华蓥山公路隧道运营通风方案优化研究

为达到节约投资、降低竖井施工安全风险和结构安全风险的目的,对南大梁高速公路华蓥山隧道运营通风方案进行优化研究。以交通运输部新颁布的规范为立足点,对按照新老规范设计的运营通风方案进行比较,结果表明:近8.2 km长的华蓥山隧道可由2座竖井分2区段送排式通风调整为左洞全射流纵向式通风、右洞1座竖井分2区段送排式通风,竖井兼作左右洞排烟通道。优化后的运营通风系统配置风机总功率减少1 176 k W(23.1%),近、中、远期稀释污染物时开启风机功率分别降低2 290 k W(60.7%)、2 512 k W(66.6%)和1 892 k W(45.9%)。     

盾构隧道管片混凝土-加固体界面高温后拉伸性能试验

借助火灾试验,对盾构隧道管片混凝土-加固体界面经历高温后的拉伸性能进行研究。试验温度等级为50、100、200、250、300℃,试验测试高温后盾构隧道管片混凝土-加固体界面的破坏形式、荷载-位移关系及温度-破坏荷载。试验结果表明:1)高温后混凝土-加固体界面拉伸破坏形式分为Ⅰ型破坏和Ⅱ型破坏2种,较低温度(20、50、100、200℃)下主要发生Ⅰ型破坏,较高温度(250℃和300℃)下主要发生Ⅱ型破坏。2)混凝土-加固体界面的抗拉刚度随温度升高而降低,在较低温度和较高温度下,影响混凝土-复合腔体界面抗拉强度的主要因素分别是混凝土的抗拉强度和混凝土-复合腔体粘结界面的抗拉刚度。     

寒区隧道洞口衬砌开裂和道床冰害原因分析及整治

为解决寒冷地区隧道内部产生的冰害问题,以东北地区某铁路隧道为例,采用综合分析的方法,对案例隧道洞口衬砌开裂、渗水以及道床冰害产生的原因进行研究,并提出相应的整治措施。研究结果表明:1)隧道洞口围岩衬砌开裂主要由围岩冻胀力引起,采用喷涂保温层+防火砂浆的保温措施以及锚杆补强和裂缝嵌补的结构措施可以有效避免衬砌的开裂;2)引起道床冰害的洞内水主要来源于洞口路堑的积雪融化水和仰拱局部渗水,采用双侧水沟布设电加热设施、洞口道床底部设置小型挡水坝并加设横向电加热设施和进口路堑位置及路堤零填段设置挡雪设施的措施可以有效解决道床冰害问题。     

城市地下综合管廊项目PPP模式选择

为了从众多PPP模式中识别出与综合管廊项目特征最匹配的模式,以保障综合管廊PPP项目顺利运行,首先,分析综合管廊项目特点和PPP模式特征,初步识别出7种适用于建设综合管廊的PPP模式以简化筛选过程;其次,建立影响模式选择的评价指标体系,运用OWA算子赋权计算指标权重;最后,引入可拓物元,量化PPP模式关于各指标的私有化程度,运用关联函数确定每种PPP模式对于综合管廊项目的适用程度。西安市地下综合管廊项目PPP模式选择的实证案例,验证了该方法的科学性和可操作性。     

南宁地铁2号线盾构选型设计与适应性分析

盾构的选型与设计对地铁区间盾构施工具有重要意义,其选型的合适与否直接影响到盾构施工的成败。针对南宁地铁2号线所遇到的黏土层、硬岩层、夹杂碎石砂砾层、上软下硬地层及岩溶地层等多种地层相结合的特殊复杂地质条件,提出盾构选型总体要求,开展对盾构动力设备、刀盘、刀具等关键部位的选型研究,同时优化防泥饼、螺旋输送机、小倾角皮带机和同步注浆设计方案以及地质加固方案。通过实际掘进参数和地表沉降数据分析,结果表明盾构设备选型及优化设计方案对南宁地区特殊复杂地质条件适应性良好。     

Distribution Laws of Fire Temperature Fields in Immersed Tunnel: A Case Study of Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge Immersed Tunnel Project（沉管隧道火灾温度场分布规律研究——以港珠澳大桥沉管隧道为例）

The large testing platform for immersed tunnel is established to analyze the distribution laws of the temperature field and its influencing factors when a tunnel fire breaks out. Meanwhile, the combination method of physical testing (1∶1 full scale fire test) and numerical calculation FDS are applied. Some conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) Longitudinal wind speed within limits can decrease the maximum temperature of tunnel crown top effectively when fire breaks out in tunnel. (2) The maximum temperature of tunnel crown top and fire behavior are related to fire types obviously. (3) The high temperature resistance safe position of the tunnel equipment is below 3.5 m of tunnel sidewall in case of fire source heat quantity of 50 MW. (4) The fire maximum temperature is positively related to heat release rate (HRR) and longitudinal wind speed.     

General Design of Shenzhen Zhongshan River crossing Link Project（深圳至中山跨江通道工程总体设计）

Shenzhen Zhongshan River crossing Link is the first super integrated project in the world that consists of four different types of structures, i.e. ultra long and wide immersed tunnels, super large span sea crossing bridges, deep water artificial islands and undersea interchanges. The river crossing is designed for two way and 8 lane as per highway technical standards. Based on project characteristics and its technical difficulties, engineering solutions and the associated technology innovations have been listed as follows: (1) Proposed a design concept of standardization, industrialization, intelligence and project integration, and completed the study of overall design of Shenzhen Zhongshan River Crossing Link. An immersed tunnel with a combined steel shell and concrete composite structure is designed and the width of tunnel elements is from 46 to 55.5 m; Lingdingyang Bridge has been designed as a suspension bridge with a 1 666 m main span and two 270 m high main bridge towers. For West Island, a temporary enclosure caisson structure made of ultra large steel cylinders with a diameter of 28 m is designed to achieve a rapid artificial island formation. (2) Summarized the design and construction solutions related to combined steel shell and concrete structural immersed tunnel, the mix design, batching and concrete casting methods of high strength self compacting fluidized concrete, concrete quality check and inspection, design and construction of deep cement mixed (DCM) pile foundation for immersed tunnels, design and construction of large scale undersea dimensional transport interchange, flutter and wind stability design for super large span suspension bridge with monobox girders, and key techniques related to design and construction of offshore anchorage in deep sea. Furthermore, an equipment is developed and innovated for not only transport, also for installation of immersed tunnel elements to ensure the implementation of the project in an effective and economical way.     

基于综合相似度的地铁施工风险应急推理研究

针对地铁项目施工环境复杂、不可预见因素多、施工事故频发、难以对其进行快速有效的应急决策与救援的问题,首先,搜集以往地铁施工应急案例,分析地铁施工风险因素,运用Protégé软件建立知识本体模型;然后,计算本体库中源案例与目标案例的综合相似度,从案例库中匹配出综合相似度最大的源案例,通过对比本体库中与目标案例相似度最高源案例的关键属性,运用规则推理对相似案例的应急措施进行适用性修改,从而提高应急措施的针对性,为快速有效地应对地铁施工事故进行应急决策提供新的方法;最后,以某地铁项目施工为例,验证了该相似度算法的合理性。     

地铁换乘基坑环框支撑结构关键技术分析

为解决地铁换乘站基坑支护工程设计及施工风险问题，通过分析换乘站基坑特点，优化地铁换乘站基坑首层平面轮廓为圆形，运用圆形环框梁抗压性强的特点布置圆形环框梁支撑体系。该体系具有变形易控制、拆撑风险低、工序方便快捷等优点。以广州地铁21号线天河公园站和南通地铁文化公园站为例，验证其实用性，以期为类似工程提供参考。     

乌兹别克斯坦甘姆奇克隧道岩爆特点及其形成机制

在总结乌兹别克斯坦安琶铁路甘姆奇克隧道岩爆特点的基础上,结合隧道工程地质条件,对岩爆的发生机制进行分析。研究表明： 甘姆奇克隧道的岩爆主要是由于本隧道的花岗闪长岩和正长斑岩属脆性围岩及围岩内赋存很高的水平向构造残余应力引起的; 隧道在埋深仅40 m的条件下就发生岩爆,且岩爆发生在拱顶-拱腰段,主要是由于与隧道轴线接近垂直的水平向地应力为最大主应力的缘故;该隧道的岩爆按形成机制可分为完整岩体的薄片状弹射、近水平向层状岩体折断崩落、岩块崩出+周边围岩塌落和边墙板状岩体折断崩出4种模式。