浅析互通立交匝道纵面设计

阐述了互通立交匝道纵面设计的总体原则,针对互通立交匝道设计综合性高、平面与纵面间相互影响、匝道与匝道间相互制约等特点,对匝道纵断面设计、纵断面拉坡顺序、超高设计提出了看法和建议。     

枢纽下游近坝段不同类型河段的再造床过程及其对航道条件的影响

枢纽蓄水运用改变了坝下河段的水沙条件,其中径流过程的变化,改变了不同流量级水流的水动力条件和造床能力,输沙量的改变.是引发坝下游河床调整的关键.根据三峡和丹江口下游近坝河段实测资料,分析了相对窄深.低水分汊、两岸约束很强,以及低水分汊、两岸约束很弱等3种类型河段在蓄水以后冲淤调整特点,在此基础上分析了其冲淤变化对航道条件的影响.结果表明:当河段相对窄深时,河段冲刷主要为下切;当河段为相对宽浅的低水分汊河段且河岸约束较强时,蓄水以后的冲淤变化主要体现为江心洲潍的冲淤调整、汊道深泓高程差的冲淤调整,并引起主支汊分流比的调整:当河段为较为宽浅的低水分汊河段且河岸约束相对较弱时,则冲刷调整不仅限于分流比的调整,甚至会导致大的分汊格局的调整.无论如何调整,都有可能引起新的航道问题.     

港口规划环境影响评价中公众参与模式探讨

国家对环境影响评价工作中的公众参与非常重视,相继出台多项相关法规政策。目前对于建设项目环境影响评价中公众参与的形式和方法国内外已有一些理论研究和较多的实践应用,但对于规划环境影响评价中采取何种有效的公众参与模式尚需深入研究。通过对国内十多个港口总体规划环评案例进行归纳总结,阐述了港口规划环评公众参与的目的与意义,分析提出了港口规划环评公众参与的工作原则、工作方案和调查意见统计分析方法,并针对港口规划环评公众参与的重点和难点进行了分析研究,探讨港口规划环评中开展公众参与的有效方法和途径。     

涡流探伤仪夹紧定位装置设计改进

进口涡流探伤仪附带的夹紧定位装置,在测量时会造成柴油机活塞顶部外沿的磕碰伤以及顶面的划伤。通过观察以及利用试验手段验证,找出了引起碰伤和划伤的原因。通过对夹紧定位装置的设计改进,避免了在测量过程中,活塞顶部和顶面造成的损伤,保证了活塞检测的准确度。新设计的夹紧定位装置提高了通用性,并降低了制造成本。     

T��l��phoner au volant : impact sur la conduite et risque d��accident, une revue de la litt��rature

This paper gives a literature review from experimental, epidemiological and naturalistic studies, having tried to measure on the one hand, the impact of mobile phone use on driving and, on the other hand, the risk of accident associated with this practice. The overview of these studies allowed first of all to show that the driving task is altered during the period of mobile phone use, and to quantify the disturbance (experimental studies), then to verify that this disturbance can be at the origin of accidents and quantify this risk (epidemiological studies). The naturalistic studies, consisting in following-up fleet vehicles, give some more explanations and tend to confirm the results. Advantages and limits of each approach are also discussed.     

On-road visual vehicle tracking using Markov chain Monte Carlo particle filtering with metropolis sampling

In this study, a method for vehicle tracking through video analysis based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) particle filtering with metropolis sampling is proposed. The method handles multiple targets with low computational requirements and is, therefore, ideally suited for advanced-driver assistance systems that involve real-time operation. The method exploits the removed perspective domain given by inverse perspective mapping (IPM) to define a fast and efficient likelihood model. Additionally, the method encompasses an interaction model using Markov Random Fields (MRF) that allows treatment of dependencies between the motions of targets. The proposed method is tested in highway sequences and compared to state-of-the-art methods for vehicle tracking, i.e., independent target tracking with Kalman filtering (KF) and joint tracking with particle filtering. The results showed fewer tracking failures using the proposed method.     

A Practice-Based Coupling of the Precautionary Principle to the Large Marine Ecosystem Fisheries Management Concept with a Policy Orientation: The Northeast United States Continental Shelf as a Case Example

This article addresses interdisciplinary sustainable aspects of fisheries as part of ocean management. Human-caused impacts and their role as modifiers of living marine resources is discussed. The research note also theorizes about contemporary global change and its prospective biological consequences, especially when coupled with human-induced factors in coastal marine waters. Also addressed is the management and ecological aspects of fish stock populations as part of a large marine ecosystem (LME) in the Northeast United States continental shelf of the Atlantic Ocean with suggestions for an interdisciplinary policy orientation paradigm to foster the sustainability of marine life in the sea.     

Intelligent transport systems solutions in transitional countries: The case of Korea

Transport policy in Korea is driven by the need to cope with ever-worsening traffic conditions. The development of an intelligent transport systems (ITS) Master Plan for Korea is of particular interest and demonstrates the heavy reliance placed on ITS measures to facilitate both the management of congested (but expanding) highway networks and to encourage a shift to greater use of public transport. The paper highlights the major achievements of ITS in Korea by assessing the evidence provided by the widespread implementation of ITS technologies (such as the creation of 'showcase' demonstrations). Some observations from the implementation of ITS in (so-called) transitional economies are presented.     

The problems of hydrocarbon extraction

The problems associated with hydrocarbon extraction in the EEZ are discussed under the headings of resources and environment, technology and the industrial structure, government management, decision-making, and policy formulation. Policy areas identified include boundary delimitation relative to resources, environment and technology, co-ordination and decision-making machinery, relationships with UK and EEC energy policies, and regional planning of the sea and coastal areas used by the off-shore industry.     

Incorporating sustainability assessment in transportation planning: an urban transportation vehicle-based approach

Environmental assessments are on the critical path for the development of land, infrastructure and transportation systems. These assessments are based on planning methods which, in turn, are subject to continuous enhancement. The substantial impacts of transportation on environment, society and economy strongly urge the incorporation of sustainability into transportation planning. Two major developments that enhance transportation sustainability are new fuels and vehicle power systems. Traditional planning ignores technology including the large differences among conventional, hybrid and alternative fuel vehicles and buses. The introduction of alternative fuel vehicles is likely to change the traditional transportation planning process because different characteristics need to be taken into account. In this study a sustainability framework is developed that enables assessment of transportation vehicle characteristics. Identified indicators are grouped in five sustainability dimensions (Environment, Technology, Energy, Economy and Users). Our methodology joins life cycle impacts and a set of quantified indicators to assess the sustainability performance of seven popular light-duty vehicles and two types of transit buses. Bus Rapid Transit receives the highest sustainability index and the pickup truck the lowest. Hybrid electric vehicles are found to have the highest sustainability index among all other passenger vehicles. A sensitivity analysis shows the proposed sustainability dimensions produce robust sustainability assessment for several weighting scenarios. The results are both technology and policy sensitive, thus useful for both short- and long-term planning.