提高乘坐舒适度的措施

介绍了日本新干线为提高车辆乘坐舒适度所采取的一系列措施。     

A dynamic CSTT model for the effects of added nutrients in Loch Creran, a shallow fjord

Despite a tendency for the complexity of physical–biological models to increase, simple coupled models remain useful for some applications and can provide insights into crucial links between physical and biological processes. This argument is illustrated with an account of a simple 3-box model intended to help assess the capacity of fjords to assimilate nutrients from fish farms. The model, a dynamic version of the UK “Comprehensive Studies Task Team” (CSTT) steady-state model for eutrophication, was applied to Loch Creran (Scottish Western Highlands) and was implemented using Stella 8 and tested using historical data from 1975 (before the installation of a salmon farm) and field data collected in 2003, during the period of operation of the farm. The model's biological state variables are chlorophyll, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), and it includes a simple run-off model to convert rainfall into river discharge. The physical processes involved in exchange between the loch and the adjacent waters of the Firth of Lorne were parameterised as a constant daily exchange rate.Between 1975 and 2003, local inputs of nutrient increased but, despite this, there was little apparent increase in nutrient concentrations in the loch, and observed chlorophyll concentrations decreased substantially. Model simulations of chlorophyll and DIN agreed well with observations in 1975, as did DIN simulations in 2003. However, simulated chlorophyll was overestimated in 2003.Some of the agreement between observations and simulations come from the use of observed boundary conditions to force the model. However, even when boundary conditions are subtracted from simulations and observations, the simulations in most cases retain a significant correlation with observations, demonstrating that the model's ‘interior’ processes do add to its ability to replicate conditions in the loch.     

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基于性能的导航（Performance Based Navigation,PBN）飞行程序设计方案的优选对提高终端区空域的容量,空中交通管理工作的质量、效率,甚至飞机的飞行安全至关重要.但在实际操作中,PBN飞行程序设计方案的评估通常由有关专家根据机场的特点,依据专业知识及经验来确定优选方案,存在主观性和随意性的缺陷.为了提高PBN飞行程序设计方案优选的合理性和有效性,本文构建了PBN飞行程序设计方案的评价指标体系,建立了基于相对优势度法的区间数多属性评价模型.在该模型中,属性权重及评价指标值均采用区间数形式赋值,这些区间数用于计算备选方案的相对优势度,通过选择最大相对优势度来确定最佳方案.实例证明,所提出的评价模型能充分利用决策信息,有效地解决PBN飞行程序设计方案的优选问题.     

汽车电子器件的故障维修

当今汽车装备中,电气、电子系统占居了很大比重。由于各种电子系统有各自不同的控制模块,而电路与电路之间又存在着诸多的连系,因此出现故障时,人们很容易搞混。经常会有维修人员在对出现故障的电子系统进行了动力和接地测试后,却无从下手,转而又请教他人的事情。更有甚者,一些维修人员对难以着手的问题轻易下结论,例如黑盒子故障,接着便随手将价格昂贵的故障模块丢弃的现象。 通常情况下,维修人员是能够解决电子、电气方面故障的。你只需详细查看受     

由超导线圈和大块超导体构成的磁性轴承的力密度研究

介绍了日本南超导线圈和大块超导体构成的磁性轴承在力密度方面的研究成果。     

车轮定位基础

给车轮进行正确的定位,可以使汽车操纵起来更安全、乘坐更舒适,并能够最大限度地延长汽车轮胎的使用寿命。 现代汽车转向和悬挂系统是立体几何学在工程实践中成功应用的范例之一。车轮定位整合了转向和悬挂系统的所有几何参数,以便获得安全的操纵性、乘坐的舒适性以及最长的轮胎使用寿命。 前轮定位的含义是指由转向和悬挂系统部件之间形成的角度。一般来说,汽车维修工需要检查前轮的5个定位参数:主销后倾角、车轮外倾角、车轮前束、转向轴内倾     

Vehicle aesthetics and their impact on the pedestrian environment

Cars are designed to appeal to the buyer’s self-image, many of them evoking an impression of speed and power. Such an impression conflicts both with the aesthetic language of suburban architecture, and the needs of pedestrians. The research described in this report was conceived as a preliminary investigation of how members of the public view the aesthetic impact of cars in the residential street environment, particularly from the pedestrian’s point of view. The results suggested that people use two distinct sets of criteria when evaluating the motor car and the residential environment in visual terms. When asked to ‘match’ different models of car with different street scenes, respondents avoided referring to abstract visual qualities such as shape, colour and texture, but concentrated instead on the owners: the imagined driver and the imagined householder. The problem of visual harmony was reduced to one of social and cultural harmony. Could the imagined householder be expected to drive this or that car? However, SUVs were singled out as visually intrusive because they blocked the pedestrian’s view. Members of one of the groups, boys aged 11–12, found it difficult to visualise the impact of cars on pedestrians at all, or even to question vehicle design from the pedestrian’s point of view. They just wanted to be in the driving seat.     

次级点火分析

我刊2001年7月号曾介绍了有关发动机初级点火的基本知识,本期将介绍有关次级点火的知识。 医生为病人检查时,总要先测量体温、血压以及其他一些可以判断身体是否健康的指标,然后对这些指标进行分析诊断,找到病根后才能对症下药。对汽车进行故障诊断时,同样需要找到导致故障的     

改装及汽车后市场蓄势待发——记2006中国国际汽车用品展览会暨国际改装汽车展览会

2006年3月9日，中国最大的国际汽车用品及改装汽车专业大展：2006中国国际汽车用品展览会暨国际改装汽车展览会（简称CIAACE2006）在北京农业展览馆新馆隆重开幕，这是目前中国规模最大．档次最高．影响力最强的关于汽车后市场产品及服务的展会。这是车迷们的节日，也是众多车商们一年一度展示汽车用品行业最新状况．汽车改装行业最新潮流的完美平台。展会人潮涌动，盛况空前的场面确实让记者有些始料不及。594家来自国内外的汽车用品及改装企业，1000多种汽车周边的新品会聚于此，仅开幕当天上午，来自世界各地的专业观众、汽车爱好者就多达6000人次。北京亚运村汽车交易市场负责人兴奋地告诉记者：“这是中国汽车爱好者的一个节日！”[编者按]     

基于TMS320F2812有源滤波控制器的设计

介绍了有源电力滤波器(APF)的基本原理的基础,具体分析了有源滤波器控制系统的硬件结构和软件流程,阐述了基于TMS320F2812数字信号处理器的有源滤波控制器设计.最后通过实验数据.验证了该控制器的正确性和有效性.