确定性纹理表面特征高度对皮肤摩擦感知的影响

为了揭示人体触觉感知的基本机理和规律,首先通过机械物理学中的摩擦磨损分析,研究了确定性纹理表面特征高度对指尖皮肤摩擦行为的影响;其次通过心理学测试手段,得到与摩擦行为相关的认知成分P300的潜伏期与波幅;最后综合两者的测试结果,研究了指尖皮肤摩擦行为与触觉感知之间的关系. 研究结果表明:手指皮肤与粗糙度较大的确定性纹理表面摩擦接触时,摩擦力主要由黏着摩擦力、滞后摩擦力和互锁作用力组成;手指皮肤的触觉感知与摩擦作用有较强的相关性;表面织构粗糙度从0.1增加到0.4时,指尖皮肤变形量从2.356增加至2.941,手指皮肤变形造成的滞后摩擦与互锁作用越明显;纹理特征高度大的样本诱发的P300潜伏期小, 峰值大,感知明显,纹理特征高度小的样本与之相反,说明皮肤摩擦感知主要取决于与皮肤变形直接相关的滞后摩擦和互锁作用.      

基于人体姿态空时特征的驾驶员疲劳检测

为减少疲劳驾驶给道路交通带来的安全隐患，本文以驾驶员人体姿态为研究对象，分析驾驶动作变化与驾驶员疲劳状态之间的联系，提出基于空时特征与人体姿态的驾驶员疲劳检测模型。首先，以改进的Simple Baselines网络定位驾驶员骨架关键点(空间特征)；其次，分析驾驶过程中人体姿态的变化特点，依据“高内聚、低耦合”的原则将人体关键点模块化，以此为基础设计多个与驾驶员疲劳驾驶相关的特征表示；最后，引入滑动窗口计算各疲劳特征的离散程度，将其作为长短时记忆网络(时间特征)的输入，从而实现对驾驶员疲劳状态的预测。通过13位被试驾驶人的驾驶行为数据实验结果表明：使用本文提出的基于空-时特征和人体姿态的驾驶员疲劳检测模型可达到97.73%的检测精确率，98.95%的召回率以及98.35%的准确率，表明该检测模型具有可行性。     

一种可被生物降解的复合材料开发

现有淀粉基PP材料制作的一次性食品包装用容器耐候性和抗冻性较差,气温低于-10℃时易脆化开裂,且卫生指标有若干项严重超标,长期使用可能会对人体有害。为有效解决淀粉基PP材料的诸多缺点,提出一种聚乙烯、淀粉与无机填料相互结合的复合材料体系。采用高速搅拌混合、挤出造粒的工艺制备了该复合材料,经过万能试验机测试了力学性能,发现其大多数力学性能和耐热指标达到或超过了淀粉基PP材料,且在一定范围内微调配方,对该材料的综合性能影响比较小,其最高值与最低值误差不超过15％;又采用定量溶剂浸泡实验测试了其卫生指标,证实该材料已达到国家标准,长期使用对人体无害;并且对该材料做了户外耐候性、抗冷冻、耐化学腐蚀性测试,发现其外观无明显变化,力学性能也无明显下降。     

Panoramic and Personalised Intelligent Healthcare Mode

Although the development of national conditions and the increase in health risk factors undoubtedly pose a huge challenge to China's medical health and labour security system,these simultaneously promote the elevation and transformation of national healthcare consciousness.Given that the current disease diagnosis and treatment models hardly satisfy the growing demand for medical and health care in China,based on the theory of healthcare and basic laws of human physiological activities,and combined with the characteristics of the information society,this paper presents a panoramic and personalised intelligent healthcare mode that is aimed at improving and promoting individual health.The basic definition and conceptual model are provided,and its basic characteristics and specific connotations are elaborated in detail.Subsequently,an intelligent coordination model of daily time allocation and a dynamic optimisation model for healthcare programmes are proposed.The implementation of this mode is explicitly illustrated with a practical application case.It is expected that this study will provide new ideas for further healthcare research and development.     

隧道瞬变电磁法地电参数敏感度分析

为探讨瞬变电磁法用于隧道超前预报时瞬变电磁场的特点,用ANSYS模拟了层状半空间和地下全空间瞬变电磁场的传播特性．通过改变低阻异常体的埋深、半径、电阻率及高阻围岩的电阻率,得到了瞬变电磁场探测结果对各参数的敏感程度,并对探测结果进行拟合,得到了相应的函数特性．结果表明：地下全空间瞬变涡流场的传播表现为“水波效应”,而非层状半空间的“烟圈效应”;隧道中低阻体地电参数变化将显著改变二次场的时域特性．是隧道电磁法的敏感参数：高阻围岩电导率变化对二次场时域特性的影响不大．是不敏感参数．     

资源配置结构——我对管理的理解

从管理实践者的体验出发，阐释了资源、配置、结构的内涵，提出了“管理就是对资源的配置结构”的观点。认为：探讨管理就是探讨资源构成、配置、结构，改进管理也就是改进资源的配置、结构；在管理的资源、配置、结构中，起核心作用的因素是人，在瞬息的机遇或危机面前，管理者的决断力至关重要，优化资源的配置和结构，就可能洞察先机、赢得先机。     

蜘蛛、苍蝇与克罗德形象

《巴黎圣母院》中的副主教克罗德的形象具有双重特征,既是宗教恶势力的代表,又是宗教禁欲主义的牺牲品。克罗德的性格发展符合生活的逻辑:神性腐蚀着人性,人性蜕变为兽性。这个“蜘蛛”、“苍蝇”二位一体的形象对法国十九世纪的教权和王权有着深刻的批判意义。     

樊炳清美学思想初探——兼论与王国维美学思想的关系

樊炳清(志厚)给王国维《人间词》作过序,长期以来,学界对此有争议,但无论否定者还是肯定者,均未联系樊炳清的美学思想以佐证,且默认樊氏别无美学思想及有关"境界"的论述.经钩沉整理,樊氏对美的本体、要素、发生、功能和文学发展观以及"境界"等均有论述.樊炳清认为:美生于适,以心中典型观念视其物而生美感,美乃救济人生之宝筏,有境界故其入人也深,伟大之艺术盛于承平而绝于衰乱.这与他的同学好友王国维的美学思想有一定的相似性.     

新型电缆贯通供电系统载流机制

新型电缆贯通供电系统能够取消电分相环节,延长供电距离,并有效治理电气化铁路中的电能质量问题.但电缆牵引网(cable traction network,CTN)包含不同的电压等级,基波电流要首先经过牵引网的各个环节,最终汇聚到列车负载;而列车发射的谐波电流要经过两级渗透,最终返送到公用电网.为研究电缆贯通供电系统的载流...     

论中学体育教学中的心理健康教育

心理健康是人的健康的重要组成部分。在体育教学中充分利用丰富的心理教学因素,调动学生学习积极性,教育学生利用体育手段调节身心,优化学生心理环境,有利于学生健康人格的形成。本文提出了进行心理健康教育应注意的问题:注意培养学生承受挫折,适应环境,自我调控的能力;关注个体差异,根据中学生的不同需要采取不同的运动项目,根据学生心理发展特点和身心发展规律有针对性地进行心理健康教育。     

Life cycle assessment for the ＂implicit＂ environmental impact of construction projects

The paper has established an assessment system and a quantitative calculation method of the "implicit" environmental impact including environmental impact indicator, resources consumption indicator and energy consumption indicator. The quantitative calculation of the environmental impact indicator is based on the life cycle assessment system and the evaluation software BEES. The paper identifies normalization reference values and weights for 12 categories of the environmental impact. It also analyzes the environmental impact indicator in life cycle stages, raw materials, transportation, manufacturing, utilization, and end of life. A university refectory project is studied. The result has shown that human health, global warming and acidification are the first three environmental impacts in 12 categories. The environmental impact indicator per m2 of this project is 18.448×10-2 standard human equivalent weight. Moreover, 97.3 % of the total environmental impact occurs at the raw material stage, in which the most severe environmental impact is cancerous health effect; the global warming is the main impact at the transportation and manufacturing stages; the indoor air quality impact is at the usage stage.     

Surface reconstruction of scanned human body using radial basis functions and adaptive partition of unity

It is important to reconstruct a continuous surface representation of the point cloud scanned from a human body. In this paper a new implicit surface method is proposed to reconstruct the human body surface from the points based on the combination of radial basis functions (RBFs) and adaptive partition of unity (PoU). The whole 3D domain of the scanned human body is firstly subdivided into a set of overlapping subdomains based on the improved octrees. The smooth local surfaces are then computed in the subdomains based on RBFs. And finally the global human body surface is reconstructed by blending the local surfaces with the adaptive PoU functions. This method is robust for the surface reconstruction of the scanned human body even with large or non-uniform point cloud which has a sharp density variation. Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50575139) and the Shanghai Special Fund of Informatization (No. 088)     

基于改进YCrCb颜色空间的肤色分割

人脸识别是计算机视觉、模式识别、生物特征识别、图像处理等多学科交叉的一门科学,肤色分割是人脸识别研究中一个重要的步骤。针对基于YCrCb颜色空间的肤色分割在强光下分割不准确的现状,提出了一种基于改进的YCrCb空间的肤色分割方法,本文利用改进YCrCb颜色空间提高了强光下肤色分割的准确性和适应性。实验证明该算法减弱了光线强弱对人脸肤色分割的影响,更加准确的找到人脸区域,误检率较低。     

汽车行驶平顺性评价方法的研究

对目前国际上主要采用的评价方法－ISO2631标准吸收功率法的特点及存在的问题进行了详细的分析讨论。通过对汽车力学模型的理论分析和实验结果分析表明,基于ISO2631标准上的GB4970－85国家标准无法准确地评价汽车行驶平顺性能的好坏。提出了汽车常用车速范围内的累积承受时间作为汽车行驶平顺性的评价指标,其评价结果与实际情况是一致的。     

典型人类工程活动诱发黄土滑坡灾害特征与致灾机理

为了揭示人类工程活动诱发的黄土滑坡成灾机理,基于典型工程活动触发黄土滑坡案例分析,采用野外调查、物理模型试验和应力路径试验等方法,分析了堆载触发黄土滑坡剪切带形成过程、卸载触发黄土滑坡演化模式和灌溉诱发黄土滑坡的成灾过程。研究结果表明:堆载和卸载触发的黄土滑坡,垂直节理易演化成裂缝带,剪应力作用下剪切蠕变带逐渐由坡脚向坡体内部扩展,直至发展成贯通的剪切带,坡体整体变形破坏,堆载触发黄土滑坡具有典型浅层、深层双滑带特征;灌溉诱发黄土滑坡主要发育在黄土塬边,长期农田灌溉导致地下水抬升,坡体内形成饱和带,重力荷载作用下发生蠕动剪切破坏,滑坡开始启动,大规模的快速覆盖加载导致坡体前部浅层黄土液化,最终触发黄土泥流远程滑坡。      

一种新的肤色区域分割提取方法

提出一种新的肤色区域分割提取方法,并详细叙述了该方法的步骤和实现算法.在人脸检测和识别项目中,应用该算法来提取各肤色区域,经大量实验说明,该方法是有效的.     

Depth Camera-Based Robot-Assisted Ultrasonic Lipolysis System

With many advantages such as non-invasive,safe and quick effect,focused ultrasound lipolysis stands out among many fat-removing methods.However,during the whole process,the doctor needs to hold the ultra-sound transducer and press it on the patient's skin with a large pressure for a long time;thus the probability of muscle and bone damage for doctors is greatly increased.To reduce the occurrence of doctors' occupational diseases,a depth camera-based ultrasonic lipolysis robot system is proposed to realize robot-assisted automatic ultrasonic lipolysis operation.The system is composed of RealSense depth camera,KUKA LBR Med seven-axis robotic arm,PC host,and ultrasonic lipolysis instrument.The whole operation includes two parts:preoperative planning and intraoperative operation.In preoperative planning,the treatment area is selected in the camera image by the doctor;then the system automatically plans uniformly distributed treatment points in the treat-ment area.At the same time,the skin normal vector is calculated to determine the end posture of the robot,so that the ultrasound transducer can be pressed down in the normal direction of skin.During the intraoperative operation,the robot is controlled to arrive at the treatment point in turn.Meanwhile,the patient's movement can be detected by the depth camera,and the path of robot is adjusted in real time so that the robot can track the movement of patient,thereby ensuring the accuracy of the ultrasonic lipolysis operation.Finally,the human body model experiment is conducted.The results show that the maximum error of the robot operation is within 5 mm,average error is 3.1 mm,and the treatment points of the robot operation are more uniform than those of manual operation.Therefore,the system can replace the doctor and achieve autonomous ultrasonic lipolysis to reduce the doctor's labor intensity.     

脂质体介导c-myc反义寡核苷酸对人肝癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响

目的　观察脂质体 (LR)介导c myc反义寡核苷酸 (ASODN)对高表达基因c myc的人肝癌细胞SMMC 772 1裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响。方法　人肝癌细胞株SMMC 772 1以 1.5× 10 6 分别接种于裸鼠背部皮下 ,第 14天均生长出瘤结节 [大小为 (4± 1)mm]后 ,分为实验组、空白对照组和错配链寡核苷酸对照组三组。实验组用脂质体包裹的10 μmol·L- 1 浓度ASODN每天一次直接瘤体注射 ,连用 5d ,观察 2 8d。结果　测量裸鼠瘤体外表 ,发现第 5天ASODN组瘤体明显小于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,瘤质量在第 2 8天后ASODN组明显轻于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。组织学HE染色显示瘤体组织在实验组较对照组坏死明显 ,免疫组化结果显示C myc蛋白表达在实验组较对照组降低。 结论　推测应用脂质体包裹ASODN可能对人肝癌细胞SMMC 772 1成瘤的组织细胞生长有一定的抑制作用     

Vertical bearing behavior of cast-in-place diaphragm wall in Shanghai

When diaphragm wall is used as the permanent vertical bearing structure,design standard of the bored pile adopted has to induce the risk or iste. The vertical load transfer mechanism and bearing capacity of the diaphragm wall are examined by a field testing program at the site in Shanghai soft clays. Test results indicate that the diaphragm wall almost behaves as a rigid body under the vertical load. It induces that the skin friction and the toe resistance of the wall develop simultaneously. The skin fricti...     

侧向风荷载对人-车-路系统耦合振动的影响分析

采用谱解法模拟脉动风荷载场,根据风洞试验测得的车辆的空气动力参数,计算出作用在车辆侧面的风荷载;将风荷载加到人-车-路耦合振动系统方程中,建立起考虑其影响的系统耦合振动方程;采用人体加权竖向振动加速度均方根值对车辆乘坐舒适度进行评价,并对模拟风速场及侧向风速大小对车辆乘坐舒适度的影响进行讨论.分析表明：静态风减小了人体、车辆振动加速度的最大值,但对其加速度均方根值没有影响;脉动风作用下人体振动加速度最大值略有变化,但均方根值却增大较多;侧向风荷载场对路面结构的振动几乎没有影响;平整路面下乘坐者出现不舒适感的临界风速为55m/s,A级不平整路面出现不舒适感的临界值为15m/s.