Vehicle Response to Stochastic Roadways

Dynamic response calculations for vehicles traversing irregular surfaces are usually accomplished using frequency domain methods involving spectral densities and transfer functions. Here an alternative procedure is developed which allows direct computation of mean square values and correlations of system variables for both transient and steady-state conditions. The method is based upon the differential equation for the covariance matrix which is directly related to the state equations for the vehicle. Multiple white noise inputs can be incorporated as well as inputs at two wheels which follow the same track at a distance from one another..The method is suitable for computer implementation without the complex algebra associated with finding all necessary transfer functions and the necessity of evaluating integrals in order to find mean square values using the conventional approach. As an illustration, a simple vehicle model is worked out completely and the variation of pitch and heave motion as a function of vehicle speed is plotted.     

Simultaneous optimization of transit line configuration and passenger line assignment

Passenger transportation in most large cities relies on an efficient mass transit system, whose line configuration has direct impacts on the system operating cost, passenger travel time and line transfers. Unfortunately, the interplay between transit line configuration and passenger line assignment has been largely ignored in the literature. This paper presents a model for simultaneous optimization of transit line configuration and passenger line assignment in a general network. The model is formulated as a linear binary integer program and can be solved by the standard branch and bound method. The model is illustrated with a couple of minimum spanning tree networks and a simplified version of the general Hong Kong mass transit railway network.     

五轴联动数控铣床高效加工螺旋浆曲面

把微分几何中曲线与曲面之间的“切触”概念应用于复杂曲面的数控加工,提出用圆柱铣刀和圆锥盘铣刀的外圆在五坐标联动中加工三维自由曲面的最佳切触条件.文章的特色是利用曲线与曲面之间可以比曲面与曲面之间贴合得更紧密的特点,把微分几何里的曲线与曲面之间的“切触”概念应用于曲面数控加工.     

Oceanic CO2 uptake and biogeochemical variability during the formation of the Eastern North Atlantic Central water under two contrasting NAO scenarios

Long-term variability of the biogeochemical properties during the formation of central waters in the Eastern North Atlantic were analyzed between 42–47°N and 10–20°W from the dataset gathered during the Galicia VII (GVII) and C. Darwin 58/59 (CD58/59) cruises. These cruises that showed important changes in the thermohaline properties and the nutrient abundance of the upper layers were carried out under contrasting conditions of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. The different climate forcing led a meridional shift of the transition zone between the formation regions of subpolar and subtropical Eastern North Atlantic Central Water (ENACWp and ENACWt, respectively). This displacement conditioned the presence of each ENACW in the study region and so the thermohaline and biogeochemical properties. The effect of the observed variability at decadal scale on the air–sea CO₂ gradient (ΔfCO₂) and exchange (F_CO2) was analyzed using 1D model approach throughout 11 weekly-steps that simulated the development of a spring bloom during the shoaling of the mixed layer. The outputs of the model showed an intensification of the ocean CO₂ uptake due to higher biological CO₂ drawdown, during positive NAO conditions and its weakening under negative NAO influence.     

基于韧性理论的盾构隧道智能建造北大核心CSCD

以盾构隧道为主的城市轨道交通在"十三五"期间已取得了跨越式的进步,盾构掘进设备在智能化方面取得了飞速发展,但隧道结构设计、结构制造和现场管片拼装的智能化方面,仍需要大的创新与突破。面对建设韧性智慧城市的战略目标,盾构隧道还存在系列问题亟需解决,如对于新材料的物性认识浅、理论少;传感的布置缺乏针对性,监测感知差;隧道管片拼装大量依靠人工,误差大。解决这些问题的关键在于构建一个基于韧性理论的智能化盾构隧道建造系统,通过利用材料和结构的韧性特点,结合计算机等信息技术,采用韧性设计、智能感知、智能制造、智能拼装等一系列措施,使得隧道结构中的材料可智能感知、结构可精准监测、数据可实时孪生、信息可高效管理、制造可自动操控、过程可全域感知、模型可动态调节、管片可智能拼装,最终实现韧性城市的盾构隧道智能化建设。     

一种基于SM2智能卡的微电网安全登录系统的设计

为解决微电网系统中身份认证问题,设计了一种基于SM2智能卡的微电网安全登录系统。首先以SM2智能卡为核心,描述了用户身份认证过程;然后对其进行安全性分析,该方案具有防伪造、防篡改、防重放特性;最后在嵌入式开发平台上实现了该系统。实验结果表明,该系统具有一定稳定性和高效性,对微电网系统安全稳定运行具有一定意义。     

Analyzing the dispersion of cargo vapors around a ship’s superstructure by means of wind tunnel experiments

In a previous study, it was found that cargo tank operations like cleaning and venting, lead to higher cargo vapor concentrations around the ship’s superstructure. Can wind tunnel experiments confirm these findings? Is there an improvement when using higher outlets at high velocities compared to lower outlets with a low outlet velocity? Is there a relation between relative wind speed and measured concentration? These questions were investigated in the Peutz wind tunnel. By using a tracer gas for the wind tunnel experiments, concentration coefficients have been calculated for various settings. The study shows that using high-velocity outlets is an efficient way to keep concentrations as low as possible. The only exception is for relative wind directions from the bow. In this last case using a manhole as ventilation outlet leads to lower concentrations. With increasing wind speeds the building downwash effect resulted in higher concentration coefficients near the main deck. This study confirms our on-board measurements and suggests the lowering of the ventilation inlet of the accommodation, so that the high-velocity outlet can be used safely at all times.     

Adaptive data dissemination for time-constrained messages in dynamic vehicular networks

With the advent of emerging wireless communication technologies, tremendous efforts have been put on promoting the safety and efficiency of transportation services by developing innovative applications. In particular, there has been significant interest in accessing information stored at RSUs (Roadside Units). The unique characteristics in vehicular networks, such as dynamic traffic factors including vehicle arrival rate, dwell time and data access patterns, bring us new challenges on data dissemination. This work dedicates to the investigation of timely and adaptive data dissemination in the dynamically changing traffic environment. Firstly, we derive an analytical model to explore and examine the effects of the dynamic traffic factors. In light of the theoretical results, an on-line scheduling algorithm is proposed for adaptive data dissemination. Finally, we evaluate performance of the new algorithm in a variety of circumstances. The simulation results demonstrate satisfactory performance of the proposed algorithm.