基于固有应变的海洋平台典型结构焊接变形预测

应用热弹塑性有限元分析和弹性有限元法,对半潜式起重拆解平台中连接平台和浮体的典型结构进行焊接变形的预测。通过对焊接接头的预测分析,得到其固有应变,再将计算得到的固有变形以载荷的形式加载到整个结构中,得到整个结构的焊接变形。通过对3种焊接顺序的比较,得到焊接变形最小的方案。在此基础上,考虑开口对结构焊接变形的影响。研究结果将对半潜式起重拆解平台特殊结构的焊接工艺优化提供理论支撑和数据支持。     

基于弹性有限元分析的船体结构焊接变形研究

  目的  半潜式起重拆解平台的分段焊接变形直接影响着整个平台的尺寸精度和建造周期。  方法  为此,以典型的B514分段为研究对象,首先预测其焊接面外变形的趋势及数值,分析反变形施加以及焊接顺序优化的影响,提升分段结构的建造精度;然后,依据焊接规范梳理平台结构的主要接头类型及焊接工艺,并通过高效的热−弹−塑性有限元分析,研究典型接头的热−力学响应,获得对应的焊接固有变形;最后,将焊接固有变形作为力学载荷,通过弹性有限元计算,预测B514分段的整体建造精度,同时研究施加反变形和不同焊接顺序对分段建造精度的影响。  结果  基于固有变形的弹性有限元分析,所预测的面外变形与实际测量结果基本吻合,给出了面外变形的产生机理。  结论  通过高效的有限元分析,可以获得并构建焊接固有变形数据库,从而用于复杂分段结构的焊接变形预测,并且施加反变形和焊接顺序优化能有效降低焊接面外变形。     

船体分段焊接变形仿真

船体分段在焊接过程中产生的焊接变形会使船体结构强度降低,然而精确预测和控制焊接变形是个难题.文章提供了准确预测焊接变形的固有应变等效载荷法.这种方法运用有限元法结合固有应变理论以及实验结果对焊接变形进行分析:引入简化的弹-塑性分析杆-弹簧模型,通过分析得到固有应变受焊接区域约束度及最高温度分布情况的影响;将固有应变转化为等效载荷,应用弹性有限元分析求得整个结构的焊接变形.计算结果与LEECH计算及实验结果吻合较好.     

基于GTN损伤模型的Q690钢及其对接接头断裂性能评估

[目的]Q690高强度钢作为半潜式起重拆解平台的特殊部位用钢,评估其焊接接头的断裂强度,是研究平台结构断裂力学行为及运营寿命的基础.[方法]首先,对Q690高强度钢及其对接接头进行轴向拉伸试验,获得对应的应力?应变曲线;然后,基于GTN模型,构建Q690高强度钢及其焊接接头的拉伸断裂曲线方程,其中GTN损伤模型的计算参...     

50 000t级多用途船货舱双层底结构焊接变形预测

预测双层底船体结构单元的焊接变形,对于船体结构制造工艺设计和精度控制具有重要意义。以50 000 t级多用途船为对象,通过大量的计算和实测建立了船体结构焊接的固有应变数据库,整理得到了一个简化的以板厚为参数的固有应变计算公式,运用基于固有应变的弹性有限元分析的焊接变形预测专用软件WSDP,对第6货舱的双层底结构焊接变形进行预测,预测结果与实测结果具有良好的一致性,所建立的固有变形数据库以及简化计算公式的实用性得到验证。     

20000TEU集装箱船水密横舱壁结构精度建造的预控

水密横舱壁作为20000TEU集装箱船的关键结构,对尺寸精度的要求十分严苛,尤其是焊接变形严重影响其建造精度。针对这一问题,采用基于固有变形理论的弹性有限元分析,来预测水密横舱壁结构的面外焊接变形。同时,比较了计算固有变形的两种方法的准确度,并且总结了热输入与固有变形各分量的经验公式,还提出了减小面外焊接变形的措施。结果表明,通过与实测数据对比验证了弹性有限元分析可快速、准确地预测水密横舱壁结构的面外焊接变形;对于对接接头,变形反演法比应变积分法得到的横向固有弯曲更准确;热输入与固有变形各分量呈线性递增关系;将整个水密横舱壁结构由原来的3段分成5段,并采用对称焊接顺序,面外焊接变形最小,同时会降低对船厂吊装能力的要求。     

20000TEU集装箱船水密横舱壁结构精度建造的预控

水密横舱壁作为20000TEU集装箱船的关键结构,对尺寸精度的要求十分严苛,而焊接变形严重影响其建造精度。针对这一问题,采用基于固有变形理论的弹性有限元分析,来预测水密横舱壁结构的面外焊接变形。比较了计算固有变形的两种方法的准确度,并且总结了热输入与固有变形各分量的经验公式,还提出了减小面外焊接变形的措施。结果表明,通过与实测数据对比验证了弹性有限元分析可快速、准确地预测水密横舱壁结构的面外焊接变形;对于对接接头,变形反演法比应变积分法得到的横向固有弯曲更准确;热输入与固有变形各分量呈线性递增关系;将整个水密横舱壁结构由原来的3段分成5段,并采用对称焊接顺序,面外焊接变形最小,同时会降低对船厂吊装能力的要求。     

半潜式起重拆解平台非下潜状态下吊机试验的可行性研究

文章以配置2 200 t吊机的半潜式起重拆解平台为例,探讨半潜式起重拆解平台在非下潜状态下吊机试验的可行性,研究吊机在超载试验和旋转试验时平台稳性,并对计算结果进行分析,确定非下潜状态下吊机试验的安全性和可行性。     

焊接工艺对不规则厚壁球台结构变形的影响

潜艇建造过程中,耐压壳体过渡环结构的焊接变形是潜艇性能的重要指标。为准确预测过渡环结构的焊接变形,基于ANSYS软件编写了焊接计算程序,对T型梁结构的焊接过程进行模拟,将数值计算结果与物理实验结果进行了对比。提出了厚壁结构焊接变形预测的固有应变弹塑性有限元方法,分析了不规则厚壁球台结构的焊接工艺,得到了不同焊接工艺时厚壁球台结构的焊接变形。通过多种焊接工艺的对比分析,找到了不规则厚壁球台结构的最佳焊接工艺。     

大型船舶结构焊接变形固有应变法预测研究

大型复杂船舶结构在焊接过程中产生的焊接变形会使结构强度降低,而通过精确预测和控制焊接变形可实现精度制造的目的.文中介绍了焊接变形预测固有应变法的应用现状,并利用固有应变理论对大型复杂LNG液舱结构的焊接变形进行预测.     

Prediction and mitigation of out-of-plane welding distortion of a typical block in fabrication of a semi-submersible lifting and disassembly platform

Out-of-plane welding distortions of block structures during fabrication of offshore structure will significantly influence its dimensional accuracy and production schedule. Taking a B514 block of a semi-submersible lifting and disassembly platform as research object, typical welded joints and their welding conditions were summarized based on actual welding procedure specification (WPS). Effective thermal elastic plastic (TEP) finite element (FE) analysis with parallel computation technology was carried out to examine thermal-mechanical response. Welding inherent deformations, which are considered as the elementary cause of welding distortion, were then evaluated. With welding inherent deformations as mechanical loading, elastic finite element (FE) analysis was then employed to predict dimensional accuracy of examined B514 block, which has a good agreement with measurement data. In order to ensure the fabrication accuracy with less out-of-plane welding distortion, inverse deformation approach was applied to reduce the out-of-plane welding distortion, and influence of welding sequence on out-of-plane welding distortion was also examined. Both mitigation practices have obvious effect on dimensional accuracy of examined B514 block, while corresponding mechanical mechanisms were also clarified.     

基于固有应变理论的船体焊接变形仿真研究

大型船舶构件尺寸大、焊缝分布广,传统的有限元焊接仿真方法难以满足其大尺寸结构计算的要求。基于热弹塑性有限元法对T型局部接头进行焊接变形计算,获取焊缝处平均固有应变值,然后将其作为初始载荷施加在全尺寸壳单元分段模型上进行弹性计算,最终得到大型分段的整体焊接变形。仿真结果表明,结合小模型的热弹塑性法和大结构固有应变法,能准确高效的预测大型结构的焊接变形。     

半潜式钻井平台总段吊装强度数值计算

半潜式钻井平台因结构复杂和设备繁多,对建造周期提出了更高的要求。实现总段吊装大型化,提高吊装前的预舾装程度,这对提高生产效率、缩短平台建造周期、降低平台建造成本具有十分重要的意义。应用有限元数值计算分析技术,对吊装状态下平台大型总段的结构响应(应力与变形)进行研究,通过分析各总段构件的结构强度,对吊装方案进行评估,并对平台大型总段吊装提出一些建议和措施。     

预测船体分段焊接变形方法概述

船体分段在焊接过程中产生的焊接变形会使船体结构强度降低,精确预测和控制焊接变形是现代造船工艺的要求.焊接变形分析方法包括实验法、解析法、数值分析法、等效载荷法等,常用的是后两种方法.数值分析法采用热弹-塑性有限元模型精确模拟焊接现象,但计算工作量大;等效载荷法计算焊接区域的固有应变,并将其转化为等效载荷,进而应用弹性有限元分析求得整个结构的焊接变形.     

Recent research on welding distortion prediction in thin plate fabrication by means of elastic FE computation

Elastic FE simulation with inherent deformation and interface element is an ideal and practical computational approach for predicting welding distortion in production of thin plate structures. In this study, recent researches on inherent deformation theory and welding induced buckling investigation of ship panel were sequentially introduced. Taking bead-on-plate welding as research objective (plate with 2.28 mm in thickness), integration approach with inherent strain was proposed to accurately and conveniently evaluate magnitude of inherent deformation. Also, average temperature to clarify the mechanism of influential effect of plate width on magnitude of inherent deformation was presented and examined. With the mechanism investigation of welding induced buckling by elastic FE analysis using inherent deformation, an application for predicting and mitigating the welding induced buckling in fabrication of ship panel with thin plates by employing different welding procedure patterns was carried out. Examined intermittent zigzag welding procedure is effective to reduce the magnitude of in-plane inherent shrinkages and control the possible welding induced buckling.     

An efficient FE computation for predicting welding induced buckling in production of ship panel structure

In a Thermal-Elastic-Plastic (TEP) FE analysis to investigate welding induced buckling of large thin plate welded structure such as ship panel, it will be extremely difficult to converge computation and obtain the results when the material and geometrical non-linear behaviors are both considered. In this study, an efficient FE computation which is an elastic FE analysis based on inherent deformation method, is proposed to predict welding induced buckling with employing large deformation theory, and an application in ship panel production is carried out. The proposed FE computation is implemented with two steps:(1) The typical weld joint (fillet weld) existing in considered ship panel structure is conducted with sequential welding using actual welding condition, and welding angular distortion after completely cooling down is measured. A TEP FE analysis with solid elements model is carried out to predict the welding angular distortion, which is validated by comparing with experimental results. Then, inherent deformations in this examined fillet welded joint are evaluated as a loading for the subsequent elastic FE analysis. Also, the simultaneous welding to assemble this fillet welded joint is numerically considered and its inherent deformations are evaluated.(2) To predict the welding induced buckling in the production of ship panel structure, a shell element model of considered ship panel is then employed for elastic FE analysis, in which inherent deformation evaluated beforehand is applied and large deformation is considered. The computed results obviously show welding induced buckling in the considered ship panel structure after welding. With its instability and difficulty for straightening, welding induced buckling prefers to be avoided whenever it is possible.     

基于Weld-sta软件的船体结构焊接变形预测

预测船体复杂结构的焊接变形对制造工艺设计和精度控制具有重要的工程价值.基于固有应变理论,利用船体结构焊接变形预测专用软件Weld-sta对多用途船双层底结构焊接变形进行了预测,发现船长方向收缩最大变形量为13.2mm,船宽方向最大变形量14.5 mm.通过数值模拟结果与实验实测值的对比,可以得到软件计算的精度超过80%,验证了固有应变理论及软件用于焊接变形预测的可靠性,并在此基础上针对船体总段船台合拢的焊接变形进行了预测,发现焊接总收缩变形量为50.339 mm,与实际加工经验基本吻合.根据此结论可以针对各船体总段预留合理的焊接变形收缩量,验证了固有应变为基础的弹性板单元有限元预测法在船体总段合拢焊接中应用的可行性.     

半潜式起重平台上船体整体吊装有限元强度分析

为了保证半潜式平台上船体在吊装过程中的安全性,按照DNV相关原则和规定,利用CATIA软件进行了有限元强度分析。分析结果表明,在静态和吊装状态下,通过对薄弱部位的加强,吊装的安全性能够得到保障。