船舶航向保持的鲁棒神经网络控制

设计一个N5-5-5-5-5-5-1前向神经网络,经训练得到一个开环的船舶航向保持控制器,使其能够较好地保持典型输入信号作用下的船舶航向;然后应用闭环增益成形算法,形成闭环控制系统.这种基于神经网络的航向保持方案,将神经网络的适应能力、非线性函数映射能力和闭环增益成形算法的鲁棒性结合起来,改善了系统的鲁棒性能.这种方法设计过程简单,物理意义明显.     

Dynamics of inorganic nutrient species in the Bohai seawaters

Within the frame of a Sino-German Joint Research Program, two cruises of “R/V Dong Fang Hong 2” were carried out in September–October 1998 and April–May 1999, respectively, to understand the dynamics of nutrients in the Bohai. Nutrient species (NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, NH₄⁺, PO₄³⁻ and SiO₃²⁻) are determined colorimetrically on board for five anchor and 30 grid stations. In situ incubation experiments are performed to determine planktonic nutrient uptake and benthic exchange flux. Nutrient concentrations display short-term variability and seasonal change in the Bohai, with higher levels in shallow coastal waters than in the Central Bohai. The influence of riverine discharge on nutrient levels can be seen from salinity isopleths, nutrient distribution and species ratios. Near-bottom (nb) waters have similar nutrient concentrations as to the surface waters in the Central Bohai, whereas stratification takes place in the Bohai Strait and North Yellow Sea. In situ incubation experiments provide evidence that the uptake ratio (i.e. N, P) by phytoplankton is proportional to the ratios among nutrient species in ambient waters. Based on the data of this study and previously publications, a preliminary estimate of nutrient budgets via riverine input and atmospheric deposition is established. The results indicate that atmospheric deposition gains importance over rivers in delivering nutrients into the Bohai and sustain the new production, following recent decrease in riverine inflow caused by drought periods in North China and damming practices. A historical review of nutrient data indicates that concentrations of nitrogen increase and phosphorus and silica decrease in the Central Bohai over last 40 years. This potentially has an important influence on the health of ecosystem in Bohai (e.g. food web and community structure), though further study is needed to examine the scenario in more detail.     

Variability of the Bohai Sea circulation based on model calculations

The circulation and the hydrography of the Bohai Sea are simulated with the Hamburg Shelf Ocean Model (HAMSOM). The model is three-dimensional, prognostic baroclinic and has a resolution of 5 min in latitude and longitude and 10 layers in the vertical. It is initialised and forced with the five main tidal constituents, temperature and salinity distributions taken from the Levitus database, monthly mean river run-off values and European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) re-analysed data of air pressure, wind stress and of those parameters relevant for the calculation of heat fluxes. The simulation period covers 14 years from 1980 to 1993 due to the availability of the time-dependent ECMWF forcing.The results are analysed by means of time series and EOFs focussing on the interpretation of fluctuations with periods above the tidal cycle. Furthermore, tracer simulations are carried out and turnover times are calculated in order to evaluate the importance of these fluctuations on the renewal and transport of water masses in the Bohai Sea.One of the major outcomes of the investigation is the overall dominance of the annual cycle in all hydrographic parameters and the importance of stochastic weather fluctuations on the transport of water masses in the Bohai Sea.     

舱口角隅处网格划分方法研究

提出针对舱口角隅处网格的自动有限元精细划分方法,粗细网格使用过渡单元平滑过渡,自动创建规范要求的几种导角和开孔,并对部分筋单元进行板元化.     

基于改进自适应遗传算法的船舶电力系统滤波装置优化配置

近年来随着大量非线性负载的投入使用,船舶电网谐波问题日益严重,直接影响到船舶电气设备的正常工作和使用寿命。论文结合船舶电力系统动态负荷多等特点采用节点电势法进行基波潮流计算,忽略传输线路压降,对非线性负荷进行迭代求解,因而收敛速度快,精度高。在迭代求解过程中,采用改进的自适应遗传算法。根据适应度值的集中程度自适应地变化整个种群的交叉概率和变异概率,增加了种群多样性,扩大了搜索空间。应用改进的自适应遗传算法对一个12节点船舶电力系统进行滤波器优化配置,优化结果表明了算法的有效性。     

基于层次分析法的汕头港内陆港选址研究*

汕头港是我国沿海主要港口,也是粤东地区唯一的主要港口。通过分析汕头港发展现状和腹地经济产业发展特点,提出汕头港未来布局建设内陆港的意义。在此基础上,选取广东、福建、江西和湖南共19个地级市作为汕头港内陆港选址的候选城市,构建了候选城市涉及地理交通、经济基础和成本因素三大要素的多层次指标体系。利用层次分析法（AHP）对内陆港选址进行初探,并提出相应选址和发展建议。     

面向复杂环境的LNG码头合理布局规模仿真案例分析

LNG船舶通过限制性航道进出港时须采取一定的管控措施,具有显著的排他性,布局LNG码头时须确定合理的码头规模,以保障港区各类船舶通航效率。基于多智能体复杂系统的混合模拟仿真建模方法,以宁波舟山港六横港区南侧岸线新布局LNG码头研究为例,建立不同的仿真情境,通过设定的指标进行评价分析,研判在一定通航管控措施条件下六横港区南侧LNG码头合理布局规模,为港口码头布局和岸线合理利用提供决策依据。     

舰用齿轮箱抗冲击能力时域计算

为找出舰船设备的潜在问题或薄弱环节，从而保证舰船的战斗力；以及为避免由于对设备的抗冲击性能不了解即进行冲击试验可能对设备造成的损坏，抗冲击数值模拟分析对于舰用设备是必要的。对舰用齿轮箱抗冲击能力进行时域数值模拟，使用MDT软件建立齿轮箱三维几何模型，利用HyperMesh软件进行前处理以及有限元网格划分，并将有限元模型导入ABAQUS软件，对齿轮箱抗冲击能力进行时域计算。分析数值模拟结果得到了齿轮箱典型部位处冲击响应，总结了齿轮箱抗冲击的一些规律，并找出了齿轮箱结构抗冲击的薄弱环节，为齿轮箱结构优化设计提供了参考。     

离岸深水港码头系泊船舶系缆力和撞击能量

随着近岸深水岸线的逐步减少,以及船舶大型化的发展,码头建设向着条件更加恶劣的深水地区发展,离岸深水港码头的船舶系泊安全问题成为各方关注的焦点之一.在理论分析的基础上,针对影响系泊船舶系缆力和撞击能量的各种因素,开展了较为系统的物理模型试验研究,提出了多参数系泊船舶系缆力和撞击能量半经验半理论计算公式,并通过相关性分析,验证了公式的计算准确性,为保障离岸深水港码头船舶的系泊安全提供了技术支持.     

舰载红外搜索与跟踪系统的发展

介绍了舰载红外搜索/跟踪系统的发展历程以及装备的研制、改进情况,指出了发展舰载红外搜索/跟踪系统的优势和重要性,重点探讨了几种舰载红外搜索/跟踪系统的性能及其特点;最后分析了舰载红外搜索/跟踪系统的未来发展趋势.