浅论民用船舶设计阶段和项目的划分

民用船舶从洽谈合同到交船使用的全过程可以分为承接业务过程,设计过程,生产制造过程,使用服务过程。设计过程既是一个独立的工作过程,又是和其他工作阶段有着密切联系的基础性工作,贯穿于全过程。而设计过程的     

公路工程中多资源受限时工期最短优化问题分析

通过对传统的单资源受限时工期优化问题的分析，找出其不足之处，给出了改进方法和措施，建立了数学优化公式，为编程求解提供了方便。最后，通过一个工程实例，给出了详细的求解步骤。     

节能新成果：组合式活塞环

该成果在中国摩托车天津监督检验所的《检验报告》中结论:“通过性能试验证明该专利产品在 CJ50型汽油机上应用效果显著,其功率提高7.14％,扭矩提高3.98％,油耗下降9.55％,并且其摩擦损失小,同     

全流定容采样系统实际稀释系数

本文简述了全流稀释定容采样系统(即CVS系统)以及车载排放测试系统(即PEMS系统)排气流量计的计算原理,并以某柴油车为例分析了全流定容采样系统理论计算稀释系数与实际稀释系数存在较大差异,同时使用实际稀释系数校正排放测试数据并讨论研究稀释系数的控制因素。     

在不同锌盐胁迫下玉米和大豆对锌的富集作用研究

通过土培盆栽实验研究了在不同溶解度锌盐(锌粒、硫酸锌、乙酸锌)胁迫下,玉米(Zea mays L.)不同组织部位对锌的吸收富集作用,以及螯合剂EDTA对玉米吸收富集锌的影响;并通过玉米、大豆(Glycine max L.)混种实验研究了玉米和大豆对锌的竞争吸收能力.研究结果表明:锌盐的溶解度及土壤溶液中水溶交换态锌的量决定了锌的植物有效性;螯合剂EDTA对玉米吸收富集锌有很强的促进作用;在玉米、大豆套种农艺措施中,与大豆相比,玉米显示了更强的吸收转运锌的能力.     

地铁施工横通道转区间正线处下穿既有建筑沉降控制研究

以某城市地铁施工横通道转区间隧道正线马头门处下穿既有建筑物情况为例,从群洞施工工序对建筑物沉降影响的角度考虑,采用有限差分数值软件FLAC3D对不同开洞施工工况进行三维数值模拟,分析围岩变形情况,得出在横通道向区间马头门开洞施工时,必须单个逐一开洞施工至房屋基础外15 m以上,并在开洞马头门处增加有效加固措施,以保证既有建筑在地铁施工过程中的安全.     

路基施工质量控制要点

路基作为道路的基础,在公路工程中起着重要作用。由于它是工程设计蓝图与原地质地貌直接结合部．受自然环境影响因素较多．施工难度较大,并且施工工期较长．工程造价占总造价的比例相对较少,因此路基工程施工经济效益相对较差。     

Application of particle swarm algorithm in the optimal allocation of regional water resources based on immune evolutionary algorithm

The optimal allocation model of regional water resources is built with the purpose of maximizing the comprehensive economic,social and environmental benefits of regional water consumption.In order to solve the problems that easily appear during the model solution of regional water resource optimal allocation with multiple water sources,multiple users and multiple objectives like＂curse of dimensionality＂or sinking into local optimum,this paper proposes a particle swarm optimization（PSO）algorithm based on immune evolutionary algorithm（IEA）.This algorithm introduces immunology principle into particle swarm algorithm.Its immune memorizing and self-adjusting mechanism is utilized to keep the particles in the fitness level at a certain concentration and guarantee the diversity of population.Also,the global search characteristics of IEA and the local search capacity of particle swarm algorithm have been fully utilized to overcome the dependence of PSO on initial swarm and the deficiency of vulnerability to local optimum.After applying this model to the allocation of water resources in Zhoukou,we obtain the scheme for optimization allocation of water resources in the planning level years,i.e.2015and 2025 under the guarantee rate of 50%.The calculation results indicate that the application of this algorithm to solve the issue of optimal allocation of regional water resources is reliable and reasonable.Thus it ofers a new idea for solving the issue of optimal allocation of water resources.     

FWD和承载板在路基强度检测中的对比分析

在路基顶面采用定点测试的方式,分别进行了落锤式弯沉仪（FWD）测试和承载板测试,并根据测得的弯沉反演得到路基模量,对弯沉与反算模量进行分析,FWD在精度、稳定性和检测效率方面优于承载板法,FWD法与承载板法测得的路面弯沉值以及反算模量值存在较好的线性关系,为FWD在工程上的应用提供了理论依据。     

Friction and cutting properties of hot-filament chemical vapor deposition micro- and fine-grained diamond coated silicon nitride inserts

The micro-crystalline diamond (MCD) and fine-grained diamond (FGD) films are deposited on commercial silicon nitride inserts by the hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) method. The friction and cutting properties of as-deposited MCD and FGD films coated silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) inserts are comparatively investigated in this study. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy are adopted to study the characterization of the deposited diamond films. The friction tests are conducted on a ball-on-plate type reciprocating friction tester in ambient air using Co-cemented tungsten carbide (WC-Co), Si₃N₄ and ball-bearing steel (BBS) balls as the mating materials of the diamond films. For sliding against WC-Co, Si₃N₄ and BBS, the FGD film presents lower friction coefficients than the MCD film. However, after sliding against Si₃N₄, the FGD film is subject to more severe wear than the MCD film. The cutting performance of as-deposited MCD and FGD coated Si₃N₄ inserts is examined in dry turning glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) composite materials, comparing with the uncoated Si₃N₄ insert. The results indicate that the lifetime of Si₃N₄ inserts can be prolonged by depositing the MCD or FGD film on them and the FGD coated insert shows longer cutting lifetime than the MCD coated one.