2012年珠江片区“中国航海日”潮涌南宁

六百年前，郑和扬帆起航，把中国的茶叶、丝绸、瓷器运到了西方，开辟了海上丝绸之路；六百年前，郑和穿越了太平洋、大两洋，将两个半球的文化进行了交流；六百年前，郑和率领着船队穿梭于30多个国家，为中华的外交事业做出了卓越的贡献；六百年前，郑和绘图造船，那个气势恢宏的中华宝船，将中华的航海事业推向了一个高潮。     

磁性理论的统一模型

从多体系统的总哈密顿量出发，保留双中心积分项，得到了一个新模型，此模型不仅考虑了原子内的电子关联，而且考虑了原子之间的关联效应，从而克服了赫伯德模型的缺点，本文还对新模型进行了深入的分析，发现对绝缘磁性材料，它还原为海森伯模型；通过参数的变化，它能够对包括绝缘体，金属在内的各种磁性材料给出统一的数学描述，形成了统一的物理图象。     

美国军民结合致力开发小水线面双体船

美国最早出了注水线面双体船的原始概念，并从６０年代末开始完成了一系列基础性研究和方案设计工作，此后，他们在近３０年的时间里，细历了三个发展阶段，军民使用需求既结合又转移，多家竞争，优胜弱汰，形成了若干开发中心，推动了小水线面双体船的技术发展，并不断地提高水平扩大生产。     

环渤海水域：共同整治砂石运输船、施工船

近期，声势浩大的天津海域砂石运输船、施工船专项整治拉开序幕，同时，环渤海水域各海事部门统一标准、统一行动，联合开展了针对内河砂石运输船施工船的专项整治活动，取得了阶段性效果，进一步规范了海上砂石运输市场秩序，改善了水域通航环境，为环渤海区域经济发展作出了重要贡献。     

浅谈轮总工业深化改革中的几个问题

本文叙述了经过多年的努力，轮总工业特别是造船工业有了很大的发展，造船技术，管理水平，企业生产规模，综合经济实力都有了很大的特点，并取得了长足的进步，为今后的发展奠定了坚实的基础，但从另外一个方面看，最近几年轮总工业一直在效益低谷中艰难徘徊。地严酷的市场竞争，轮总工业如何冲出低谷，走向复苏，本文就轮总工业界人士普遍关注的问题谈了一些看法，对于轮总工业在转机建制，深化改革中有一定的现实意义。     

南通船厂15万t浮船坞系泊设施

１５万ｔ浮船坞系泊设计设计所采用的硬固定方式，目前在国内尚属首次。南通船厂浮船坞在工艺布局中充分利用了地势，并考虑到地质不利条件，提出把导柱移至浮坞，在岸只需固定卡环，这方案大大简化了水工结构设计，方便了施工，赢得了时间，节省了大量投资，工程投产后带来了明显的效益。     

榕江渔湖湾切嘴工程施工体会

本文介绍了渔湖湾切嘴的施工情况，优化了疏浚土处理措施，节省了投资，缩短了工期，保证了施工安全，可供类似工程参考。     

船用智能蓄电池充放电控制器设计

本文对船用２４Ｖ免维护蓄电池的充电机理进行了分析讨论，提出了船用智能充放电控制器的设计要求，并进行了硬件和软件设计，使用结果表明，该控制器自动化，智能化程度高，功能齐全，性能稳定，操作简便，工作可靠，具有很好的应用价值。     

结构强度设计准则研究

本文论述了船舶结构的设计准则，首先阐明了结构的安全裕度与分析方法，材料性质，剖面尺度，工艺质量，残余应力，长度偏差，使用状况，破坏类型等因素有关，接着阐述了破坏模式，以及从屈服，塑性，断裂，疲劳，变形等各个方面分析问题的准则，这些研究对当前设计正由规范设计转向直接设计提供了很有益的启示。     

天津港：用手机可点播集装箱集疏港信息

日前，天津港客户服务呼叫中心开通“天津港集装箱集疏港信息手机短信点播系统”。该系统的开通，畅通了天津港服务客户的渠道，从一定程度上缓解了港口交通压力，节省了客户成本，满足了客户需求，保证了港口生产的顺利进行。该系统以天津港客户服务呼叫中心为基础平台，定时采集港口各个集装箱作业单位相关信息，建立相关数据库，     

航标技术改造中的风险预测及管理

风险预测及管理是国示航8标界近年来颇为关注的话题。如何在航标管理中引入风险的概念,如何通过风险管理来达到航标建设投入与产出的合理平衡是我们中国航标界人员应仔细思考的问题。本文结合以往在航标技术改造中的一些经验,论述了航标技术改造的风险类型,以及相应的评估指标体系,初步总结了这方面的经验,供参考。     

新概念FPSO最新研究进展

结合30多年来开发出的各种新概念FPSO,介绍FPSO在海上油田开发中的应用优势和不足,重点介绍FPSO在浮体形式创新和使用功能扩展方面的最新研究进展,对FPSO的设计研究提出建议.     

Examining Residents’ Proximity,Recreational Use,and Perceptions Regarding Proposed Aquaculture Development

Competing interests related to marine resources have the potential to create conflict in the coastal zone. In many parts of the world marine farms exist in close proximity to areas that support recreation and tourism. The purpose of this study was to examine residents’ perceptions of proposed marine farm development related to their proximity to, and recreational use of, a coastal area in New Zealand. Residents from two areas were surveyed about their recreational use of the region and about perceptions related to marine farm development. Results indicated that those living closest to proposed marine farms used the area more often and in different ways, were most sensitive to marine farm development, and were less positive in their evaluations of marine farms, despite agreeing that marine farms can have positive economic consequences for nearby communities. Implications for using stakeholder input for the planning and management of marine farms are discussed.     

Attitudes toward Participation in Cooperative Coastal Management: Four European Case Studies

Findings are reported of the VALCOAST project that had as one of its research objectives to ascertain: (a) stakeholder willingness to participate and cooperate in coastal management (CM), given local and national CM practices; and (b) stakeholder assessment of the "accessibility" and "friendliness" of current CM processes. The project involved case studies and stakeholder interviews in Belgium, Greece, Spain, and the UK. Major findings include: (1) most stakeholders are willing to cooperate in three out of the four case areas, but not to the same extent; (2) the participating "officials" in the case studies are expecting the stakeholders to be less willing to cooperate than the latter indicate; (3) stakeholders in all case studies do not expect to be heard by those responsible for CM, find it difficult to learn about the relevant institutional arrangements, and consider the communication of the objectives and anticipated impacts of CM policies to be inadequate. It is concluded that the strong evidence of stakeholders' potential willingness to cooperate in local initiatives is very encouraging for a devolved, regional approach to European Union coastal management policies, provided that this potential is capitalized upon in such policy processes.     

Exploring the effects of passenger rail franchising in Britain: Evidence from the first two rounds of franchising (1997-2008)

This paper provides an up-to-date review of the previous literature concerning the impact of passenger rail franchising on productivity and costs in Britain, and also presents important new evidence. In particular, the extension in time of previously-used datasets offers the first opportunity to study the impacts of re-franchising. The previous literature emphasised the failure of franchising to produce sustained productivity gains, with a sharp deterioration in productivity after 2000. The new evidence presented offers a somewhat more positive view of the British experience. It suggests that part of what was previously considered to be falling productivity may in fact be due to exogenous changes in diesel prices. Further, new data suggests that the recent increases in costs have resulted in higher quality of service. Finally, competitive re-franchising, and the associated unwinding of short-term management and re-negotiated contracts, seems to have led to improvements in productivity between 2006 and 2008. Nevertheless, it remains the case that passenger rail franchising in Britain has failed to reduce costs in the way experienced in many other industries and in rail in other European countries. The evidence is that somewhat larger franchises, avoiding overlapping and optimising train density and length, should reduce costs. We also speculate that the major increase in wages and conditions of staff might be moderated by longer franchises, although that remains to be proved. This re-appraisal of the British case is important in the context of the wider international interest in the use of franchising in passenger rail, and its relevance to the current review of ways of introducing competition into the domestic rail passenger market in Europe.     

高分辨率罗兰C天波延迟估计新技术

提出了一种基于特征分解的多信号分类算法估计罗兰C接收机天波延迟的信号处理新技术。它为接收机基准点的实时设置提供了一种新方法。常规接收机为了防止天波干扰，将基准点设置在一个固定位置上，导致基准点处信噪比受包络限制而较低，从而大大增加了对准基准点的时间。利用这项技术，我们在低信噪比条件下分离出了地波和天波的到达时刻。这就使得接收机能根据天波延迟变化实时选择基准点最佳位置，并能利用地波到达时刻进行周期选择。由于此法有助于增加基准点处的信噪比，减少对准基准点的时间，因而能极大地提高现有罗兰C接收机的性能。还显示了新方法较IFFF方法有更高的分辨率。     

Decentralized Coastal Zone Management in Malaysia and Indonesia: A Comparative Perspective 1

Transferring decision-making process from central to local government and enhancing the role of local communities in managing coastal zones is an increasing commitment by governments in Southeast Asia. This article analyzes decentralized coastal zone management in two neighboring countries, Malaysia and Indonesia. The Federal system in Malaysia is argued to be able to influence more decentralized coastal zone management and to promote community-based management approaches. Meanwhile, the large diversity of coastal resources and communities combined with a still as yet tested decentralization policy in Indonesia is argued to bring more challenges in implementing the decentralization and community-based approaches in coastal zones. The lessons learned in this study provide insight in how far decentralized coastal zone management has taken place in Malaysia and Indonesia. The significant differences in the pattern of coastal zone management in these two countries are discussed in detail. This study recognizes that co-management and community-based approaches can be appropriate in dealing with coastal zone management. This comparative perspective is important to the development of a bigger picture of sustainable coastal zone management processes and cross-regional knowledge-sharing in Southeast Asia.     

Risk analysis of jackup rigs

Increasing attention has been focussed in the North Sea and elsewhere on the quantification of the risks of working in a hazardous enviroment: the offshore world. The perception of risk with respect to mobile rigs has often been vague and uninformed. This paper attempts to put the risks with respect to jackup rigs into perspective by quantifying them and comparing them to other risks.

This paper contains a few risk comparisons with fixed platforms, semi-submersibles, and drillships. Historical casualties are used in an example to show how a change intended to make an operation safer, may result in the opposite effect.

Examining risks from losses due to environmental overload, the conclusion is reached that jackups are very safe structures: there appears to be no jackup, in the timeframe examined, that has been lost because of a deficiency in the calculation methods currently in use by knowledgeable experts.     

基于小波分析的Spar平台阻尼系数研究

连续小波分析方法作为典型的时频方法虽已广泛应用于工程界,但在海洋工程领域并未得到大力推广。文章应用连续小波分析方法对海洋工程领域中与Truss Spar平台涡激运动相关的阻尼系数进行求解。通过构建测试信号对这一方法进行数值检验,验证了小波分析方法的可靠性和准确性。利用试验数据,成功将小波分析方法应用于求解Truss Spar平台阻尼系数问题中。结果表明小波分析方法具有较好的可靠性,能够准确求解平台的阻尼系数。     

Rural school transportation in emerging countries: The Brazilian case

The lack of proper policies for the rural environment, in contrast to the situation in the urban environment in Brazil, has prevented the rural population from benefiting from basic infrastructure and access to their rights as citizens. The poor school transportation conditions are large barriers to access and retention of pupils in schools. These poor conditions, with lack of comfort and high accident risks, result in long travelling hours to reach the school and lessen learning performance because the children arrive in the school tired and sleepy. The Brazilian Federal Government has adopted different programs and actions in order to overcome these difficulties and to improve school conditions in general. A new standard vehicle has been adopted, which will be fit for the harsh road conditions in the rural areas, and handbooks have been introduced to help the municipalities and their officials to plan and to contract school transport services. This paper provides an overview of the outlook for rural school transportation in Brazil, describing the operational conditions (including trip and vehicle conditions) and their users, as well as analysis on the effects on school performance, and also the role of the local and Federal governments.