非稳态条件下轮胎结构参数对侧向力与回正力矩的影响

通过非稳态条件下小幅运动（即假设印迹内无滑移发生）时的轮胎侧偏特性在空间域内的仿真，分析了轮胎结构对侧向力与回正力矩的影响，并介绍了非稳态条件下轮胎侧偏特性的仿真表达式及纯转向运动时的仿真数值算法。     

基于LuGre模型的轮胎原地转向模型

基于LuGre摩擦模型的轮胎原地转向模型可表达不同轮胎刚度和载荷、不同输入频率、不同摩擦特性等工况下的回正力矩随转动角的变化关系,适于进行轮胎模型相关实时仿真运算及控制系统研究.讨论了该模型的建立过程和模型参数对轮胎转向特性的影响,进行了参数的辨识及模型仿真计算与试验结果的对比,结果表明二者有较好的一致性.     

Magic Formula轮胎模型动力学性能研究

进一步研究Magic Formula轮胎模型的动力学性能。在Adams软件中建立Magic Formula轮胎模型,并进行纯制动、纯转向和制动转向联合三种工况下的仿真。仿真得到纵向力与纵向滑移率、侧向力与侧偏角、侧向力与纵向力和回正力矩与滑移率等关系曲线,并进行分析。结果表明,Adams软件完成了Magic Formula轮胎模型多种工况下的仿真工作,Magic Formula轮胎模型可以较好地模拟轮胎动力学特性。     

分布驱动轮式车辆差动转向动力学特性研究

针对现有轮式车辆差动转向理论中未考虑胎体扭转特性和稳态差动转向动力学特性的问题,结合分布驱动轮式车辆结构特点,进行基于轮胎扭转和侧偏特性的轮式车辆差动转向动力学特性研究。通过建立单轴和双轴分布驱动轮式车辆动力学模型,分析轮胎与路面相互作用机理和稳态差动转向形成过程;讨论胎体扭转和横向变形引起的车轮回正力矩与侧偏力、侧向外力和车辆结构尺寸等对车辆稳态差动转向过程的影响。结果显示,轮胎扭转迟滞及其产生的回正力矩对稳态差动转向影响较大;双轴轮式车辆差动转向过程为侧偏与侧滑的耦合作用,其差动转向的必要条件为轮距大于轴距。     

轮胎非稳态侧偏特性的空间域内的仿真研究

本文根据胎体复杂变形的轮胎非稳态侧偏特性理论模型在空间域肉的表达式，推导出侧向力和回正力矩关于转动角与侧向位移的积分表达式，将其离散化并实现了非稳态侧偏特性在空间域内的仿真，最后给出了轮胎在几种典型输入时的仿真结果。     

轮胎非稳态侧偏特性在空间域内的仿真研究

本文根据胎体复杂变形的轮胎非稳态侧偏特性理论模型在空间域内的表达式,推导出侧向力和回正力矩关于转动角与侧向位移的积分表达式,将其离散化并实现了非稳态侧偏特性在空间域内的仿真,最后给出了轮胎在几种典型输入时的仿真结果。     

利用试验模态参数建立轮胎非稳态侧偏模型

在对轮胎垂直特性和稳态侧偏特性建模的基础上，利用由轮胎模态试验提取的试验模态参数建立了轮胎非稳态侧偏模型，该模型考虑了印迹的动态变形和胎宽的影响，对印迹进行离散化并初步计入了速度对非稳态性的影响，推导出侧向力和回正力矩关于侧向位移和摆动角的传递函数的解析公式，可以计算不同载荷下的非稳态特性，计算结果与文献中的试验结果相符，建模和计算结果说明利用试验模态参数可以方便地建立轮胎的非稳态特性，计算结果与     

轮胎滚动速度对车辆侧偏特性的影响

考虑滚动速度对印迹内压力分布及轮胎与路面间摩擦系数的影响,建立了考虑胎体复杂变形的轮胎稳态侧偏理论模型.仿真分析了滚动速度对轮胎侧偏侧向力及回正力矩特性的影响,并对轮胎高,低速特性的差异给出了解释.指出,建立具有合理速度预测能力半经验模型时,应考虑对滚动速度的影响.     

商用车电液耦合转向系统主动回正控制研究

针对装有传统液压助力转向系统的商用车在回正过程中存在低速回正不足或高速回正过度的问题,综合考虑载荷转移、路面条件和轮胎非线性等对回正工况的影响,基于电液耦合转向系统,设计一种车辆质心侧偏角和横摆角速度联合控制的非线性滑模控制器。针对控制算法部分状态量难以获取和影响车辆回正稳定性的路面附着系数难以直接测量的问题,利用UKF观测器为滑模控制器动态估计车辆状态信息和路面附着系数,并将质心侧偏角的观测值和横摆角速度与其期望值之差作为控制系统输入,来求取回正控制所需的转角修正量。最后通过TruckSim、Matlab/Simulink和转向试验台架对不同工况下的转向回正性能进行仿真和台架试验,结果表明,所提出的主动回正控制策略可有效提高转向盘回正的稳定性和控制精准性。     

汽车的力学参数与稳态转向特性

本文以汽车力学参数试验台测出的数据为基础，为通过建立轮胎侧偏角，车厢侧倾角，回正力矩与侧向加速度之间的关系，运用最小二乘法对测试数据进行线性曲线拟合，找出了这些数据与汽车记转向特性之间的关系，并按国家标准ＧＢ／Ｔ３０４７－９１中的有关规定对被测试车辆的稳态转向特性进行了评价 。     

Two-Dimensional Contact Area of a Pneumatic Tire Subjected to a Lateral Force

A mathematical model of a two-dimensional contact patch of pneumatic tires rolling over a rigid flat road surface at arbitrary slip and camber angles has been developed. The model is simple in concept, contains few parameters and is applicable to any tire simulation models. In addition to tire geometric parameters and vertical deflection, the carcass camber angle is introduced in the model. This angle is alone responsible for the asymmetric shape of the tire contact patch when the tire undergoes a lateral force. The computed contact patches agree well with the measured patches of an automotive tire at different slip and camber angles. Lastly, the influence of the contact patch geometry on the tire cornering and aligning properties has been discussed through a computational example. It has been shown that the effect of tire contact patch geometry on the steady state behavior is rather remarkable.     

轮胎滚动速度效应对轮胎侧偏动特性的影响

在利用试验模态参数建立轮胎侧偏非稳态模型基础上，本文重点分析了轮胎滚动速度效应对侧偏动特性的影响。解析模型计算结构的变化趋势和文献的试验研究结果一致。表明计入轮胎滚动所带来的速度对侧偏动特性的影响是不可忽略的，它会对不同速度下行驶汽车的操稳性及横向振动产生影响。滚动速度效应对轮胎侧偏特性影响的成功建械表明了利用模态参数对轮胎建模的优越性。     

Study on Tire Dynamic Cornering Properties Using Experimental Modal Parameters

Based on the modeling of tire vertical characteristics and steady cornering properties, the model of tire nonsteady cornering is established in this paper using tire modal parameters extracted experimentally. In order to consider the influence of tire rolling effect on its cornering properties, the induced transfer function is introduced. The analytical formulae for calculation of transfer-function of lateral force and self-aligning torque with respect to lateral displacement and yaw angle are derived. The nonsteady cornering characteristics of tire under different loads can be calculated. The results of calculation are consistent with the experimental ones in the literature. The influence of rolling speed on tire cornering properties including the static case is analyzed. The nonsteady cornering properties in high frequency range are given by the model. The study demonstrates the consistency between steady and nonsteady tire modeling by using modal parameters.     

Study on Tire Dynamic Cornering Properties Using Experimental Modal Parameters

Based on the modeling of tire vertical characteristics and steady cornering properties, the model of tire nonsteady cornering is established in this paper using tire modal parameters extracted experimentally. In order to consider the influence of tire rolling effect on its cornering properties, the induced transfer function is introduced. The analytical formulae for calculation of transfer-function of lateral force and self-aligning torque with respect to lateral displacement and yaw angle are derived. The nonsteady cornering characteristics of tire under different loads can be calculated. The results of calculation are consistent with the experimental ones in the literature. The influence of rolling speed on tire cornering properties including the static case is analyzed. The nonsteady cornering properties in high frequency range are given by the model. The study demonstrates the consistency between steady and nonsteady tire modeling by using modal parameters.     

Establishment of Model for Tire Steady State Cornering Properties using Experimental Modal Parameters

Modeling of tire cornering properties using experimental modal parameters is studied. With tire lateral experimental modal parameters, the distribution of side force and lateral deformation under total adhesive and sliding conditions are obtained. Side force, self-aligning, cornering stiffness and relaxation length under different loads and friction coefficients are also calculated. The calculated results are in correspondence to experimental results in the references qualitatively. The non-dimensional side force obtained from the calculated results is compared with the Fiala model, its modified expression by experiments and also the widely used empirical Magic Formula model. The calculated results tally well with the fitted results obtained using Magic Formula model. It can be seen that the tire steady state cornering model using experimental modal parameters proposed in this paper is better for an in-depth study of tire natural characteristics, and the labored experimental work can be avoided.     

Establishment of Model for Tire Steady State Cornering Properties using Experimental Modal Parameters

Modeling of tire cornering properties using experimental modal parameters is studied. With tire lateral experimental modal parameters, the distribution of side force and lateral deformation under total adhesive and sliding conditions are obtained. Side force, self-aligning, cornering stiffness and relaxation length under different loads and friction coefficients are also calculated. The calculated results are in correspondence to experimental results in the references qualitatively. The non-dimensional side force obtained from the calculated results is compared with the Fiala model, its modified expression by experiments and also the widely used empirical Magic Formula model. The calculated results tally well with the fitted results obtained using Magic Formula model. It can be seen that the tire steady state cornering model using experimental modal parameters proposed in this paper is better for an in-depth study of tire natural characteristics, and the labored experimental work can be avoided.     

双横臂独立悬架的前轮主销内倾角算法研究

针对前桥为双横臂独立悬架汽车，基于轮胎侧偏特性和计及外倾角的影响，建立前轮转向后回正力矩数学模型，根据转向轮回正力矩与回正阻力力矩平衡方程式，推导其前轮主销内倾角的算法。用样车做实例计算与试验，验证其正确性，为前轮定位参数中主销内倾角的设计提供理论参考。     

轮胎附着极限下差动制动对汽车横摆力矩的影响

本文以纵滑－侧偏联合工况的稳态轮胎模型为基础，分析了汽车极限转向条件下制动作用于不同车轮时对汽车横摆力矩的影响，并通过整车动力学仿真进行了验证，研究结果为利用差动制动控制提高汽车的高速操纵稳定性提供了动力学依据。