Review of computer software for traffic engineers

The mid‐1970s saw the initiation of several lengthy research and development programmes in the United Kingdom which culminated in a range of software for the traffic engineer. The early 1980s brought cheap, powerful microcomputers, thereby enabling the facilities offered by the software to be exploited to the full. This article describes the range of programs now available and in common usage for the design and appraisal of traffic management schemes in the United Kingdom, and suggests a few of the areas where some research and development effort is still needed.     

海运业应上升为国家战略性服务产业——访中国船东协会常务副会长兼秘书长张守国

我国海运业的迅猛发展令全球瞩目。截至“十一五”末，我国水上运输船舶总规模已突破2亿载重吨。其中，海运船队达到1．15亿载重吨，居世界第四位；全国港口完成货物吞吐量突破100亿吨，集装箱吞吐量达1．64亿TEU（标准箱），均位居世界首位；海船船员69万人，居世界第—位。从“大而不强”走向真正的强大，中国海运业依然任重道远。近日，中国船东协会常务副会长兼秘书长张守国在接受本刊记者专访时特别强调：航运强国建设中加强“软实力”建设最为关键。     

A Training Framework for Understanding Conflict in the Coastal Zone

The coastal zone is attractive for human settlement because it tends to be resource rich, providing a good location to generate incomes and livelihoods. Equally, however, it is a complex and powerful natural environment, which means that the coastal zone often becomes a focus of conflict with multiple users competing for limited space and resources. Understanding the causes of, and determining solutions to, the ensuing problems requires inputs from a range of analyses across sectors and disciplines. However, different disciplinary and sectoral approaches frequently use different investigative methods, language, and means of presenting results. This article presents a framework that has been developed in collaboration with Indian institutions over the past three years in an effort to address some of these fundamental problems of analysis and translation into policy action. Key components addressed by the framework are strengthening the capacity to practice, knowing how to proceed and how to find out what needs to be known using experience-based problem solving.     

Towards integrated traveller information

Traveller information provision has become a key government priority in the UK following the publication of its Transport White Paper in July 1998. Developments are already underway for the integration of information systems across different public transport modes and between public transport information systems covering different regions. The Highways Agency (which is responsible for managing the strategic road network in the UK) is also advancing in its development of information databases and systems for the motorist. This paper considers the prospect of providing travellers with multimodal information with integration of driver information with public transport information. If such integration can be achieved then travellers, and in particular drivers, have the prospect of being presented with comparable information on travel options across modes. An integrated information service has a great potential to inform and influence travel choices. The paper considers the issue of travel choices and the role that information can play particularly in the context of mode choice. The political (UK) and technological climate for information provision is outlined. The paper identifies issues that will need to be addressed to identify the requirements from, and potential benefits of, integrated information, and the obstacles and challenges likely to be faced in moving towards it. Driver reactions, in particular, to the prospect of integrated information provision are fundamental to the assessment of its potential importance and value.     

Ontario cottager associations and shoreline management

Abstract

Growth in the number of cottager, or lake property owner, associations in Ontario has been rapid. Cottager associations attempt to address directly, and influence government decision‐making on, issues affecting shoreline management and the recreational experience of cottagers. However, associations infrequently resolve these issues to their satisfaction. A questionnaire and case study show that the nature of the issue, human and financial resources available to the association, and the nature of the decision‐making process affect the extent to which associations influence outcomes. Unreceptiveness of government officials to association participation in decision‐making and confused agency jurisdictions over shoreline resources appear to inhibit association effectiveness. Concerns about the status of shoreline management in Ontario and public participation in decision‐making are raised.     

基于联合仿真的多级等推力液压缸研究

对多级等推力液压缸的原理进行说明,并采用基于ADAMS与Matlab/Simulink联合仿真方案对其进行仿真,通过把建好的虚拟样机导入到ADAMS建立动力学模型,同时针对多级等推力液压缸内部容腔进行数学建模,从而模拟出内部的液压流动,并利用Matlab/Simulink根据数学模型建立起液压模型,通过ADAMS与Matlab的接口对多级等推力液压缸进行联合仿真.     

滑模式水泥混凝土摊铺机不塌边混凝土配合比及工艺参数的研究

通过对ＳＦ３５０型滑模式摊铺机进行浇筑成型工艺及滑模工艺性能的试验研究，说明实施滑模式摊铺机滑模工艺具有能使混凝土硬化后强度提高的性能，并以此对滑模式摊铺机混凝土配合比工艺参数进行了分析，对其规律性进行了探讨。     

Damper Models for Heavy Vehicle Ride Dynamics

A laboratory rig for testing hydraulic dampers using the 'hardware-in-the-loop' method is described, and the accuracy of the test method is investigated. A mathematical model of a hydraulic shock absorber is then developed. The model is suitable for vehicle simulations and has seven parameters which can be determined by simple dynamic measurements on a test damper. The shock absorber model is validated under realistic operating conditions using the test rig, and the relative importance of various features of the model on the accuracy of vehicle simulations is investigated.     

The Geometrical Contact between Track and Wheelset

In previous publications the author has described a so-called first-order theory for the motion of a railway vehicle wheelset on a tangent track. In the present report the geometrical aspect of this theory is further evaluated and a method for solving the constraint equations between the coordinates of the wheelset is indicated.     

宜万铁路别岩槽隧道F3 断层突发性涌水治理

宜万铁路别岩槽隧道F3断层在初期支护完成后,由于受地表强降雨影响,突发大规模涌水,使初期支护严重变形。文章主要介绍了F3断层的涌水事故、应急预案,以及通过采取“径向注浆加固-初期支护加强-及时施作二次衬砌”等综合技术措施,有效地治理了F3断层涌水-变形段。