具有惯性表面的两层流体的柯西-泊松问题(英文)

This paper is concerned with the generation of waves due to initial disturbances at the upper surface of a two-layer fluid, as the upper layer is covered by an inertial surface and the lower layer extends infinitely downwards. The inertial surface is composed of thin but uniform distribution of non-interacting material. In the mathematical analysis, the Fourier and Laplace transform techniques have been utilized to obtain the depressions of the inertial surface and the interface in the form of infinite integrals. For initial disturbances concentrated at a point, the inertial surface depression and the interface depression are evaluated asymptotically for large time and distance by using the method of stationary phase. They are also depicted graphically for two types of initial disturbances and appropriate conclusions are made.     

矩形槽道采用不同冷却介质的传热与阻力特性分析(英文)

Several industrial applications such as electronic devices,heat exchangers,gas turbine blades,etc.need cooling processes.The internal cooling technique is proper for some applications.In the present work,computational simulations were made using ANSYS CFX to predict the improvements of internal heat transfer in the rectangular ribbed channel using different coolants.Several coolants such as air,steam,air/mist and steam/mist were investigated.The shear stress transport model(SST)is selected by comparing the standard k-ωand Omega Reynolds Stress(ωRS)turbulence models with experimental results.The results indicate that the heat transfer coefficients are enhanced in the ribbed channel while injecting small amounts of mist.The heat transfer coefficients of air/mist,steam and steam/mist increase by 12.5%,49.5%and 107%over that of air,respectively.Furthermore,in comparison to air,the air/mist heat transfer coefficient enhances by about 1.05 to 1.14 times when the mist mass fraction increases from 2%to 8%,respectively.The steam/mist heat transfer coefficient increases by about 1.12 to 1.27 times higher than that of steam over the considered range of mist mass fraction.     

污垢组合对印度玛纳尔湾水域低碳钢腐蚀行为的影响研究(英文)

Corrosion behaviour and biofouling characteristics of mild steel in three different coastal locations in the Gulf of Mannar,India have been studied over a period of 24 months.Oyster fouling was predominant at Open sea-Tuticorin,while barnacle fouling was dominant at both Mandapam and Harbour-Tuticorin.The rate of corrosion for 24 months exposure period was highest at Mandapam,where fouling was minimal.The surface of the mild steel was characterized by etchings&crevices beneath the hard foulers attached on it,at all the test locations.The depth of crevice caused by hard foulers was higher at Open sea-Tuticorin followed by Harbour-Tuticorin and Mandapam.The loss in ultimate tensile strength was more in Open sea-Tuticorin than the other two locations.Corrosion behaviour of mild steel is discussed based on the variation in the biofouling assemblage at the three test locations.     

俄罗斯内燃机车用冷却装置的选型探讨

文章从结构、效率、装车应用等方面对俄罗斯两种常见的冷却装置——吸收式及压缩式——进行了对比,对二者的优劣势进行了分析,得出吸收式冷却装置更适用于俄内燃机车、动车的结论.     

沥青密封胶与骨料接触面加压鼓泡试验的研发

尽管路面中裂缝不可避免,但裂缝密封能有效防止水和碎渣进入路面结构,从而保持路面的完整性,延长路面使用寿命.裂缝密封是一种很有效的预防性养护方法,但前提是需要选择合适的密封胶以及恰当的应用方法.该文开发了基于性能选择热灌沥青密封胶的方法.所开发的加压鼓泡试验是通过在粘结剂和被粘物间接触加压,从而破坏原接触面结合.在剥离之前及剥离阶段通常采用承压大小和粘结剂的变形来计算界面断裂能.文中介绍了所采用的试验装置和试验步骤,探讨了几种热灌沥青密封胶粘附到铝、石灰石、硅岩、花岗岩的粘附力.     

汽车涡轮增压器压气机噪声的计算气动声学模拟

汽油机领域增压技术(Eco-Boost)的问世为技术人员带来新的挑战。挑战之一是在非设计工况下,进入涡轮增压器的气流会产生气流噪声。在某些运行工况下,当进气质量流量和压比达到某一数值时,压气机叶轮表面气体分流会产生宽频噪声,被称为"啸叫"噪声。可以用增压器吹风试验和发动机台架试验来检测这种气体流动噪声。为了开发一种有效的设计,有必要了解这种噪声产生的基本机理。介绍为研究进气条件对啸叫噪声的影响而进行的计算气动声学分析,包括整个压气机叶轮和涡壳在内的三维计算流体动力学模拟。该增压器叶轮由6个主要叶片和6个分流叶片组成。基于计算机辅助工程的结果,提出一种压气机引导边缘入口台阶与进口导向叶片(或旋转叶片)组合的方案,以降低啸叫噪声,并通过试验证实这种创新设计的有效性。     

压缩天然气发动机用气门和气门座圈的开发

气门座圈和气门对内燃机的性能、排放和可靠性起着重要作用。这些零件失效会导致内燃机性能恶化。由于压缩天然气(CNG)发动机的燃烧环境干燥,工作温度较高,会对气门座圈和气门的寿命产生不利的影响。Greaves cotton公司开发了1台由柴油机改制的单缸水冷气道喷射CNG发动机。开发中遇到的主要挑战是气门座圈和气门的磨损。为了避免故障,在座圈材料适应性、座面锥角、座面宽度、气门头部刚度、座圈与气门的同轴度和气门落座速度几方面进行了设计改进。通过修改设计成功地解决了气门和气门座圈的磨损问题,并通过发动机台架试验和车辆试验得到了验证。     

Acura RLX轿车用新型V6 3.5 L汽油机的开发

本田公司应用最新的动力总成技术“地球梦科技”,开发了1款3.5 L V6汽油机。该发动机的总体设计目标是降低二氧化碳排放,并向客户提供驾驶乐趣。“地球梦科技”的理念旨在降低排放的同时改善燃油经济性。为达到这一目标,并为用户提供驾驶乐趣,采用了三级可变气门正时及升程电控技术和可变气缸管理系统。将这种配气机构技术与缸内直接喷射技术相结合,可提升3.3%的功率,并降低燃油耗20%。为满足中型豪华轿车对噪声及振动水平的要求,开发了新型发动机悬置系统,以改善3缸运行模式的发动机振动。阐述了带可变气缸管理系统及缸内直接喷射系统的三级可变气门正时及升程电控技术、减摩技术,以及新型发动机悬置系统的结构及优势。     

发动机颗粒排放和再生频率对汽油机颗粒捕集器效率的影响

汽油机颗粒捕集器(GPF)是1种重要的排放后处理系统,能使汽油缸内直喷(GDI)发动机达到现行的排放标准。现行标准规定的非挥发性颗粒物直径大于23.0nm。然而,随着排放法规的逐渐严格,GPF过滤效率需要进一步提高,并且可能会对直径低至10.0nm的非挥发性颗粒物排放进行限制。GPF过滤效率取决于在发动机运行期间聚集在GPF上的炭烟量。在车辆运行期间,当排气温度足够高且含有足够的氧气时,GPF通常是“被动”再生的。研究了发动机废气颗粒数排放(PN)和GPF再生频率对GPF过滤效率的影响。采用2种GPF技术,分别在2台发动机台架上进行了测试,并匹配2台量产车在转毂台架上进行了测试。试验发动机颗粒物排放数量分布的带宽很广,几乎达到1个数量级,更具实际排放代表性。GPF的过滤效率通过符合规定的颗粒数系统(非挥发性颗粒直径大于23.0nm、下限为2.5nm)的粒子计数器,以及差分迁移率光谱仪进行测量计算获得。结果显示,GPF有规律地达到可再生的条件,并且GPF的平均驾驶循环过滤效率高度依赖于发动机颗粒物排放量;当发动机颗粒物排放量增加约1个数量级时,GPF的过滤效率显著提高。研究表明,根据发动机颗粒物排放量选择合适的GPF技术非常重要。