Hybrid process of fabricating high-quality micro wine-glass fused silica resonators

A new hybrid method, which combines improved glass-blown technology with wet etching, is reported to fabricate micro wine-glass resonators with high-quality fused silica. The optimum placement is compared to achieve the resonators with good shell shape. The typical shell diameter is about 4mm and its thickness covers from dozens to hundreds of micrometers. The etching rates in corrosion solutions with different ratios and at different thicknesses of hemispherical shells are studied. We also conclude how to precisely control the thickness. The corrosion solutions with different ratios of HF solution to NH₄F solution make the spherical shells rougher in different degrees. The best roughness is 0.581 nm in the 1: 8 ratio corrosion solution while the original roughness is 0.537 nm. This fact shows that the resonator remains atomically smooth surface. Based on the glassblowing spherical fused silica structure, the thickness of the resonator is effectively controlled by buffered oxide etch (BOE) technology according to the measured etching rate. The measured resonant frequency of the hemispherical shell at ambient pressure and room temperature is 1.75 kHz of rocking mode which is close to the simulated frequency. Using such a low-cost hybrid approach, we can fabricate high-quality microscale resonators in batch.     

Model Test on Grouting Law in Dynamic Water-Rich Sand Layers by the Electric Resistance Method北大核心CSCD

In order to study the diffusion law of grouting slurry in the water-rich sand layer under flowing water conditions, a grouting test model consisting of a main test system, a grouting system, and a measurement system was developed. And for detecting the diffusion scope of the grouts, a new resistivity method was proposed. It is found that the relationship between grouting pressure and grouting rate during the test is strong. Under hydrodynamic conditions, the grouting slurry diffuses elliptically. Due to gravity and the effect of the upper water flow, the center of gravity of the ellipsoid is below the grouting outlet, and the grouting effectively improves the physical and mechanical properties of water-rich sand bodies. At the same time, the resistivity method has a good application effect on the detection of grouting diffusion range. The range of slurry diffusion obtained by the resistivity method is basically consistent with the boundary of the stone body after excavation, indicating that the resistivity method is reliable for detection of grouting range in dynamic water-rich sand layer. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

瑞士隧道施工测量新技术介绍

随着科技的不断进步,测量工作所涵盖的范围越来越广,测量工作对工程的成败和盈亏起着举足轻重轻重的地位.以瑞士当前正在施工的尤特利山高速公路隧道为例,介绍有关隧道施工测量技术的发展和最新进展.     

膨胀土深基坑开挖对邻近地铁设施变形的影响

随着全国各大城市地铁以及城市轻轨交通项目的快速兴建,在膨胀土分布区域,一系列的膨胀土深基坑工程位于地铁线路周边,对地铁隧道及车站的安全产生影响。膨胀土作为对工程危害严重的特殊土,膨胀土深基坑的开挖对邻近地铁设施的影响分析显得尤为重要。为此,以邻近成都地铁2号线洪河站某膨胀土深基坑工程为背景,运用FLAC3D数值软件建立计算模型,采用膨胀土抗剪强度折减的方法,对膨胀土深基坑分层开挖对邻近地铁设施的变形影响进行分析计算。计算结果表明:地铁隧道及车站的最大位移符合控制要求,数值计算结果与现场测试结果相近,表明考虑膨胀土抗剪强度衰减的方法可以用于膨胀土基坑分析计算,成果可为类似工程的设计和施工提供参考。     

五路交叉口交通改善方法及其应用

五路交叉口通常用环岛来组织交通,随着交通量的迅猛增长,现在成了道路上的主要拥堵点,是交通界公认的比较棘手的问题,探讨五路交叉口的改善方案显得尤为必要。结合城市多路交叉口的常见问题,探讨了五路交叉口设计中的五路环形交叉、五路信号控制、五路环岛加信号控制、五路改四路等方法,分析了各方法的优缺点并提出其适用条件。以实际五路交叉口改造为例,对各个方案进行仿真,并对仿真结果进行对比分析,提出了五路环行交叉口的最优解决方案。     

基于案例推理的汽车维修专家系统

依据汽车维修行业领域的专家知识和实践经验，综合运用案例推理、模糊推理和缺省推理等方法，对汽车维修中的多种故障采取原因和症状相结合的维修思路进行推理机制的设置，建立基于案例推理、模糊推理和缺省推理相结合的、能迅速确定汽车维修方案的推理模型，建立了某企业汽车维修系统的原型系统。     

纯甲醇发动机冷起动系统的研发

针对纯甲醇发动机低温起动困难的问题,从改善甲醇燃料的蒸发和雾化人手,在进气歧管前节气门后加装自行研发的甲醇发动机冷起动系统,采用PTC陶瓷热敏电阻将起动时喷入气缸的甲醇加热,促其蒸发,使甲醇蒸汽浓度达到着火界限.试验结果表明,装有该冷起动系统的甲醇发动机可在环境温度为0℃的低温条件下冷起动一次成功,较好地解决了纯甲醇发动机的冷起动问题.     

基于前轮转角约束自适应模型预测控制的路径跟踪研究

针对在车辆行驶中较小的前轮转角无法充分利用路面附着能力,较大的前轮转角使得车辆的行驶稳定性差的问题,文章提出了一种前轮转角约束自适应模型预测方法。首先建立车辆的动力学模型,然后通过计算得到轮胎纵向力,最终得到车辆的前轮转角。将车辆的状态量与前轮转角自适应约束条件输入给模型预测控制器,输出车辆的前轮转角,实现对参考路径的跟踪。在Carsim和MATLAB平台上联合仿真,仿真结果表明前轮转角约束自适应模型预测控制的车辆相比固定转角约束的车辆具有较好的跟踪能力和稳定性。     

模糊决策在铁路工程地基处理方案选择中的应用

针对软土地基处理方案的影响因素具有模糊性的特点，利用模糊数学的原理和方法，建立模糊综合判别模型，利用层次分析法确定评价因素的权重，对定性因素和定量因素作出一个总体的评估，并结合邯黄线实例进行验证分析，为优化地基处理方案提供了一种有效实用的方法。     

海上舷侧滚装过载装置的设计

现在大型油轮及液体运输船海上转载已经得到了广泛的应用,但车辆等滚装货物的海上转载并不多见.由于滚装转载时两船要有相对稳定的通道搭接,但受海流、海浪及风力等影响,两船间具有三维的空间运动,因此这种通道的设计难度较大,技术复杂.文章结合某项目的研制就滚装装载装置的设计作一介绍.