山区受灾桥梁病害成因分析及加固技术研究

以山区某互通匝道桥为工程背景，研究存在固结墩的弯曲桥梁在山体滑坡作用下的病害问题，确定山体滑坡对桥梁破坏的机理，并提出有效的加固方案。结果表明，第三联桥梁结构绕5号桥墩发生了逆时针转动；3号、4号、6号桥墩的内侧墩柱顶部的横向位移更大，6号桥墩顶部横向位移为曲线内侧方向，3号、4号桥墩顶部横向位移为曲线外侧方向。结合现场检测及计算结果，对原墩柱施加强制位移量，反算边坡失稳后传递到各个墩柱上的推力大小和方向，将各个墩柱所受的推力进行矢量叠加，确定边坡失稳所产生的推力大小及方向，计算结果与实际破坏力基本一致。滑坡体上的桥梁结构破坏，一方面是由于连续降雨致使土体松动，不足抵抗下滑力；另一方面是由于新建桥梁时滑坡体稳定性较差，设置的抗滑桩不能有效地抑制滑坡体滑动。     

钢筋混凝土连续箱梁病害分析及加固措施

普通钢筋混凝土连续箱梁桥在运营过程中,常出现跨中截面底板下缘和支点截面项板上缘横向开裂的问题。以深圳梅观高速公路一座普通钢筋混凝土箱梁的加固为依托工程,依据检测结论和结构计算,对此类桥梁病害成因进行分析,采取体外预应力加固措施,为同类型桥梁加固工程提供参考。     

Evolving mechanism of eutectic carbide in as-cast AISI M2 high-speed steel at elevated temperature

AbstractThe evolution in type,size and shape of carbides in as-cast American Iron and Steel Institute(AISI) M2 high-speed steel before and after annealing were investigated.The micromechanism which was responsible for those changes was also analyzed and discussed.At the initial stage of reheating,metastable M2C-type carbide decomposed continuously.M6C-type carbide nucleated at the interface of M2C/γfirstly and grow from surface to center.Then MC-type carbide nucleated at both surface of M6C/M6C and inner of M6C.With the increasing decomposition of the metastable M2C-type carbide,the rod-shaped construction of eutectic carbide began necking,fracturing and spheroidizing gradually.Held enough time or reheated at higher temperature,particle-shaped product aggregated and grew up apparently,while secondary carbide precipitated in cell and grew up less sig- nificantly than the former.Based on the above microstructural observation,the thermodynamic mechanism for decomposition of M2C carbide,for spheroidization of products,and for the growth of particles were analyzed.The rate equations of carbides evolution were derived,too.It shows that the evolving rate is controlled by diffusion coefficients of alloy atoms,morphology of eutectic carbides and heating temperature.