列车基本阻力的思考

文章从分析列车气动阻力入手，结合现有试验数据，建立了我国铁路货车、客车及机车的单位基本阻力系列试用公式，经与《列车牵引诸规程》公式以及国外相关公式进行比较后，认为这种分析一试验型公式比纯试验型公式更为合理而有效。此外，作者还提出加强列车牵引理论和应用的基础性研究等建议。     

液力变矩器计算机辅助设计与制造

本文简述了液力变矩器设计与制造的研究和发展，以及计算机在液力变矩器设计与制造行业的应用，指出了存在的问题；建立了液力变矩器计算机辅助设计与制造的一体化系统；实现了液力变矩器性能预估、叶形判断与叶栅系统入，出口参数计算的有机统一。     

路基土方机械化施工

以深圳布龙公路路基土方机械化施工为例，详细地介绍了路基土方机械化的施工配套、施工管理和施工方法，并就提高机械化施工水平，优质、高效、低耗地完成施工任务，提出了实际而可行的措施。     

Semi-active Damping with an Electromagnetic Force Generator

The main shortcoming of vehicle suspension systems is the amplification of input vibrations at the resonant frequency. A non-amplifying suspension system with a semi-active damping is being developed. The use of an electronically controlled rotational damper has been studied theoretically. A new sprung seat is being designed for the improvement of the working conditions for drivers of road and terrain vehicles.     

Vehicle Motion Analysis in Relation to Vehicle Safety

The influence of vehicle handling on the possible avoidance of accident situations is discussed. lit is shown that accident reconstruction at present does not provide the necessary information to relate the cause of accidents to the lack of road worthiness of vehicles. It follows that the vehicle behavior in proximity of its performance limit must be determined in order to infer its accident avoidance potential.

The paper presents a review of the state-of-the-art of vehicle modeling, simulation of vehicle maneuvers and full scale testing. The application of the direct method of the stability theory is suggested as a possible means of obtaining performance limit envelopes which are necessary for establishing standards of the performance of vehicles.     

公共交通IC卡自动收费管理系统

按城市交通管理现代化的要求,将ＩＣ卡应用于公共交通收费管理系统中。在吸收国内外ＩＣ卡管理经验的基础上,结合长沙市公共交通收费管理的实际,研究和设计出公共交通感应式ＩＣ卡自动收费管理系统。     

Evaluation of forced flows on freeways with single‐loop detectors

This paper documents the development of a simple method for identifying and/or predicting freeway congestion using single loop detection systems. The proposed algorithm is simple and easy to incorporate into most freeway management systems. The Washington State Department of Transportation's Traffic Systems Management Center (TSMC) sponsored the original study. The investigation also led to a recommendation to replace the original TSMC definition of congestion or forced flow conditions with a more reliable indicator. Although, the TSMC has recently implemented a more advanced prediction system based on fuzzy set theory and neural networks to further identify patterns and rules for ramp metering strategies, the findings presented here continue to be constructive to freeway managers looking for quick and easy analyses that rely solely on single‐loop detection systems. The Seattle Area freeway study section used for the original study was the portion of mainline 1–5 northbound starting at the downtown Seattle Station 108 and ending at the Mountlake Terrace Station 193. Several days' worth of volume and lane‐occupancy data were collected for the afternoon time period from 2:30 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. Time intervals of 20 seconds were chosen for each data collection period. Important products of this research include the following:

• simple, and more reliable criterion for the definition of “bottleneck” or forced flow conditions than that originally used by the TSMC.
• simple, and reliable criterion for predicting impending “bottlenecks” or forced flow conditions.
• A proposed variable for improved selection of the appropriate metering rate. (Further analysis of the use of this variable for determining metering rates is recommended for future studies.

The proposed criteria are simple and easy to incorporate into current freeway management computer systems. Further investigation of freeway performance measurement using volume and occupancy data obtained from single‐loop systems is currently being performed.     

A conceptual and methdological framework for the generation of activity-travel patterns

This paper develops a conceptual framework for the generation of activity and travel patterns in the context of more general structures and presents an integrated model system as a step toward development of an improved travel demand forecasting model system. We propose a two-stage structure to model activity and travel behavior. The first stage, the stop generation and stop/auto allocation models, consists of the choices for the number of household maintenance stops and the allocation of stops and autos to household members. The second stage, the tour formation model, includes the choices for the number of tours and the assignment of stops to tours for each individual, conditional on the choices in the first stage. Empirical results demonstrate that individual and household socio-demographics are important factors affecting the first stage choices, the generation of maintenance stops and the allocation of stops and autos among household members, and the second stage choices, the number of tours and the assignment of stops to tours. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

国产轻轨车辆牵引性能试验评估

近年来城市快速轨道交通在我国各大城市蓬勃兴起,路内外各相关厂家为开发国产城轨车辆进行了大量工作并达到了商业化应用.本文介绍两种典型国产轻轨车辆基本技术参数和牵引性能试验结果,并给出性能评估.