatic circuit such as bellows, tanks, pipes and valves are taken into account. The article focuses on the bellow-pipe-tank subsystem for which several modelling approaches are presented and compared. Differences between differential and algebraic models are highlighted, and an application-dependent choice between them is suggested. A complete model of the pneumatic circuit is then obtained and coupled with a multibody model of the train. As a result, the behaviour of a suburban train equipped with a pneumatic secondary suspension is analysed, in particular undesired oscillating motions which affect the comfort. Topological modifications and improvements of the suspension are also investigated and discussed.     

Theoretical method for predicting the weight reduction rate of a box-type car body for rolling stock by material substitution design

In this paper, a theoretical approach is suggested for predicting the structural performances and weight reduction rate of a car body with a box-type section when its material is substituted with a lightweight material for weight saving. For the material substitution design of a car body for rolling stock, bending, axial, and twisting deformations should be considered at constant stiffness and strength conditions. To compare the weight reduction effects on different material applications, some new indices were derived from a structural performance point of view. The derived indices provide good measures to estimate weight reduction by material substitution design and can be effectively applied to the conceptual design of a car body.     

Energy-harvesting potential of automobile suspension

This study is aimed quantify dissipated power in a damper of automobile suspension to predict energy harvesting potential of a passenger car more accurately. Field measurements of power dissipation in a regenerative damper are still rare. The novelty is in using the broad database of real road profiles, a 9 degrees-of-freedom full-car model with real parameters, and a tyre-enveloping contact model. Results were presented as a function of road surface type, velocity and road roughness characterised by International Roughness Index. Results were calculated for 1600 test sections of a total length about 253.5?km. Root mean square of a dissipated power was calculated from 19 to 46?W for all four suspension dampers and velocity 60?km/h and from 24 to 58?W for velocity 90?km/h. Results were compared for a full-car model with a tyre-enveloping road contact, full-car and quarter-car models with a tyre–road point contact. Mean difference among three models in calculated power was a few per cent.