基于扭转刚度的电池包与车身集成设计研究

白车身扭转刚度是承载式车身的重要力学性能指标,对整车操稳性有着直接的影响,同时也是衡量车身轻量化水平的重要指标。由于新一代的纯电车身与传统车身有较大的结构框架差异,因此在车身设计初期,以提升扭转刚度为目标重新定义传力路径。本文基于理论分析及拓扑优化的方法找寻车身扭转刚度的最佳传力路径,通过电池包与车身的集成设计,使得车身形成多个近似圆环状的封闭结构。在车身没有增加额外质量的前提下,白车身扭转刚度可达到40 000 N·m/（°）,车身轻量化系数达到1.75,做到纯电车的领先水平,同时使得整车操稳性能也大幅提升。     

基于频域分解法正交模态分离的阻尼比识别研究

频域分解法是一种频域模态参数识别方法,因其操作简单、抗噪声能力强而被广泛使用。虽然频域分解法对于振型和固有频率有着较高的识别精度,但是对于阻尼比的识别精度不够高,其原因是在多自由度结构下,求解阻尼比需要将固有频率窄带范围内的最大奇异值数据傅里叶逆变换到时域,并通过对数衰减法求解阻尼比,而窄带范围的数据很可能会受到其他阶模态的干扰,进而影响阻尼比的识别。因此提出了正交模态分离频域分解法识别结构的阻尼比。首先,通过结构响应计算出结构的输出功率谱矩阵,并使用频域分解法识别结构各阶固有频率和振型;然后,将识别出的固有频率和振型代入计算公式,使用振型正交等方法将各阶模态分离,并计算出各阶模态的增强输出功率谱函数,通过增强功率谱在频域计算出结构各阶的阻尼比;最后,在数值算例中对比了频域分解法以及正交模态分离频域分解法的阻尼比识别结果,并将理论应用于实桥的测试中,计算出该桥梁的前4阶阻尼比。结果表明：该方法可以将多阶输出功率谱矩阵分离成多个单阶的增强输出功率谱函数,并且通过分析增强输出功率谱函数的曲线直接在频域计算出结构的阻尼比,避免了在阻尼比识别中不同模态的相互干扰以及频时域转化带来的影响,提高了...     

公铁货流转移下铁路车流径路与列车编组计划联合优化

促进更多货流从公路转移到铁路是实现“双碳”目标的重要路径之一,也是推动铁路高质量发展的关键举措。鉴于此,本文以公铁货流转移量、铁路车流径路选择及编组去向等为主要决策变量,以公铁两网物流总成本极小化为目标,构建公铁货流转移量与铁路车流径路及列车编组计划联合优化模型,实现“公转铁”货流全过程、多阶段运输费用的数学表达,得到系统优化的OD间公铁货流转移量、车流走行径路和改编站点。针对模型的非线性特征,引入辅助0-1变量进行线性化,将其转化为混合整数线性规划模型,为验证模型有效性设计算例,借助数学规划优化器GUROBI进行求解。结果表明,模型可为公铁货流转移方案配置合理的接驳路径和列车编组方案;相较于既有研究,本文构建模型考虑了公铁两端的接驳转运费用和铁路车流集结与改编费用,使得“公转铁”物流总成本增加了约23.06%,转移货流量降低了约4.91%,更准确地描述了公铁货流转移过程,为制定“公转铁”运输方案和组织措施提供一定的理论依据。     

软土地层冻结加固工程塑料管冻结壁形成规律及影响因素研究

针对地铁隧道盾构进出洞冻结加固工程中,盾构机刀盘无法切割土体中钢制冻结管的难题,提出采用塑料管作为冻结管,以实现直接切割.为获得塑料管冻结时的冻结壁发展规律,采用实体物理模型试验与有限元模型分析相结合的方法进行研究.将模拟计算数据与实体物理模型试验数据进行对比,验证了有限元计算模型的准确性;基于该模型,研究不同因素对冻结壁的影响规律.研究结果表明:PVC(聚氯乙烯)管冻结时的冻结壁发展速度约为钢管冻结时的0.85倍;PVC管冻结时,管径与初始地温对冻结壁发展速度有一定影响,冻结壁发展速度随管径增大而线性增快,随初始地温上升而线性降低;PVC管冻结时,盐水温度对冻结壁发展速度影响较为明显,两者之间近似呈线性关系,盐水温度每降低5℃,冻结壁发展速度增快6.2 mm/d.     

东营市中心城区断头路分布、成因及对策研究

城市断头路的存在严重影响市民的出行,阻碍道路微循环,制约城市路网功能.东营市中心城区域内断头路较多,成因多样,主要分为T型路、未贯通路和变径路,严重制约城市交通发展.贯通断头路是促进东营市城市道路微循环、加快城市高质量发展的必要举措.研究成果对断头路研究提供东营经验具有重要的现实意义.     

破冰船结构冰致疲劳计算方法

针对破冰船冰致疲劳强度的问题,提出一种基于长时历计算的船冰碰撞模拟方法,通过船冰碰撞有限元模拟筛选出疲劳热点,运用雨流计数法对各个疲劳热点的应力时历曲线进行统计,得出应力循环下的均值和范围,进行平均应力修正,结合Miner线性累积损伤理论给出在设计寿命周期内的总损伤.结果表明:采用周期性介质分析方法计算到600s时破冰船应力时历统计特性已经稳定,且满足Weibull分布;船冰碰撞所造成的高应力结构多发生在船体外板区域,进行破冰船疲劳强度校核时应该多着重考虑船体结构与海冰发生碰撞的外板区域.     

克令吊起升系统典型液压故障分析

文章以设备说明书和技术通函为理论依据,结合笔者多年的克令吊实际管理经验,以IHI H300160-300型克令吊为例,介绍了船用克令吊起升(俗称钩头)系统的典型液压故障,给出了分析处理液压问题的处理思路,总结出了非常实用的液压故障排查方法和经验。     

Comparison between North-South Aid and South-South Cooperation: Based on the analysis of the new development finance institutions

According to the different players, development cooperation is often divided into North-South Aid and South-South Cooperation, both of which have a history of several decades. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the rise of a number of emerging economies has brought South-South Cooperation into a new stage, which can be seen from the establishment of some new development finance institutions led by developing countries. BRICS Bank, Asia Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and Silk Road Fund are three important new development finance institutions. Compared with the traditional development finance institutions like World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF), they have their own concepts of development cooperation, which are different from the traditional ones. First, the new finance institutions pay more attention to the equality between partners, not imposing conditions and respecting the ownership of development partners. Second, the new development finance institutions value the market philosophy, which means that they emphasize the importance of field investigation and implement development cooperation in accordance with the actual needs of the partners and the comparative advantages of the providers. Finally, the new development finance institutions focus their resources on problem-solving and avoid doctrines-imposing. They believe that it is easier for the developing countries to achieve development through a gradual and bottom-up model. Although there are differences between the traditional and new development finance institutions, the latter is not parallel to or substitute of the former. They can cooperate with each other and provide better public goods for international cooperation through inclusive competition.     

Efficient Dynamic Threshold Group Signature Scheme Based on Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem

The short secret key characteristic of elliptic curve cryptosystem （ECC） are integrated with the （ t, n ） threshold method to create a practical threshold group signature scheme characterized by simultaneous signing. The scheme not only meets the requirements of anonymity and traceability of group signature but also can withstand Tseng and Wang＇s conspiracy attack. It allows the group manager to add new members and delete old members according to actual application, while the system parameters have a little change. Cryptanalysis result shows that the scheme is efficient and secure.