曲面分段车间作业排程仿真优化

曲面分段建造是船舶建造过程的重要环节之一。由于曲面分段结构差异较大、工艺流程复杂、多采用固定胎位建造等特点,对于平衡分段建造、提升造船效率具有重要影响。针对曲面分段建造特点,船厂会结合船坞搭载节点制定胎位执行计划表。本文根据某船厂曲面车间胎位执行计划表,制定初始静态胎位作业计划,采用虚拟仿真技术,建立三条固定胎位虚拟流水线,结合启发式算法进行胎位计划排程,减少最大完工时间,得到较合理的胎位作业计划表,验证了启发式优化算法排程的可行性和有效性 。     

仿真技术在船舶分段建造计划中的应用研究

利用Quest软件建立了船舶分段建造流程的三维仿真模型,以某船厂的分段建造先行中日程计划驱动仿真模型运行,选取生产节拍的均衡性、场地占用率以及计划完成情况作为系统评价指标,验证该计划的合理性,实现了分段建造计划的仿真与优化,研究表明仿真技术为精益造船模式下的船舶生产计划的合理性制定提供了量化判断依据和技术支撑。     

三维测量数据的钢结构虚拟装配过程仿真系统(英文)

The virtual erection simulation system was explained for a steel structure including ship and ocean plant blocks.The simulation system predicted the erection state to optimize any gap or overlap of blocks based on 3-D measurement data.The blocks were modified(cut) on the basis of the simulation result on the ground before erecting them by crane.The re-cutting process was not required and the blocks were erected into a mother ship speedily.Therefore,the erection time is reduced,increasing the dock turnover.     

造船巨擘叶在馥

叶在馥(1888-1957),是我国著名的船舶设计专家和船舶学教育家,曾长期任职于江南造船所、交通大学。1926~1937年他在江南造船所设计制造船舶、舰艇500余艘。抗日战争期间,他设计建成大批优良的川江轮船。1943年创立了上海交通大学造船系,他担任第一任系主任。本文简要回顾了叶在馥对中国船舶工业作出的杰出贡献。     

基于虚拟仿真技术的船体分段制造计划管理研究

为使编制的计划具有良好的可执行性,利用虚拟仿真技术建模和优化,对编制的计划作出预测评估和可行性分析。通过Plant simulation仿真工具,参照车间实际布局,从车间层到单元设备,逐层次建模,根据设计输出BOM所确定的中间产品物量及工艺流向,结合场地资源、设备资源和劳动力资源等约束条件,把船厂生产信息完整的映射到仿真平台。通过仿真所得到的可视化分析结果,利用GA遗传算法优化仿真结果,评价计划编制的合理性和可执行,为计划编制提供基于可动态实时调整的参考方案。     

利用AM二次开发快速生成船体套料图

AM软件是当今船舶设计中使用最广泛的软件。船体分段套料是船体生产设计的重要环节,套料图是套料工作的重要设计输出之一。为方便船舶建造生产,每个船厂对套料图的格式都有一套自己的规范要求,一般与AM软件输出的格式有出入,这就需要对软件输出进行手工调整,工作量很大。为减轻设计压力,用软件开发手段自动化处理图面成为优先选择。本文对其进行了具体的研究。     

基于TSV-BLS的虚拟上层建筑总段吊装分析

上层建筑总段吊装是船舶建造过程中的重要环节,直接影响船厂的建造周期。为保证吊装顺利进行,通常应计算起吊过程中结构变形和应力变化是否满足要求。文章以38 500 t散货船上层建筑总段整吊为例,应用TSV-BLS软件进行建模,模拟其动态起吊过程,分析结构应变和应力,根据计算结果进行优化处理,提高吊装安全系数,保证总段吊装的顺利进行。     

某干货船修船期间火灾事故调查及原因分析

船舶在厂修理期间,修船协议通常要求船厂承担船舶防火责任。尽管各个船厂都有相应的防火措施,但在船舶修理期间,火灾事故仍时有发生。文章通过对一起修船期间发生的火灾事故进行调查和分析,确定起火原因并提出船厂在修船期间应该注意的部分因素。     

13500t散货船气囊下水的力学计算

以13500t散货船气囊下水为研究对象,介绍了气囊下水工艺的力学计算模型并进行相应的力学计算,计算结果表明,提出的下水方案合理可行,气囊的数量和布置满足力学要求。     

Optimal scheduling of block lifting in consideration of the minimization of traveling distance while unloaded and wire and shackle replacement of a gantry crane

Nowadays, shipyards are making every effort to efficiently manage their resources such as gantry cranes, transporters, and block stock yards. The scheduling of block lifting for a gantry crane has been manually performed by an expert shipyard manager for many years. Such a practice, however, can lead to an undesirably long time to produce scheduling plans. In addition, the quality of the scheduling plans may not be optimal. To improve the overall process, a block lifting scheduling system for a gantry crane was developed in this study by using optimization techniques. A block lifting scheduling problem was first formulated as a multiobjective optimization problem. For a gantry crane, minimization of the traveling distance while unloaded and wire and shackle replacement between block lifting was considered. An optimization algorithm based on the genetic algorithm was then proposed and implemented so as to solve the problem. To evaluate the efficiency and applicability of the developed system, the system was applied to an actual block lifting scheduling problem in a shipyard. Compared to results achieved by manual scheduling by an expert manager, the results of this work show that blocks can be more efficiently lifted by a gantry crane when the developed system is applied.     

海损散货船艏部舱室型线测量

海损船舶修理是修船企业重要的产值及利润增长点,而船舶首部是易海损区域,修复海损重要依据是型线图及型值表,由于很多海损船没有保存型线图或型值表,给修理工作带来不便.针对这种情况,文章结合散货船的艏部货舱特点,介绍艏部货舱型线测量的方法.     

采用遗传算法进行球鼻艏优化的流体动力计算(英文)

Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) plays a major role in predicting the flow behavior of a ship.With the development of fast computers and robust CFD software,CFD has become an important tool for designers and engineers in the ship industry.In this paper,the hull form of a ship was optimized for total resistance using CFD as a calculation tool and a genetic algorithm as an optimization tool.CFD based optimization consists of major steps involving automatic generation of geometry based on design parameters,automatic generation of mesh,automatic analysis of fluid flow to calculate the required objective/cost function,and finally an optimization tool to evaluate the cost for optimization.In this paper,integration of a genetic algorithm program,written in MATLAB,was carried out with the geometry and meshing software GAMBIT and CFD analysis software FLUENT.Different geometries of additive bulbous bow were incorporated in the original hull based on design parameters.These design variables were optimized to achieve a minimum cost function of "total resistance".Integration of a genetic algorithm with CFD tools proves to be effective for hull form optimization.     

基于AM的船舶开孔管理辅助系统设计

为提高船舶开孔管理能力，针对AVEVA Marine（AM）软件开孔管理模块功能，根据船厂设计实际生产业务需求，制定开孔协同流程，设计开孔协同规则数据库。结合AM软件的二次开发能力，开发船舶开孔管理辅助系统。以管系为例，将该系统与AM软件开孔管理功能进行对比，验证该系统在船舶开孔管理方面的可行性。     

Multi-objective topology and size optimization of high-speed vehicle-passenger catamaran structure by genetic algorithm

Ship structural design has become recently an ever more important and difficult task, because it should always take into account several estimation criteria which are a crucial element of shipyard management, as the hull structural strength is one of the most important factors of overall ship safety, and the total cost of structural materials used for the construction of a ship is a significant part of her total construction cost. Simultaneously, a complete definition of the optimal structural design requires a formulation of size-topology-shape-material optimization task unifying the optimization problems from these four areas and giving an effective solution of this problem. So far, a significant progress towards a solution of this problem has not been achieved. An objective of the underlying paper was to develop an evolutionary algorithm for multi-objective optimization of both topology and scantlings of structural elements of large spatial sections of ships. In the paper an evolutionary algorithm where selection takes place based on the scalar objective function is proposed and applied to solve the problem of structural elements weight and cleaned and painted surface area on a high-speed vehicle-passenger catamaran structure with several design variables, such as plate thickness, scantlings of longitudinal stiffeners and transverse frames, and spacing between longitudinal and transversal members. The results of numerical experiments with the use of the developed algorithm are presented. They show that the proposed genetic algorithm can be an efficient multi-objective optimization tool for simultaneous design of the topology and sizing of ship structures.     

面向船坞总组场地的分段调度管理技术研究

总组场地分段调度管理系统以资源、任务为核心,以生产计划为驱动,以信息系统为支撑,借助虚拟仿真技术,建立分段调度优化仿真分析模型,提前策划生成较优的总组场地分段布局方案和龙门吊装方案,实现船厂总组搭载阶段的均衡、高效生产,提升船厂信息化管理水平。     

2400TEU集装箱船上建整段吊装有限元强度分析与验证

以出口德国的2400TEU集装箱船上层建筑整段起吊时出现的裂纹和变形为研究对象,利用MSC.Patran软件分析了其在自重作用下的结构响应,通过与现场图片对照和分析,验证了理论计算与实际吊装中结构响应的一致性,并成功地实施上层建筑整段吊装。通过有限元分析结论,指导船舶大型上层建筑吊装方案的设计与优化,对结构不对称上层建筑,考虑其局部强度并进行合理有效加强必要性,同时也验证有限元方法在大型上层建筑吊装中计算结构响应的可靠性。     

修船码头移泊调度系统研究

文章针对修船厂码头泊位计划调度安排进行分析,对智能移泊调度系统进行定义,实现人工调度与智能调度的结合,为企业船舶调度管理提供了计算机辅助决策功能。     

A simulation optimization approach for solving the dual-cycling problem in container terminals

Dual cycling is an operation technique whereby quay cranes perform loading and unloading operations simultaneously in the same ship bay. In this article, a mixed-integer programming model for quay crane dual-cycling scheduling is developed. The model considers the stowage plan of outbound containers and the operation sequence of quay cranes. To solve the model, a heuristic method, called bi-level genetic algorithm, is designed. Meanwhile, a simulation optimization method integrating the intelligent decision mechanism of the optimization algorithm and evaluation function of simulation model is proposed. Numerical experiments indicate that dual cycling can reduce the operation time of quay cranes compared to the method of scheduling loading and unloading separately. Moreover, the model and algorithms developed in this article can tackle quay crane dual-cycling problem efficiently.     

面向协同设计的船舶电缆智能化布置软件开发与应用

结合船厂电缆设计业务流程,以船舶电缆布置为研究对象,提出在SPD设计系统平台上开发船舶电缆智能化布置软件,分析电缆布置软件的架构和功能模块,研究电缆路径智能化生成的关键技术,建立船舶电缆智能化布置的数学模型及求解方法,并完成船舶电缆智能化布置软件的开发工作。以公司14500TEU集装箱船的机舱区域电缆智能化布置为例进行验证,验证结果表明,该软件平台能够实现船舶电缆智能化布置的工程化应用,使电缆设计过程中数据更加透明、管理更加方便,提高了电缆设计的效率。     

基于全参数化建模的高速客船型线优化设计

以某型高速客船为研究对象.采用CAESES FRIENDSHIP-Framework软件进行全参数化建模,对初始模型采用SHIPFLOW软件进行兴波阻力计算,将计算结果与船模试验结果进行对比,以验证计算的可靠性.采用Sobol算法进行特征参数的灵敏度计算,以有效降低设计空间维数,提高计算效率.建立多航速优化模型,完成船...