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寒区隧道的抗冻措施研究对隧道建设有重要意义,基于对流-导热耦合作用的非稳态传热有限差分计算模型,计算分析寒区隧道多年冻土和非冻土段外贴式及中隔式保温隔热层的保温隔热效果,并对寒区隧道纵向铺设保温隔热层后的抗冻效果展开研究。结果表明:1)在非冻土地层外贴式保温层保温效果较佳,在多年冻土地层中隔式隔热层隔热效果较佳,两者效果相差不大;2)受周期性入口风温的影响,隧道衬砌背后温度呈现周期性变化,变化幅度逐年递减。在材料、施工允许的前提下,建议采用外贴式保温隔热层;设计时,保温隔热层厚度应作经济技术比选。本文研究成果可供寒区隧道设计者与研究者参考。 相似文献
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为实时掌握基坑开挖过程中支护结构的变形情况,以宁波某地铁深基坑为依托,建立一套基于光纤光栅传感和光电成像技术的实时监测系统。介绍光纤光栅测量应变、光电式双向位移计测试墙顶水平位移和沉降的原理,并推导利用光纤光栅实测应变计算水平位移的公式。基坑开挖过程中,不同位移测试计算方法的成果对比分析结果表明: 光纤光栅传感技术测量墙体应变数据准确、可靠,计算的水平位移与测斜仪测得的水平位移一致,光电式双向位移计测试墙顶水平位移和沉降精度高于全站仪,可推广应用于基坑工程安全监测。 相似文献
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为探索台阶法在超大断面浅埋偏压隧道施工中的可行性,以蒙华铁路石岩岭隧道为研究对象,对台阶法和传统分部开挖法进行比选,提出三台阶临时仰拱+竖向支撑的开挖工法,并采用MIDAS有限元软件建立地层-结构模型,对施工各阶段隧道-围岩体系的应变-应力进行模拟分析,以判断开挖过程的结构风险。对台阶法施工过程中出现的拱顶沉降大、初期支护出现裂缝、爆破对软硬不均地段的影响和地表土体开裂等问题进行分析并提出相应的对策,现场实施效果表明:台阶法能满足石岩岭超大断面浅埋偏压隧道施工安全的要求,且具有施作技术简单、高效快捷的优点,可为类似工程施工提供参考。 相似文献
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为研究偏压荷载对箱型明洞结构受力影响,为该类明洞结构的设计提供理论依据,以某道路开孔箱型明洞工程为例,采用ANSYS有限元数值模拟方法进行计算分析,综合研究结果表明: 1)偏压回填箱型明洞靠山侧墙底部和外侧墙顶部受力较大,设计配筋时需要加强; 2)靠山侧墙背回填土侧压力对明洞结构受力影响较大,改善回填材料内摩擦角大小可以有效降低明洞结构内力,当内摩擦角增大到47°时最为经济; 3)可以通过在明洞洞顶回填EPE的方式减轻洞顶冲击荷载,降低明洞内力,最优回填厚度为0.9 m。 相似文献
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针对合肥某立交桥上跨既有盾构隧道工程,通过有限元数值模拟方法对单桩邻近隧道施工进行参数敏感性分析,并进一步研究立交桥单桥墩桩基础与双桥墩桩基础在施工及承载阶段对盾构隧道管片变形与内力的影响;通过对比分析2种立交桥跨越既有盾构隧道方式下的地表沉降、盾构隧道管片及铁轨变形,探讨2种跨越方式在工程应用中的优劣。研究结果表明: 1)单桩对邻近隧道结构的影响,随着桩长、桩径的增加而增大;随着桩隧净间距的增大而近似呈指数函数形式降低。2)当桩长与隧道埋深比值大于1时,增加桩长是减小隧道结构变形的有效途径。3)单桥墩桩基础施工阶段对盾构隧道的影响效应小于承载阶段,管片位移以沉降为主。承载阶段随着荷载的增加,横向轴力与弯矩在靠桩一侧拱腰位置变化最大,纵向轴力与弯矩在拱顶位置变化最大。4)双桥墩桩基施工及承受上部荷载时,较单桥墩而言同一管片处的沉降增大0.3 mm,水平向位移减小0.56 mm。经比较,中间无桩的跨越隧道方式更优。 相似文献
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The total length of the 2nd stage water transfer project in the northern area of Xinjiang of China is 540 km. The project consists of three tunnels, namely Xi Er (XE) Tunnel, Ka Shuang (KS) Tunnel and Shuang San (SS)〖HJ6.5mm〗 Tunnel, with lengths of 139.04 km, 283.27 km and 92.15 km respectively. All of these three tunnels have deep cover and are super long tunnels, and 95.6% of the total length of these three tunnels is constructed by TBMs. KS Tunnel is the longest water tunnel built or under construction in the world. In the paper, the trial TBM boring scheme and schedule of the water transfer project are introduced; the geological conditions revealed are statistically analyzed; and main project difficulties, i.e. durability of key equipment in long distance driving, passing through fault and fracture zones, water inrush, single head ventilation and transportation in long distance tunneling, anti slope drainage, and rock breaking efficiency and boring efficiency, are put forward. The adaptability of the TBMs used is analyzed from the aspects of adaptability to different surrounding rocks, adaptability to bad geological conditions and countermeasures, long distance ventilation and belt conveyor mucking and countermeasures, and TBM boring stability (such as equipment availability, boring time proportion, system malfunction and operation time). The following conclusions are obtained: (1) Accurate geological survey is the precondition of efficient tunneling. (2) The open type TBM can better adapt to Grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ of surrounding rocks, jointed and fractured zones and small faults; the adaptability of the TBMs used to the large scale fault fracture zones and water rich strata in this project is poor, and it needs to be improved in aspects of TBM equipment, supporting and construction technology. (3) The average availability of the TBM equipment in the trial boring stage is 89.9%, however, the malfunction rate of some ancillary equipment is high, particularly oil leakages occur to the main bearing seals; in order to achieve long distance tunneling, it is necessary to further improve the reliability and durability of the TBM equipment. (4) The average net boring efficiency in the trial boring stage is 296%, and TBM1 in Section Ⅱ of SS Tunnel achieves up to 45.2 % net boring efficiency; and highest monthly progress rate is 1 280 m, which created the highest record of the open type TBM boring in China. (5) TBM need to make great efforts to achieve 90% of the equipment system′s availability and over 40% of the tunneling efficiency. 相似文献
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为了分析地质因素对隧道围岩松动圈的影响,以重庆某深埋特长隧道为工程背景,根据该隧道埋深和围岩级别多变等特点,运用数值模拟、正交试验和现场实测相结合的方法,研究该隧道围岩松动圈产生、发展和分布的规律。结果表明: 该隧道围岩的内摩擦角和黏聚力与松动圈大小呈负相关关系,侧压系数和埋深与松动圈大小呈正相关关系,且内摩擦角和埋深是影响该隧道围岩松动圈大小的主要因素。依据研究结果,可以确定该隧道不同地质条件下的围岩松动圈分布情况,及时优化支护参数,以指导隧道安全高效地施工。 相似文献
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受隧道施工复杂环境的影响,地质雷达在超前地质预报中经常遇到各种干扰信号,会对不良地质体探测和预报的准确性造成影响。采用现场实测的方法对隧道地质雷达探测过程中掌子面附近台车等金属物体、探测表面凹凸不平、电缆与输电线路、测线表面金属或非金属干扰物、探测区积水积泥以及底板测线附近金属物体等常见干扰因素进行分析,研究其在雷达处理图像上的表现特征与识别方法,并从相对介电常数取值、直达波拾取、天线移动、测线里程标记、增益调节和数据处理等方面讨论减少或消除干扰因素的措施。研究成果有利于提高地质雷达在隧道超前预报中的准确性,并对类似工程具有一定的参考和借鉴意义。 相似文献