基于双层规划模型的地下综合管廊PPP项目入廊定价研究

为解决地下综合管廊项目PPP模式运作过程中存在的入廊定价难的突出问题,首先,基于现阶段入廊价格管制的需要以及各参与方在入廊定价决策过程中的主从递阶结构特点,决定利用双层规划模型研究PPP模式下地下综合管廊项目的入廊定价问题,将政府方作为定价决策的上层,社会资本方和管线单位作为决策的下层,建立政府、社会资本方与管线单位分别以社会福利最大化、预期收益最大化和保留效用最大化为目标的双层规划模型,以期求解得到令三方满意的入廊费、日常维护费与补贴额度。然后,以延安市地下综合管廊PPP项目为例,检验模型与求解方法的可行性。最后,基于研究结论提出加强顶层设计、强化价格监管、建立动态调价机制的合理化建议。     

斜井盾构推进系统的栽头调整能力研究

为降低斜井掘进过程中盾构推进系统在栽头调整上存在的主观性与不确定性,从地基沉降量的角度入手,提出栽头的沉降量描述,并基于温克尔弹性地基模型,建立斜井盾构栽头的沉降量描述模型。然后结合载荷对于栽头调整的影响,进一步建立用于描述斜井盾构推进系统栽头调整能力的数学模型,并给出其上下限值的计算条件。基于栽头调整能力的数学模型,以内蒙古新街台格庙煤矿斜井工程为背景,研究隧道设计坡角变化对栽头调整能力的影响。结果表明： 1）随着下坡角度不断增大,推进系统的栽头调整能力的上下限不断下降; 2）随着下坡角度不断增大,盾构下滑力的迅速增长是造成推进系统栽头调整能力不断下降的主要原因。     

天津地铁6号线双线平行盾构隧道施工间隔对地表土体变形影响研究

研究双线盾构隧道在不同施工间隔下施工时地表的变形规律,对控制地表整体变形及不均匀变形十分重要。依托天津地铁6号线双线盾构隧道下穿天津西站站场实际工程实例,以铁路线设施的关键变形控制指标为评判依据,研究盾构左右线不同施工间隔下的地表变形分布特性,对比分析间隔距离与地表沉降和不均匀沉降的关系,为双线盾构隧道工程选择合适的施工间隔提供依据,以保证工程安全及地表铁路设施的正常运行。结果表明,不同施工间隔的影响主要表现为掘进过程对地表土体变形的扰动程度及扰动范围的明显差异:对于地表沉降变形而言,施工间隔越小,掌子面处地表土体沉降越快,且左线完全先行时,地表土体的纵向变形范围约为20 m,相较两洞同时施工时变形范围减小约25 m;对于地表不均匀变形而言,左线完全先行施工条件下,地表轨向变形、水平变形、轨距变形最大分别约为1、0.6、0.2 mm,相较两洞同时施工时分别减小0.8、0.2、0.15 mm。因此,对于双线盾构隧道而言,两洞同时施工时最不利于地表变形的控制,而一条隧道完全先行掘进的方案最有利于地表变形的控制。     

浅埋偏压小净距隧道开挖顺序研究

采用改进的有限元强度折减法计算某浅埋偏压小净距隧道2种开挖方式在各个施工阶段的安全系数大小.比较这些安全系数,找到2种开挖方式在整个开挖过程中最容易产生破坏的施工步,得出浅埋偏压小净距隧道先开挖深埋侧可避免出现较危险的施工状态这一结论,希望对研究对类似工程的施工具有一定的指导意义.     

有、无柱地铁地下车站地震响应对比分析

为了解有柱与无柱地铁地下车站结构地震响应特性的异同,采用ABAQUS软件对2种地铁车站结构进行了水平向的非线性地震响应数值模拟,对比分析了在3种地震波不同峰值加速度作用下2种结构的响应特性。结果表明:1)2种车站结构的地震响应规律基本相似,在强震作用下均会受到严重的损伤,除侧墙与顶底板的连接处外,有柱车站的中柱与无柱车站的底板均为抗震的薄弱点,应注重加强其抗震性能;2)顶底板间最大的相对水平位移与输入波峰值加速度近似呈线性增大关系,且与波的频谱特性密切相关;3)在地震作用过程中产生的单向累积残余变形沿侧墙高度的变化曲线呈波浪状,最终摆向与最大摆幅的摆向一致;4)2种车站结构的加速度时程曲线形状相似,且相对基岩输入波有明显的放大。     

TBM拆卸洞及拆机起重系统优化设计研究

TBM洞内拆机一般是在隧道内修建大断面拆卸洞,安装桥式起重机拆机。大断面拆卸洞施工难度较大,施工工期长,成本投入大。为了缩短TBM拆卸洞施工及拆机时间,减小施工难度,以南疆铁路吐库二线中天山隧道TBM拆机为例,研究设计适应性更好的小车式电动葫芦+倒链起重系统。该系统采取在隧道拱顶布设锚杆来固定导轨和独立吊点。通过对拆卸洞结构原设计方案与优化设计方案进行比选,确定优化断面的结构形式和断面尺寸,优化后拆卸洞断面缩小1/3,施工难度降低,达到安全快速拆卸TBM的目的。     

Analysis of Adaptability of TBM in Trial Boring Stage of Super long Tunnel（超特长隧洞TBM集群试掘进阶段适应性分析）

The total length of the 2nd stage water transfer project in the northern area of Xinjiang of China is 540 km. The project consists of three tunnels, namely Xi Er (XE) Tunnel, Ka Shuang (KS) Tunnel and Shuang San (SS)〖HJ6.5mm〗 Tunnel, with lengths of 139.04 km, 283.27 km and 92.15 km respectively. All of these three tunnels have deep cover and are super long tunnels, and 95.6% of the total length of these three tunnels is constructed by TBMs. KS Tunnel is the longest water tunnel built or under construction in the world. In the paper, the trial TBM boring scheme and schedule of the water transfer project are introduced; the geological conditions revealed are statistically analyzed; and main project difficulties, i.e. durability of key equipment in long distance driving, passing through fault and fracture zones, water inrush, single head ventilation and transportation in long distance tunneling, anti slope drainage, and rock breaking efficiency and boring efficiency, are put forward. The adaptability of the TBMs used is analyzed from the aspects of adaptability to different surrounding rocks, adaptability to bad geological conditions and countermeasures, long distance ventilation and belt conveyor mucking and countermeasures, and TBM boring stability (such as equipment availability, boring time proportion, system malfunction and operation time). The following conclusions are obtained: (1) Accurate geological survey is the precondition of efficient tunneling. (2) The open type TBM can better adapt to Grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ of surrounding rocks, jointed and fractured zones and small faults; the adaptability of the TBMs used to the large scale fault fracture zones and water rich strata in this project is poor, and it needs to be improved in aspects of TBM equipment, supporting and construction technology. (3) The average availability of the TBM equipment in the trial boring stage is 89.9%, however, the malfunction rate of some ancillary equipment is high, particularly oil leakages occur to the main bearing seals; in order to achieve long distance tunneling, it is necessary to further improve the reliability and durability of the TBM equipment. (4) The average net boring efficiency in the trial boring stage is 296%, and TBM1 in Section Ⅱ of SS Tunnel achieves up to 45.2 % net boring efficiency; and highest monthly progress rate is 1 280 m, which created the highest record of the open type TBM boring in China. (5) TBM need to make great efforts to achieve 90% of the equipment system′s availability and over 40% of the tunneling efficiency.