复杂水文地质环境条件下等级公路的灾害防治研究

为了有效预防、治理各类复杂特殊岩土体公路自然灾害和人类活动、区域地质构造环境极端变化诱发的公路灾害,文章在分析公路灾害孕育、诱发、发生、发展过程中地下水补、径、排等关键水文地质致灾条件和灾害类型的基础上,详细研究了公路灾害的成灾机理特征,诱发、影响因素及防治措施。提出了对公路建设全过程的公路灾害安全评价和以勘探、预防预报、治理地表水、地下水运动变化等水文地质条件关键点为核心的公路灾害治理与防治技术措施。     

沙棘果油及沙棘籽油对大鼠放射性皮肤损伤的影响

目的观察沙棘果油及沙棘籽油对大鼠放射性皮肤损伤的影响。方法实验用深部X线治疗机,每次以3000 cGy的剂量,照射两次,造成大白鼠臀部放射性皮肤损伤。待动物症状明显后,将Ⅱ度皮肤损伤的动物随机分为6组,即阴性对照组、沙棘果油高剂量组、沙棘果油低剂量组、沙棘籽油高剂量组、沙棘籽油低剂量组以及阳性对照组。沙棘果油及籽油高剂量组,每天在损伤部位涂药两次,而其低剂量组每天涂药一次,阴性对照组每天涂灭菌的注射用水一次,阳性对照组每天涂Solcoseryl-Jelly软膏一次。结果肉眼观察结果显示,连续用药10d后,沙棘果油、籽油及Sol-coseryl-Jelly组动物的局部红斑、水肿明显减轻,创面分泌物明显减少,用药2周后,上述症状明显消退,与阴性对照组比较,明显好转;另外,沙棘果油、籽油及Solcoseryl-Jelly组的创面愈合时间明显缩短。光学显微镜观察结果显示,沙棘果油、籽油及Solcoseryl-Jelly组的皮肤损伤明显减轻,炎症反应亦明显减轻,创面修复明显。电子显微镜观察结果显示,阴性对照组的超微结构明显受损,而沙棘果油、籽油及Solcoseryl-Jelly组的损伤明显减轻。结论沙棘果油及沙棘籽油对大鼠放射性皮肤损伤有明显的治疗作用。     

Effect of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism on plasma lipid levels and its relationship with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

Objective To explore the risk association of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism with coronary heart disease (CHD) in Hart nationality in Northwest of China. Methods With case-control study, ABCA1-V771M polymorphism was detected in 204 unrelated Hart nationality people in Northwest of China, and all the subjects by coronary angiography were grouped into 106 cases and 98 controls. The genotypes and alleles frequency distribution of ABCA1-V771M polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP analysis, and the clinical statistics of serum lipids were compared and its effects of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism on the plasma lipid levels and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease were analyzed. Results The genotypic frequencies of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism matched well under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05), V and M allelic frequencies were 33.3% and 66.7%. In comparison with VV VM genotype carriers, MM genotypes carriers had much lower plasma levels of HDL-C (P<0. 001) and much higher plasma levels of TG (P<0. 05). M allelic frequency in CHD group was significantly higher than V allelic frequency (P<0. 05). M allele was related with more severity of atherosclerosis in the coronary artery than V allele (P<0.05). However, there was no obvious difference in the incidence of AMI among carriers with three genotypes of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism (P>0.05). Conclusion ABCA1-V771M polymorphism was not only associated with the plasma levels of HDL-C and TG, but also related to the susceptibility and severity of coronary atheroselerotic heart disease. Moreover, M771 allele appeared to be atherogenie among Han population in Northwest of China.     

The role of interleukin-8 produced by tumor induced fibroblasts in the development of cutaneous melanoma

Objective To determine the role of interleukin-8 (IL-8) produced by tumor induced fibroblasts in the development of cutaneous melanoma. Methods B16 melanoma cells induced L929 fibroblasts phenotype was transdifferentiated to myofibroblasts (MF) by co-culture in vitro. MF was monitored by morphology and immunophenotype for a-SMA. The level of IL-8 was detected by ELISA. The effect on B16 cell proliferation rate was estimated using MIT method in vitro. Melanoma implanting model was constructed in C57 mice. Results L929 MF phenotype could be modulated by B16 melanoma cells-derived transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and elevated the levels of IL-8. L929 MF did not influence the B16 melanoma cells viability in vitro, but shortened the time of tumor formation and increased the incidence rates of tumors in C57 implanting model mice. Conclusion Fibroblasts can be activated by tumor cells and produce IL-8, which acts as an inflammatory cytokine promoting the development of cutaneous melanoma.     

彩色多普勒超声在动态监测移植肝及其并发症中的应用

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声在动态监测肝移植术后血流动力学变化及并发症诊治中的应用价值。方法回顾我中心107例原位肝移植术后应用彩色多普勒超声资料,汇总后行统计学分析。结果肝移植术后早期门脉流速较正常对照组升高,而肝动脉流速降低,后逐渐恢复正常。107例中发现肝动脉血栓形成2例(1.87%),肝动脉狭窄5例(4.67%),门脉血栓形成3例(2.80%),肿瘤复发7例(6.54%),诊断为急性排斥反应18例次(16.82%),慢性排斥反应10例次(9.34%),胸腔积液105例(98.13%),腹腔积液65例(60.74%),假性动脉瘤1例,胰漏1例,胆道感染4例(3.74%),胆道狭窄4例(3.74%),胆漏5例(4.67%),胆总管结石1例。结论彩色多普勒超声在动态监测肝移植术后血流动力学变化及并发症诊治中具有重要的临床意义。     

基于安全因素的立交方案的AHP与GST评价

以“以人为本”为原则,基于对安全因素的考虑,提出了一套以安全为核心的立交方案综合评价指标体系。针对影响安全的主要因素,建立了安全指标体系,并采用AHP与GST相结合的方法,对安全指标及其他各层指标的相对权重系数进行了确定和检验。借助GST中的灰色关联分析,计算了立交方案的综合关联度,并最终确定出最优方案。通过工程实例的计算和仿真分析验证了该评价理论的正确性。     

人工关节磨损测量方法综述

人工关节的磨损问题是制约我国人工关节矫形术全面开展的重要因素之一,而磨损的检测和分析技术是评价磨损的手段。随着新技术、新材料等的发展,对人工关节磨损的检测提出新的要求,其中越来越迫切需要精确实现人工关节微量磨损的数字化检测、分析和表征。文章论述了目前国内外主要测量方法,分析了各自的特点和优点,这对于人工关节磨损的测量及其研究具有参考价值。     

还原型谷胱甘肽对肝硬化患者上消化道大出血前后血中GSH-Px/LPO比值的影响

目的　观察肝硬化患者上消化道大出血前后血中谷胱甘肽 (GSH)水平和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (Se GSH Px)活性与过氧化脂质 (LPO)比值的动态变化及还原型谷胱甘肽治疗的影响。方法　 57例患者随机分为常规治疗和还原型谷胱甘肽防治两组 ,前者给常规止血、保肝治疗 ,后者在常规治疗基础上加用还原型谷胱甘肽静滴 (1.2g·d- 1,连用3～ 4周 )。定时空腹采血 ,测定血中GSH水平、Se GSH Px活性和LPO含量 ,并观察记录两组患者发生腹水或腹水增多、黄疸或黄疸加深、肝性脑病和病死 4个病情恶化指标的累计频次数。结果　上消化道出血后常规治疗组患者血中GSH水平、Se GSH Px/LPO比值均明显下降 ,72h达最低点 ,2周后开始回升。还原型谷胱甘肽防治组上述损伤改变较小 ,回升快 ,2周后显著恢复 ,4周后即可达到出血前水平。还原型谷胱甘肽防治组患者 4个病情恶化指标的累计频次数明显低于常规治疗组 (2 4/ 2 7;41/ 3 0 ,P <0 .0 1) ,且与Child Pugh分级有关 ,B级优于C级 (6/ 12 ;17/ 7,P <0 .0 1)。结论　肝硬化患者上消化道大出血后体内抗氧化能力降低 ,致患者的病情恶化。抗氧化治疗有积极意义     

银杏叶提取物防治肝纤维化的实验研究

目的　探讨银杏叶提取物 (EGb)对慢性肝炎的防治作用及其机制。方法　SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、EGb防治组和秋水仙碱组。用四氯化碳皮下注射法建立慢性肝损伤模型 ,分别用生理盐水或药物灌胃治疗。对比观察EGb对慢性肝损伤大鼠肝纤维化和脂质过氧化指标的影响 ,结合肝病理组织学及肝组织内Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原表达的变化加以探讨。结果　EGb防治组大鼠肝组织中PCⅢ、透明质酸、层黏连蛋白和CⅣ型胶原含量明显降低 ,血中过氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性明显升高 ,丙二醛含量明显降低 ,与模型组比较差异均有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ;形态学观察 ,EGb防治组大鼠肝组织损伤明显轻于模型对照组和秋水仙碱对照组 :HE染色显示肝组织炎症损伤减轻 ,VG染色显示肝组织纤维化程度明显减低 ,免疫组化染色显示肝组织中Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原表达明显减少。结论　EGb具有抑制脂质过氧化损伤 ,防治大鼠实验性肝纤维化的作用。